장기미집행 도시계획시설의 재검토를 위한 정량적 평가기준 설정에 관한 연구

정영헌,이양재 대한국토·도시계획학회 2003 國土計劃 Vol.38 No.1

The objective of this study is to institute the criteria, in particular quantitative criteria- for the review of road facilities that has taken up the biggest portion of unexecuted urban planning facilities in long-term. The quantitative criteria - 9 in total - used for this study are functions of roads, the rate of implementation, the period before implementation, ownership of land (the proportion of government-owned land vs. that of private land), the occupation rate of compensation fee for private building site, the number of obstacle and their area ratio and the slope of roads and the condition of connection on the roads. Based on the total point by road evaluated by item and as a result of Cluster Analysis, it was shown that classifying into 4 groups is the most feasible. The 4 categories of reinvestigation were classified into the following: "existence", "subject to review for existence", "subject to review for elimination", and "elimination." This is a result which is judged to possess significant explanation ability in the primary selections of existence and elimination. Secondly, when compared with the measurement results, 39 places in Iksan City and 3 places in Jangsu County showed contrary results. This is a different that occurs because the government's will was excluded from the quantitative criteria. This study has meanings in that it has clearly presented quantitative criteria, making it possible to sort out urban planning facilities that have been overdue in the 1st round, and that it has tried verifications through comparison with the existent measure matters.

A study on quantitative formability assessment of rheological materials based on the microstructural characterization with a moderate control of the process

Jung, Hong-Kyu,Kim, Han-Goo,Kang, Chung-Gil Elsevier 2007 Journal of materials processing technology Vol.182 No.1-3

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The semisolid forming (cleaner rheological forming) of aluminum alloys is a new net shape manufacturing method that incorporates elements of both forging and casting. It is characterized by the use of induction heating to reheat billets to the highest possible solid fraction in order to maximize the mechanical properties such as strength, wear resistance and elongation. It is necessary to develop tailored alloys specifically for cleaner rheological forming (CRF). The selection is basically from the entire range of cast and wrought aluminum alloys, although most of these alloys were optimized either for the casting or for the forging process. Nowadays, their formability evaluation in the semisolid state has rarely been investigated, and more essentially, it lacks a systematic theoretical base for dealing with unexpected behavior under the new and possibly extreme conditions encountered as we expand the limits of this criterion. So, the present article uniquely focused on an advanced description (advanced JK criteria) to evaluate the formability and castability of next-generation nonferrous materials such as cast and wrought aluminum alloys in the semisolid state based on the microstructural characteristics with an appropriate control of the process. Using the proposed criteria (advanced JK criteria) to evaluate the quantitative formability of cleaner rheological materials in the semisolid state shows that a nine-point alloy represents an optimal semisolid formability while a zero-point alloy is extremely unsuitable for CRF, confirming the validity of the proposed criteria.</P>

국내의 대학 산학협력 평가준거 동향에 대한 연구

곽진영 한국공학교육학회 2023 공학교육연구 Vol.26 No.6

The purpose of this study is to derive implications for improving related policies and evaluation criteria in the future by analyzing trends of evaluation criteria for industry-university cooperation in Korea. For this purpose, five surveys on industry-university cooperation by government departments, major general university evaluations, and evaluation indicators of specialized industry-university evaluations by the Ministry of Education were analyzed. As a result, most of the evaluation criteria for domestic industry-university cooperation have been composed of quantitative indicators and have a limited character as quantitative performance management for government projects. Although the Ministry of Education's evaluation criteria for industry-university cooperation projects has gradually changed to a segmented index considering universities, industries, and regions, it needs to be supplemented for sustainability of industry-universitycooperation. In order to promote sustainable industry-university cooperation in the future, it was suggested that first, it is necessary to supplementation of qualitative Indicators considering each university's characteristics, second, the composition of indicators related to reflect on demand in the process of the cooperation, and third, to build a virtuous cycle system for future operation of evaluation criteria.

교육용 텍스트의 이독성 평가를 위한 양적 준거 연구 : 정보 텍스트를 중심으로

길호현 ( Kil Hohyun ),류수경 ( Ryu Sukyeong ),박태준 ( Park Taejoon ),최소영 ( Choi Soyoung ) 한국독서학회 2022 독서연구 Vol.- No.63

이 연구는 교육용 텍스트의 이독성을 판단하기 위한 양적인 준거를 검토하고 텍스트의 양적 정보를 실증적으로 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 텍스트의 양적 평가를 위한 10개의 준거를 선정하였다. 또한 현직 교사의 평가를 바탕으로 준거가 될 수 있는 교육용 정보 텍스트를 선정하였다. 그리고 이렇게 선정된 준거 텍스트의 기술 통계량을 분석하였다. 분석 결과 분량 요인에 해당하는 글자 수, 문단 수, 문장 수는 학년이 높아짐에 따라 지속적으로 증가하였다. 또한 문장의 길이나 명사비, 어려운 단어에 해당하는 4등급 단어비 역시 학년과 비례하여 상승하였다. 이 연구는 텍스트의 이독성에 영향을 미치는 양적인 준거들을 추출하여 실증적으로 검토했다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 또한 신뢰할 수 있는 수준별 텍스트 목록을 제시했다는 점에서도 의의가 있다. 이 연구는 학년의 변화에 따른 텍스트 양적 준거값의 변화를 구체적으로 제시했다는 점에서도 의의가 크다고 할 수 있다. The purpose of this study is to review the quantitative criteria for judging the readability of educational texts and their empirically present quantitative information. To this end, 10 criteria for quantitative evaluation of text were selected. In addition, educational information texts that can be the basis were selected, based on the evaluation of teachers. As a result of the analysis, the number of characters, paragraphs, and sentences corresponding to the volume factor continued to increase as the grade increased. In addition, the length of the sentence, the noun ratio, and the fourth-grade word ratio corresponding to difficult words also increased in proportion to the grade. This study is significant because it extracted and empirically reviewed quantitative criteria that affect the heterogeneity of text, it also presents a reliable list of text by level. This study’s significance also lies in the fact that it specifically presented changes in text quantitative reference values according to changes in grade level.

전면디지털교과서 사용으로의 과도기에 따른 디지털교과서 평가기준안 개발 연구

김대권(Kim Dae Kwon),이재창(Lee Jae Chang) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2020 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.20 No.19

This research develop a standard for evaluating digital textbooks in a transitional phase. Current state is inter-compatibly using digital textbooks and book-type textbooks. We intended to more practically diagnose the current state based on the quantitative expansion and qualitative deepening. This study developed standard for evaluating digital textbooks by delphi method research. Delphi method research conducted twice with 10 expertises on digital textbooks from 2019. 8. 1. - 2020. 2. 25. As a result of the research, we deducted 43 evaluation criteria including 10 criteria on the contents area, 11 criteria on the learning design area, 9 criteria on the instruction and learning area, 6 criteria on the technique area, 3 criteria on the management area, 4 criteria on the evaluation area. In particular, in this study, the evaluation criteria first included a variety of key and common elements among the evaluation criteria covered in prior studies, and second, reflected the purpose of smart education by the Ministry of Education and the plan to improve learners’ competency in the 21st century, and third, considered the connection with book-type textbooks, and fourth, tried to develop a criteria that included both the learning content and technical elements. 본 연구의 목적은 디지털교과서와 서책형교과서의 병용이 이루어지고 있는 현시점에서 필요로 하는 평가도구를 개발하는 것이다. 다양한 선행연구 자료를 분석하여 초안을 도출하였고, 델파이 조사를 통해 디지털교과서 평가기준안을 개발하였다. 델파이 조사에는 관련분야 전문가 10명이 참여하였으며 2019년 8월 1일부터 2020년 2월 25일까지 2차에 걸친 델파이 조사를 실시하였다. 연구 결과 내용영역 10지표, 교수설계영역 11지표, 교수학습영역 9지표, 기술영역 6지표, 관리영역 3지표, 평가영역 4지표 등 총 43개 항목의 평가지표가 도출되었다. 특히 본 연구에서는 디지털교과서 평가기준안에 첫째, 기존 선행연구에서 다루어진 평가기준 중 핵심적이고 공통된 요소들을 두루 포함하고자 하였다. 둘째, 교육부의 스마트교육 취지와 21세기 학습자 역량 향상 방안에 부합하는 디지털교과서 평가기준이 될 수 있도록 관련 사항을 최대한 반영하였다. 셋째, 현재 디지털교과서를 전면 사용하는 것이 아니라 병용단계 또는 보조단계 수준으로 활용하고 있으므로 서책형교과서와의 연계를 고려하여 구성하였다. 마지막으로, 디지털교과서의 학습내용 요소와 기술적 요소를 고루 포함하여 개발하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 디지털교과서 평가기준안이 현장에서의 양질의 디지털교과서 선정 및 보급에 일조할 수 있기를 기대해본다.

한국어 정형 표현 선정의 기준과 쟁점: 연결어미 ‘-면’ 포함 정형 표현의 사례를 중심으로

남길임,최준 한글학회 2019 한글 Vol.- No.326

This paper establishes a list of more meaningful formulaic expressions by quantitatively and qualitatively analyzing “-myeon” formulaic expression candidates that are at least three words long. The criterion for determining whether an expression was used frequently by certain groups of speakers was if it appeared 10 times per million words across at least five texts. After presenting the resulting list of formulaic expressions, the adequacy of the quantitative criterion in this study is discussed. The formulaic expression candidates that met this quantitative criterion were then re-examined according to three qualitative criteria, namely semantic, grammatical, and pragmatic idiomaticity, to establish the final list of formulaic expressions. The results of the selection process and the discussion about the criteria used in this study shed light on the significance and the limitations of a corpus-driven selection of Korean formulaic expressions. 본 연구는 자동으로 추출할 수 있는 세 단어 이상의 정형 표현 후보 항목을 대상으로 정량적 분석과 정성적 분석을 수행하여 보다 유의미한 정형 표현의 목록을 선별하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 다양한 구 단위 어휘 항목 유형 중에서 본 연구가 주요 대상으로 삼은 단위는 엔그램 방법론으로 식별할 수 있는 세 개 이상의 형태 단위로, 고빈도 연결어미 ‘-면’을 포함하는 정형 표현이다. 본 연구를 통해 지금까지 추출 방법론에 집중되어 온 선행연구의 정량적 방법론에서 나아가, 중복 표현과 고빈도 자유 결합을 제거하고 정형 표현 목록의 실제 활용 가능성을 모색하고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 100만 형태당 10회 이상, 5개 이상의 텍스트 출현을 충족하는 정형 표현 후보 항목들을 대상으로 ‘관용성’을 판별하기 위해, 의미, 문법, 화용의 세 가지 층위의 관용성 판별 기준을 적용하였고, 이를 통해 전체 후보 목록 중 34%를 최종적인 정형 표현 항목으로 선정하였다. 또 이러한 관용성의 판별 과정에서 마주치는 빈도의 문제와 의미, 문법, 화용적 관용성의 쟁점을 논의하였다. 본 연구는 말뭉치 주도적 접근법을 통해 확인할 수 있는 한국어 정형 표현의 활용 가능성을 타진하고, 자동 판별의 한계와 대안을 모색했다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

Establishing Quantitative Standards for Residual Alkaline Phosphatase in Pasteurized Milk

Dong Hyeon Kim,Jung Whan Chon,Jong Soo Lim,Hong Seok Kim,Il Byeong Kang,Dana Jeong,Kwang Young Song,Hyunsook Kim,Kwang Yup Kim 한국축산식품학회 2016 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.36 No.2

The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay is a rapid and convenient method for verifying milk pasteurization. Since colorimetric ALP assays rely on subjective visual assessments, their results are especially unreliable near the detection limits. In this study, we attempted to establish quantitative criteria for residual ALP in milk by using a more objective method based on spectrophotometric measurements. Raw milk was heat-treated for 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 min and then subjected to ALP assays. The quantitative criteria for residual ALP in the milk was determined as 2 μg phenol/mL of milk, which is just above the ALP value of milk samples heat-treated for 30 min. These newly proposed methodology and criteria could facilitate the microbiological quality control of milk.

Establishing Quantitative Standards for Residual Alkaline Phosphatase in Pasteurized Milk

Kim, Dong-Hyeon,Chon, Jung-Whan,Lim, Jong-Soo,Kim, Hong-Seok,Kang, Il-Byeong,Jeong, Dana,Song, Kwang-Young,Kim, Hyunsook,Kim, Kwang-Yup,Seo, Kun-Ho Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2016 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.36 No.2

The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay is a rapid and convenient method for verifying milk pasteurization. Since colorimetric ALP assays rely on subjective visual assessments, their results are especially unreliable near the detection limits. In this study, we attempted to establish quantitative criteria for residual ALP in milk by using a more objective method based on spectrophotometric measurements. Raw milk was heat-treated for 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 min and then subjected to ALP assays. The quantitative criteria for residual ALP in the milk was determined as 2 μg phenol/mL of milk, which is just above the ALP value of milk samples heat-treated for 30 min. These newly proposed methodology and criteria could facilitate the microbiological quality control of milk.

Establishing Quantitative Standards for Residual Alkaline Phosphatase in Pasteurized Milk

김동현,천정환,임종수,김홍석,강일병,정다나,송광영,김현숙,김광엽,서건호 한국축산식품학회 2016 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.36 No.2

The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay is a rapid and convenient method for verifying milk pasteurization. Since colorimetric ALP assays rely on subjective visual assessments, their results are especially unreliable near the detection limits. In this study, we attempted to establish quantitative criteria for residual ALP in milk by using a more objective method based on spectrophotometric measurements. Raw milk was heat-treated for 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 min and then subjected to ALP assays. The quantitative criteria for residual ALP in the milk was determined as 2 µg phenol/mL of milk, which is just above the ALP value of milk samples heat-treated for 30 min. These newly proposed methodology and criteria could facilitate the microbiological quality control of milk.

강도변조방사선치료의 환자별 정도관리

신경환(Kyung Hwan Shin),박성용(Sung-Yong Park),박동현(Dong Hyun Park),신동호(Dongho Shin),박달(Dahl Park),김태현(Tae Hyun Kim),표홍렬(Hongryull Pyo),김주영(Joo-Young Kim),김대용(Dae Yong Kim),조관호(Kwan Ho Cho),허순녕(Sun Nyung Huh 대한방사선종양학회 2005 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.23 No.3

목 적: 환자별 강도변조방사선치료 정도관리(IMRT QA) 중 필름 선량계를 임상에 적용하고, 필름 등선량중심점 치 우침 교정 최적화법을 개발하였다. 최적화 후 필름 선량계에 대한 정량적 허용기준도 제시하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: IMRT 치료를 시행하기로 한 14명의 두경부종양 환자에서 필름 선량계를 시행하고, 가장 큰 계통적 오차 요인인 필름 등선량중심점 치우침 교정 최적화법을 고안하여 적용하였다. 결 과: 필름 선량계의 필름 등선량중심점 치우침 교정 최적화법은 local minimum을 구하는 방식으로 고안하였으며, 환자에게 적용 시 조정값은 2 mm를 보인 2명을 제외하고 12명에서 1 mm로 나타났다. 필름 등선량중심점 치우침 교정 최적화 전후로 선량오차 결과를 산출하였으며, 최적화 전후의 절대 평균 선량오차의 평균은 각각 2.36%,1.56%, 점선량오차가 5% 이상인 지점의 비율은 평균은 각각 9.67%, 2.88%로서 최적화 후 선량오차가 현저히 감소하였다. 최적화 후 절단 저선량 영역을 설정하였으며, 최적화 후 5% 이상의 점선량오차 지점 수 10% 미만, 절대 평균 선량오차 3% 미만의 필름 선량계를 위한 정량적 허용 기준을 제시하였다. 결 론: 본 연구에서 개발한 최적화법은 필름 선량계의 치우침 교정에 매우 유효하며, 최적화 후 제시된 정량적 허용 기준은 환자별 IMRT QA에 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. Purpose: Film dosimetry as a part of patient specific intensity modulated radiation therapy quality assurance (IMRT QA) was performed to develop a new optimization method of film isocenter offset and to then suggest new quantitative criteria for film dosimetry. Materials and Methods: Film dosimetry was performed on 14 IMRT patients with head and neck cancers. An optimization method for obtaining the local minimum was developed to adjust for the error in the film isocenter offset, which is the largest part of the systemic errors. Results: The adjust value of the film isocenter offset under optimization was 1 mm in 12 patients, while only two patients showed 2 mm translation. The means of absolute average dose difference before and after optimization were 2.36 and 1.56%, respectively, and the mean ratios over a 5% tolerance were 9.67 and 2.88%. After optimization, the differences in the dose decreased dramatically. A low dose range cutoff (L-Cutoff) has been suggested for clinical application. New quantitative criteria of a ratio of over a 5%, but less than 10% tolerance, and for an absolute average dose difference less than 3% have been suggested for the verification of film dosimetry. Conclusion: The new optimization method was effective in adjusting for the film dosimetry error, and the newly quantitative criteria suggested in this research are believed to be sufficiently accurate and clinically useful.