단삼이 당뇨병성 신병증 Rat의 신기능 및 조직학적 변화에 미치는 영향

김영석,이병철,안세영,두호경,안영민,Kim, Young-Seok,Lee, Byung-Cheol,Ahn, Se-Young,Doo, Ho-Kyung,Ahn, Young-Min 대한한방내과학회 2008 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.29 No.3

Objective : Diabetic nephropathy is the most common cause of end stage renal disease. AGE, $TGF-{\beta}1$ type IV collagen, and macrophage/monocyte infiltration are the main factors of diabetic nephropathy. We investigated the effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza on renal function and histopathological changes in streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy rat model. Methods : Diabetes was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats(290${\pm}$10g) by injecting STZ(45mg/kg) into the tail vein. Rats were divided into 3 groups(n = 6): normal, control, and salvia. After 8 weeks of administration of Salvia miltiorrhiza extract on the Salvia group, we checked 24 hrs urine, blood biochemistry and renal tissue to evaluate renal function and histopathological changes by examining parameters including albuminuria, BUN, creatinine, cholesterol, LDL, TG, macrophage/monocyte antigen(ED-1), $TGF-{\beta}1$, AGE, and type IV collagen. Results : Salvia miltiorrhiza decreased the amount of 24hrs proteinuria, and inhibited histopathological changes of diabetic nephropathy including the expression and accumulation of various factors which could promote development of diabetic nephropathy. Conclusion : These findings suggest that Salvia miltiorrhiza might protect the renal function and inhibit the development of renal injury by regulating factors including AGE, $TGF-{\beta}1$ Type IV collagen, macrophage and monocyte infiltration. So Salvia miltiorrhiza can be used for diabetic patients to prevent the progression of diabetic nephropathy.

샐비어 잎 특성의 유전분석 : Salvia splendens Sello

이정문,김주현 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2003 농업생명과학연구 Vol.37 No.4

샐비어 육종에 있어서 엽형의 결정인자인 엽장과 엽폭의 유전 양식을 알고자 하였다. 수년에 걸쳐 육성된 샐비어 자식계통들 중 재배적 특성면에서 현저한 차이가 나는 9계통을 선발하고 이들간 이면교배에 의해 얻어진 F_(l)들과 친들을 재배하고 엽장과 엽폭의 유전양식을 조사하였다. GCA와 SCA의 분석결과 엽장, 엽폭 모두에서 GCA는 유의하였으나 SCA는 유의하지 않았다. 엽폭은 그러하지 않으나 엽장에 있어서는 GCA와 親값과의 사이에 상당히 유의한 관계가 인정 되었으므로 샐비어의 엽장, 엽폭의 유전에서는 GCA는 높히 고려해야할 것으로 보이나, SCA는 별 의미가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 엽폭과 엽장에서 높은 GCA값을 가지는 親은 Red Pillar, Lavender, Biored등이었다. 유전분산성분 분석 결과 샐비어의 엽특성의 유전에서는 상가적 효과가 매우 중요한 것으로 나타났으나, Vr-Wr 희귀분석 결과와 유전분산성분 결과가 서로 일치하지는 않았다. 조사된 10개 형질의 유전력은 9%~24%로 매우 낮았다. This study was conducted to obtain basic data on the inheritance mode of leaf characters in salvia (Salvia splendens Sello). Nine inbreds were selected, and a half diallel set of 36 F_1 combinations was made. Combining ability, Vr-Wr regression analysis and genetic variance component analysis were done. GCA(general combining ability) was significant in leaf length and leaf width, while SCA (specific combining ability) was not in leaf width. Therefore, GCA is more useful than SCA in salvia. Highly significant correlations were found between GCAs and parent values in leaf length, but not in leaf width. GCA for leaf width and length was excellent in Red Pillar, Lavender and Biored. Analysis of genetic variance component showed that additive effect was very important in leaf length and width. But in the degree of dominance, the results of Vr-Wr regression analysis and genteic variance component analysis differed a little. Heritability in both narrow-and broad-sense for leaf characters investigated was relatively low, ranging from 9 to 24%.

Solution pH and Ion Uptake as Affected by Nitrogen Source and Cl<SUP>-</SUP> in Hydroponic Culture of Ageratum and Salvia

Byoung Ryong Jeong,Chiwon W. Lee 한국원예학회 2004 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.45 No.2

The influence of N forms and Cl? on solution pH and ion uptake in the hydroponic culture of Ageratum houstonianum (NH₄?-tolerant) and Salvia splendens (NH₄?-sensitive) for a time course of 216 h was investigated. The pH of the hydroponic solution (initially 6.50) supplied with either NH₄? or NH₄?+NO₃? was drastically lowered to 3.08, whereas that of the same solution supplied with NO₃? was raised up to 7.74. Solution pH changed more by ageratum than by salvia. The solution Cl? concentration did not influence solution pH significantly. However, the addition of Cl? in the solution lowered transpiration rate in both NH₄? and NO₃? treatments. Total N uptake was greatest in the NH₄? + NO₃? treatment and lowest in the NO₃? treatment. In the NH₄? + NO₃? treatment, NO₃? uptake was suppressed by NH₄? (to about 50%), while NH₄? uptake was not affected by NO₃?. The rate of Cl? uptake was lowest in the NH₄? treatment but was similar in the N₄? + NO₃? and NO₃? treatments. The uptake of K?, H₂PO₄?, SO₄²?, Mn²?, and Zn²? was significantly enhanced in the NH₄? treatment. The uptake rate of Ca²? and Mg²? was highest in the NO₃? treatment. Absorption of Cu²? and B was not affected by N source. Ion uptake was more stable in the solution containing both NH₄? and NO₃? than in the solution containing either NH₄? or NO₃?. The uptake rates of total N, NH₄?, NO₃?, Mn²?, Cu²?, and Zn²? were significantly higher in ageratum than in salvia, whereas those of Cl? and Mo were significantly lower in ageratum than in salvia. The amounts of total anion (TA) absorbed, but not total cation (TC), the difference (TC - TA), and sum (TC + TA) were all affected by N source, Cl? level and their interaction. The total anion and cation uptake was significantly depressed, due to reduced uptake of both TA and TC, but TC - TA was significantly increased in the NO₃? treatment compared to the NH₄? or the NH₄? + NO₃? treatments, especially in the absence of Cl?, Plant tissue ion contents were also affected by N source and Cl? level.

Growth, Flowering, and Nutrient Composition of Salvia Grown in Peat moss Media Containing Pellets Processed with Poultry Feather Fibers at Different Mixing Ratios

Yoo, Yong Kwon,Kim, In Kyung,Roh, Mark S.,Roh, Yong Seung,Huda, Masud Korean Society of Horticultural Science 2017 원예과학기술지 Vol.35 No.3

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of replacing perlite (PL) with pellets processed with poultry feather fiber as an inert material to prepare growing medium. The growth and flowering of Salvia splendens 'Vista Red' grown in individual growing medium $Biosangto^{(R)}$, peat moss (PM), PL, and two pellets (P45-1 and P45-2) were evaluated. Peat moss was mixed with PL, P45-1, or P45-2 at various ratios (1:0 to 1:3 or 3:1 by volume) to investigate the feasibility of replacing PL with pellets. Nutrient composition of the growing medium and leaf tissues was analyzed. The number of florets, inflorescence length, plant height, and fresh weight of plants grown in media containing P45-1 or P45-2 were reduced compared to those grown in individual growing medium PM or PL. As the mixing ratio of P45-1 or P45-2 to PM was higher, the growth of salvia, such as inflorescence length, plant height, number of leaves, and fresh weight was inhibited. Our results indicate that mixing three parts PM with one part of P45-1 (PM/P45-1/3:1) or P45-2 (PM/P45-2/3:1) accelerated flowering and increased the number of florets and leaves compared to other mixing ratios of PM and pellets media. The concentrations of phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), boron (B), iron (Fe), and copper (Cu) in individual growing medium PL, P45-1, and P45-2 were significantly lower than those in PM. The concentration of N was the highest in leaves of plants grown in P45-1 or P45-2 amended media, and the concentrations of P, Ca, and zinc (Zn) in leaves were lower in individual growing medium P45-1 or P45-2 than in PM and PL. The pH of PM/P45-1/3:1 or PM/P45-2/3:1 media was maintained at optimal level (5.8-5.9) and the concentrations of macro- and micro-elements in the media and leaves were considered to be optimal levels. Therefore, mixing three parts PM with one part P45-1(PM:P45-1/3:1) or P45-2 (PM:P45-2/3:1) is recommended for improved growth and flowering in salvia. This suggests that P45-1 or P45-2 can replace PL as an inert material to prepare growing medium.

Growth, Flowering, and Nutrient Composition of Salvia Grown in Peat moss Media Containing Pellets Processed with Poultry Feather Fibers at Different Mixing Ratios

유용권,김인경,Mark S. Roh,노용승,Masud Huda 한국원예학회 2017 원예과학기술지 Vol.35 No.3

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of replacing perlite (PL) with pelletsprocessed with poultry feather fiber as an inert material to prepare growing medium. The growthand flowering of Salvia splenden s ‘Vista Red’ grown in individual growing medium Biosangto®,peat moss (PM), PL, and two pellets (P45-1 and P45-2) were evaluated. Peat moss was mixedwith PL, P45-1, or P45-2 at various ratios (1:0 to 1:3 or 3:1 by volume) to investigate thefeasibility of replacing PL with pellets. Nutrient composition of the growing medium and leaftissues was analyzed. The number of florets, inflorescence length, plant height, and fresh weightof plants grown in media containing P45-1 or P45-2 were reduced compared to those grown inindividual growing medium PM or PL. As the mixing ratio of P45-1 or P45-2 to PM was higher,the growth of salvia, such as inflorescence length, plant height, number of leaves, and freshweight was inhibited. Our results indicate that mixing three parts PM with one part of P45-1(PM/P45-1/3:1) or P45-2 (PM/P45-2/3:1) accelerated flowering and increased the number offlorets and leaves compared to other mixing ratios of PM and pellets media. The concentrationsof phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), boron (B), iron (Fe), and copper (Cu) in individual growingmedium PL, P45-1, and P45-2 were significantly lower than those in PM. The concentrationof N was the highest in leaves of plants grown in P45-1 or P45-2 amended media, and theconcentrations of P, Ca, and zinc (Zn) in leaves were lower in individual growing mediumP45-1 or P45-2 than in PM and PL. The pH of PM/P45-1/3:1 or PM/P45-2/3:1 media wasmaintained at optimal level (5.8-5.9) and the concentrations of macro- and micro-elements inthe media and leaves were considered to be optimal levels. Therefore, mixing three parts PMwith one part P45-1(PM:P45-1/3:1) or P45-2 (PM:P45-2/3:1) is recommended for improvedgrowth and flowering in salvia. This suggests that P45-1 or P45-2 can replace PL as an inertmaterial to prepare growing medium.

Growth, Flowering, and Nutrient Composition of Salvia Grown in Peat moss Media Containing Pellets Processed with Poultry Feather Fibers at Different Mixing Ratios

Yong Kwon Yoo,In Kyung Kim,Mark S. Roh,Yong Seung Roh,Masud Huda 한국원예학회 2017 원예과학기술지 Vol.35 No.3

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of replacing perlite (PL) with pellets processed with poultry feather fiber as an inert material to prepare growing medium. The growth and flowering of Salvia splenden s ‘Vista Red’ grown in individual growing medium Biosangto<SUP>®</SUP>, peat moss (PM), PL, and two pellets (P45-1 and P45-2) were evaluated. Peat moss was mixed with PL, P45-1, or P45-2 at various ratios (1:0 to 1:3 or 3:1 by volume) to investigate the feasibility of replacing PL with pellets. Nutrient composition of the growing medium and leaf tissues was analyzed. The number of florets, inflorescence length, plant height, and fresh weight of plants grown in media containing P45-1 or P45-2 were reduced compared to those grown in individual growing medium PM or PL. As the mixing ratio of P45-1 or P45-2 to PM was higher, the growth of salvia, such as inflorescence length, plant height, number of leaves, and fresh weight was inhibited. Our results indicate that mixing three parts PM with one part of P45-1 (PM/P45-1/3:1) or P45-2 (PM/P45-2/3:1) accelerated flowering and increased the number of florets and leaves compared to other mixing ratios of PM and pellets media. The concentrations of phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), boron (B), iron (Fe), and copper (Cu) in individual growing medium PL, P45-1, and P45-2 were significantly lower than those in PM. The concentration of N was the highest in leaves of plants grown in P45-1 or P45-2 amended media, and the concentrations of P, Ca, and zinc (Zn) in leaves were lower in individual growing medium P45-1 or P45-2 than in PM and PL. The pH of PM/P45-1/3:1 or PM/P45-2/3:1 media was maintained at optimal level (5.8-5.9) and the concentrations of macro- and micro-elements in the media and leaves were considered to be optimal levels. Therefore, mixing three parts PM with one part P45-1(PM:P45-1/3:1) or P45-2 (PM:P45-2/3:1) is recommended for improved growth and flowering in salvia. This suggests that P45-1 or P45-2 can replace PL as an inert material to prepare growing medium.

Oxidant에 의한 신장세뇨관 물질이동계의 장애에 대한 단삼(丹參)의 효과

김상범,정지천,Kim, Sang-Beum,Jeong, Ji-Cheon 대한한방내과학회 1997 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.18 No.1

This study was undertaken to determine whether Salviae-radix (SVR) exraction exerts benefical effect against oxidant-induced inhibition of tetraethylammonium (TEA) uptake which is actively secreted by renal proximal tubules. TEA uptake increased as function of incubation time to 60 min. When renal cortical slices were exposed to 50 mM $H_2O_2$, TEA uptake was significantly inhibited. The inhibition was significantly protected by addition of 0.5% SVR extraction. The benefical effect of SVR was dose-dependent over the concentration range of 0.1-1%; $H_2O_2$ (50 mM)-induced inhibition of TEA uptake was completely protected by 0.5-1% SVR extraction. $H_2O_2$ increased LDH release which was accompanied by an increase in lipid peroxidation in renal cortical slices. These changes were prevented by 0.5% SVR. These results suggest that SVR exerts benefical effect against oxidant-induced impairment of membrane transport function, this effect may be due to by an antioxidant action.

Effects of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Hot Aqueous Extract on Nitric Oxide and Prostaglandin E₂ Production and on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl Radical Scavenging in Macrophages

Yeo, In Ho,Lee, Cham Kyul,Lee, Eun Yong KOREAN PHARMACOPUNCTURE INSTITUTE 2014 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.17 No.1

Objectives: The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix hot aqueous extract on nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$) production and on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging in macrophages. Methods: Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix (300 g) was heated at $100^{\circ}C$ with distilled water (2 L) for 4 hours. The extract was filtered and concentrated to 100 mL by using a rotary evaporator, was frozen at $-80^{\circ}C$, and was then freeze-dried by using a freezing-drying system. The RAW 264.7 macrophage was subcultured by using $10-{\mu}g/mL$ lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In order to evaluate cytotoxicity, we performed 3-(4,5-dimrthylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays and measured the cell viability. The NO production was measured by using Griess assays, and the $PGE_2$ production was measured by using enzyme immunoassays. The antioxidant activity, the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging capability, was measured by using the DPPH method. Results: Cell viability with the 1-, 5-, 25-, 125- and $625-{\mu}g/mL$ Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix hot aqueous extract was not significantly decreased compared to the cell viability without the extract. When 125 and $625{\mu}g/mL$ of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix hot aqueous extract were used, nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages was significantly inhibited compared to that in the control group. When 25, 125, and $625{\mu}g/mL$ of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix hot aqueous extract were used, $PGE_2$ production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages was significantly inhibited compared to that in the control group. The 125- and $625-{\mu}g/mL$ Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix hot aqueous extracts had high DPPH free-radical scavenging capabilities in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Conclusion: This study indicates that Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix hot aqueous extract suppresses NO and $PGE_2$ production and improves DPPH free-radical scavenging capability. Thus, it seems that Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix hot aqueous extract may have an anti-inflammation effect and antioxidant activity.

Effects of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Hot Aqueous Extract on Nitric Oxide and Prostaglandin E2 Production and on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl Radical Scavenging in Macrophages

여인호,이참결,이은영 대한약침학회 2014 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.17 No.1

Objectives: The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix hot aqueous extract on nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production and on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging in macrophages. Methods: Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix (300 g) was heated at 100℃ with distilled water (2 L) for 4 hours. The extract was filtered and concentrated to 100 mL by using a rotary evaporator, was frozen at -80℃, and was then freeze-dried by using a freezing-drying system. The RAW 264.7 macrophage was subcultured by using 10-㎍/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In order to evaluate cytotoxicity, we performed (3-(4,5-dimrthylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) (MTT) assays and measured the cell viability. The NO production was measured by using Griess assays, and the PGE2 production was measured by using enzyme immunoassays. The antioxidant activity, the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging capability, was measured by using the DPPH method. Results: Cell viability with the 1-, 5-, 25-, 125- and 625-㎍/mL Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix hot aqueous extract was not significantly decreased compared to the cell viability without the extract. When 125 and 625 ㎍/mL of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix hot aqueous extract were used, nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages was significantly inhibited compared to that in the control group. When 25, 125, and 625 ㎍/mL of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix hot aqueous extract were used, PGE2 production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages was significantly inhibited compared to that in the control group. The 125- and 625-㎍/mL Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix hot aqueous extracts had high DPPH free-radical scavenging capabilities in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Conclusion: This study indicates that Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix hot aqueous extract suppresses NO and PGE2 production and improves DPPH free-radical scavenging capability. Thus, it seems that Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix hot aqueous extract may have an anti-inflammation effect and antioxidant activity.

단삼 첨가에 따른 느타리버섯의 생육 특성 및 수량성

이찬중,문지원,유영미,한주연,정종천,공원식,유영진 한국버섯학회 2015 한국버섯학회지 Vol.13 No.3

This study was carried out to investigated optimum mixing ratio of Korean cultivation Salvia miltiorrhiza forproduction of functional oyster mushroom. Mycerial growth was slow at addition of Salvia miltiorrhiza, and significant differenceby increase of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Yields of fruiting body show the highest to 139.5g/850ml of medium which are addition 5g/bottle of Salvia miltiorrhiza but rapid decrease by increase of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Diameter of pileus and thick of stipes were higherat addition Salvia miltiorrhiza than those of the controls. Thick of pileus and length of stipes were the highest at addition 30g, and20g and 30g of Salvia miltiorrhiza. The L value of stipes were the highest at addition 20g and 50g of Salvia miltiorrhiza and theL value of pileus were the highest at addition 30g of Salvia miltiorrhiza, but there was no significant difference in the a-value andthe b-value.