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      • 韓國의 組織犯罪 實態와 그 對應方案에 關한 硏究

        허경미 東國大學校 大學院 1999 국내박사

        RANK : 247631

        In Korea, organized crime used to be regarded as organised violence crime. Organized crime has been one of the major social problems in Korea. The purpose of this study is to find reasonable a counterplot against organized crime in Korea. Organized crime has thus become a world phenomenon. In Europe, in Asia, in Africa and in America, the forces of darkness are at work and no society is spared.... To its traditional spheres of activity such as prostitution, the anus trade and trafficking in drugs, organised crime has now added money-laundering, the trade in nuclear technology and human organs, and the transporting of illegal immigrants... Organized crime undermines the very foundations of the democratic order. organized crime poisons the business climate, corrupts political leaders and undermines human rights... Within societies, the triumph of organized crime is, more often than not, accompanied by a weakening of law and sometimes even by a return to the law of the jungle... So, at this stage Korean Government should devote considerable attention on the phenomenon, characteristics, and implications of organized crime. In this research, the organized crime can be defined as a crime activity by organized group and the organized crime have connotation, organizations, organized activities. Since most organized crime goes unseen, the full extent of the political, social and economic threat it represents becomes apparent only slowly. organized crime have some different criteria than the traditional crime. For instance, a hierarchical inner structure, welfare care and remuneration of members, and on the other side of the coin, penalties for disobedience, use of violence against competitors, victims and the law officers, laundering of profits from criminal activities and so on. organized crime is not yet a serious problem in korea but demands on the necessity to meet the organized crime more actively which has the tendence of getting mafia-type organized crimes. But to counter the increase of organized crimes, training of criminal justice personnel and enforcement of related authorities for effective mutual assistance in criminal matters or investigation of organized crimes based on legal and regulatory measures. Today's organized crimes threaten the safety of korean society rose as a problem that could not be solved by only criminal justice systems. Harmony of "the law of regulation of organized crimes", criminal justice systems and citizen's cooperation is the most important method cope with organized crimes. police officers need the help of citizens and a judical and political system. Some of the special problems police officers when dealing with organized crimes are the lack of citizen's cooperation, the code of ethics of organized crime members, which prevents them from giving information and the tremendous wealth, power, and organization behind them and the corruption of other police officers, politicians, judges, and corrections officers. So citizen"s voluntary cooperation and active participation in combatting the organized crime are very important. And the education of law enforcement officers and the improvement of investigation techniques such as computerized information system, undercover operation, informant, agent provocateur, electronic surveillance, and etc. Particularly, electronic surveillance is intercepts private conversations, greate care is taken to ensure a right to privacy. Also undercover operation technique is to be conducted carefully consideration to the risk of personal injury to individuals, property damage, financial loss to persons or business, invasion of privacy or interference with privileged or confidential relationships. In addition, protecting witnesses program is very important to deal with organized crime such as providing temporary housing for the witness, and providing subsistence payments to the witness to become self-supporting, relocations, plea bargaining, immunity and so on. The organized crime can not longer be trickled successfully using traditional police investigative methods. By legislation of the organized crime control act and money laundering, improve the investigative technique and perfect witness safety guard program and rationalized correctional systems are necessary cope with the organized crime.

      • 협동학습을 활용한 초등학교 과학 자유탐구의 지도 방안

        허경미 서울교육대학교 교육대학원 2011 국내석사

        RANK : 247631

        본 연구에서는 초등학교 과학 자유탐구 지도에서 협동학습을 활용한 교수학습 지도 자료를 개발하여 수업에 적용한 후, 협동학습의 효과를 살펴보고, 자유탐구의 지도에서 협동학습의 성공적 요인을 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 관찰 일지, 학생과의 면담, 학습지, 학습일기 등 정성적 자료를 분석하였으며, 이를 좀 더 객관화 하고자 정량적 자료 분석으로는 사전 사후 과학적 태도 검사, 사전 탐구능력 검사를 실시하여 다음과 같은 연구 결과를 얻었다. 첫째, 지도 자료를 개발하여 적용하는 과정에서 자유탐구의 효과적인 지도 방안의 시사점을 얻을 수 있었다. 자유탐구 모둠 구성의 원칙은 개별 탐색 주제가 비슷한 학생들로 하였으나, 같은 주제에 희망 학생 수가 많은 경우에는 학생의 과학적 능력을 고려하여 이질집단으로 구성하였다. 학생들은 자유탐구 모둠 동료로 탐구능력보다는 협동성이나 교우관계가 좋은 구성원을 선호하였다. 자유탐구 경험이 부족한 학생들임을 고려하여 모둠 탐구주제는 3~4학년에서 배운 과학 교과서의 단원을 범위로 탐색하였으며, 탐구 주제에 변인과 탐구 내용이 구체적으로 드러나도록 하고 변인 통제를 어려워하는 학생을 위해 실험에서 다르게 할 조건과 같게 할 조건을 지도하였다. 두 번째로, 협동학습을 활용한 자유탐구의 지도 효과를 알아보았다. 학습 일기 분석 결과, 학생들의 과학적 태도, 의사소통 기술 신장, 상호 교수 및 교우관계가 향상되었다. 사전-사후 과학적 태도 검사 결과, 과학적 태도 중 과학 및 과학학습에 대한 흥미, 협동성과 자진성, 창의성 영역이 유의미한 향상을 보였다. 세 번째로 자유탐구 지도에서 협동학습의 성공요인을 분석하였다. 모둠 자유탐구 결과를 수행 영역별로 채점한 결과, 탐구 주제 및 탐구 방법을 성공적으로 수행한 모둠이 탐구 전체의 결과 또한 우수함을 알 수 있었다. 상위 그룹 구성원일수록 3~5인 모둠, 같은 성별로 구성되었으며, 협동학습 관련 전체 요소 중 교우관계와 의사소통 정도가 매우 우수한 경향을 보였다. 상위 그룹일수록 과학적 태도 중 과학에 대한 흥미, 비판성, 협동성, 끈기성이 높은 구성원이 많았다. 과학 탐구 능력 관계는 없었으며, 이는 모둠 내의 협동적 분위기 조성에 따라 탐구 능력이 낮은 구성원이라도 다른 구성원으로부터 도움을 받아 자유탐구에 성공할 수 있음을 나타낸다. 자유탐구의 목표가 성공적으로 이루어지기 위해서는 자유탐구의 경험이 부족한 초등학생들에게 동료 학습자와 함께 협동하며 탐구하는 과학의 즐거움을 찾을 수 있도록 교사의 적절한 격려와 피드백이 제공되어야 할 것이다. This study analyze the successful fact of the cooperative learning in open inquiry coaching by applying the developed Teaching-Learning material that was used to coach in the elementary school for science open inquiry and examining the effect of the cooperative learning. This study conducts integrated research. It analyzes materials such as observation journal, talk with students, home-school materials, learning journal. To objectify this study it analyzed pre-to-post scientific action examination, pre-research ability examination through quantitative analysis and got result as below. Firstly, through the application of the developed coaching material, this study was able to get the implication of the effective coaching way of open inquiry. The open inquiry team was composed of students who had similar investigation subjects and when there were too much students with similar subject, team composed of students with their scientific ability was made as the different group. Students preferred a member with good cooperation or friendship than a member who has good research ability for the open inquiry. As the students lack experience in open inquiry, the permitted limit of the subject for the mass research was the 3rd or 4th grader's textbook. This study made sure to have the variable of the subject and the context to be concrete and instructed the students who had difficulties understanding variable controlling; which condition to have different and same in the experiment. Secondly, this study investigated the coaching effect of open inquiry by using cooperative learning. For the result of analyzing the learning journal, Student's scientific attitude, communication skill, relationship was improved. For the result of the pre-to-post scientific attitude examination, interest in Science and Science study, cooperativity, volunteering and creativity part had improved of science attitude. Thirdly, this study analyzed the successful factor of cooperative study in the open inquiry coaching. For the result of grading each section of the result of the open inquiry, the team that greatly performed in research subject and research measures also won in the whole research. The team member of higher ranking was composed of 3-5 students with same gender and had tendency of having great communication skills and friendship of the whole fact of cooperative learning. Students with higher criticising ability, stronger cooperativity and patience ability and having more interest in science were in the higher ranking team. There were nothing about Science research ability. It proves that a member who has lower ability of research can also succeed in open inquiry by getting help from other members by creating the cooperative atmosphere in the team. To succeed the goal of open inquiry , teachers must provide an appropriate encouragement and feedback to the elementary school students, who doesn't have much experience in open inquiry, to have them find interest in science which requires cooperativity between the members.

      • 남해안 별신굿의 축제적 기능과 활동 : 통영지역을 중심으로

        허경미 경성대학교 교육대학원 2003 국내석사

        RANK : 247631

        1 The purpose of this study is to examine festal functions and activities of Namhaean Byeolsingut, designated as an intangible cultural treasure No. 82-Ra, in Tongyoung. For the purpose, this researcher investigated theoretical backgrounds of general and regional festal events and the purposes and qualities of cultural feasts held in the region of Tongyoung. And the researcher interviewed members of Namhaean Byeolsingut Preservation and people concerned with some feasts of the region to know the current state of activities related to the regional traditional culture. Results of the study shows that Namhaean Byeolsingut is performed as activities in regional feasts, in the form of intangible cultural treasure and in regional culture. Namhaean Byeolsingut has the following six festal functions, that is, those of religion, cultural exchange, education, art, raising the pride of regional people, and traditional culture preservation. First, there are religious functions. Geographical characteristics of Tongyoung allowed Namhaean Byeolsingut to have religious functions which had been considered most important in traditional society. Second, there are functions of cultural exchange, which can be classified into such exchange within Tongyoung itself and between the region and others. Excellent traditional cultures have been exchanged and supplemented with each other into a high-quality regional culture. Musical exchanges between Tongyoung Okwangdae and Seungjeonmu are still contained, rooted from Byeolsingut. Namhaean Byeolsingut was recognized to be artistically excellent through exchange with different cultures of other regions and finally designated as an intangible cultural treasure. Third, there are has educational functions. Namhaean Byeolsingut has effects of making enjoyed and interested festal events through school education. Students who receive such education would choose to start their social career in the field of cultural art or directly participate in the regional feast. Fourth, Namhaean Byeolsingut has artistic functions. In relation, muga and mumu are good examples of high artistic quality. Such functions of Namhaean Byeolsingut is especially remarkable in its music composition based on samhyeonyukgak and Yongseon play and paper mask play, which are never found in other guts. Fifth, there are functions of raising the pride of regional people. Both artistic and cultural exchange-related functions of Namhaean Byeolsingut are improving the image of Tongyoung and raising the pride of people living in the region. Sixth, there are functions of traditional culture preservation, which integrate all the functions above described and are supported by related succession activities. Rites of gut are in principle proceeded in a certain, specific procedure, even though they might be somewhat reduce or simplified. This makes possible the preservation of traditional culture. With its activities and festal functions, Namhaean Byeolsingut is expected to be a symbol representing the region of Tongyoung. However, such expectation has some limit only with activities of Namhaean Byeolsingut itself. Festal functions as so far described could be more promoted when they are supported by public policies for regional culture development.

      • 텅스텐 단결정면의 수소 흡착에 대한 연구

        허경미 江原大學校 敎育大學院 1994 국내석사

        RANK : 247631

        텡스텐의 (310), (221), 그리고 (211)면 위에 수소를 흡착시켰을 때, 일함수의 변화를 field electron emission microscopy의 장치와 Fowler and Nordheim의 식을 이용하여 구하였다. Field electon emission용 텅스텐 tip의 제작 시 0.3%의 NaNO_(3) 용액이 적당하였고, etching 전원으로는 교류전원에 3-4초 간격으로 순간적인 pulse를 가해 주어 시료 주위의 기포 발생에 의한 문제를 해결하였다. 이렇게 만들어진 텡스텐 tip의 끝은 [011] 방향인 단결정 형태가 되었으며 이것은 (110)면이 chemicasl etching이 잘 일어나지 않는 안정한 면이라는 것을 뜻한다. 장전자 방출 장치의 상의 위치는 computer simulation을 이용하여 결정하였다. 그릭 일함수의 변화로부터 상대적인 흡착율을 결정할 수 있는 수식을 제시하였다. 텡스텐(310)면의 수소에 대한 TDS로 부터 이 면 위에서 수소가 해리적 흡착을 함을 알았다. 또한 상대적인 흡착율과 절대적인 흡착율을 고려하여 텡스텐의 (310), (221), 그리고 (221)면의 수소 흡착에 따르 heat of desorption을 구하였다. When hydrogen is adsorbed on the (310), (221) and (211) face of tugsten, the chagin in the work functen is acquired using field electron emission microscopy equipment and the Fower-Nordheim equation. 0.3% of NaNO_(3) liquid propers for producing the tungsten tip for field electron emission and the problem of the bubble occurance is solved by applying instant pulse of AC to the etching system every three of four seconds. The end of the tungsten tip which is made in this way cecomes singl crystal in the direction of [011]. It means that chemical etching doesn't occur on the (110) face well. i.e.. the (110) face is stable. The location of field electron emission image is decided by computer simulation method. From the change in the work funtion. mathmatical method which and decide the reative coverage is obtained. From TDS for H/W(310) I know that hydrogen was adsorbed dissociatively on this face. Also, considering the relative coverage and absolute coverge. heat of desorption is dbtained as result of hydrogen adsorption of the (310), (221) and (211) faces of tungsten.

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