병원 조직의 상사리더십 유형이 조직 유효성에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구: 직종 및 직급 수준에 따른 차이를 중심으로

이연숙 한국산업보건학회 2019 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.29 No.1

Objective: In this study, in order to investigate the relationship between leadership type and job satisfaction, the types of leadership in medical institutions are divided into transformational leadership, servant leadership and authentic leadership. In addition medical staff and non-medical staff are classified according to their job characteristics, and middle managers and operators are classified according to position. Methods: For this purpose, 589 questionnaires were applied to the medical institutions in Seoul and Gyunggi-do, and empirically analyzed with multiple regression. Results: The results of this study are first, among gender, medical or non-medical staff, position and career experience, men, non-medical staffs, and middle managers showed higher leadership, job engagement, and job satisfaction. Second, servant leadership and authentic leadership have significant positive relationships with job engagement. In the case of medical staff, only servant leadership has a positive effect on job engagement, while in the case of non-medical staff, both servant leadership and authentic leadership have significant influence on job engagement. Job satisfaction was found to have a statistically significant effect of servant leadership and authentic leadership in medical staff and non-medical staff. Third, in the case of middle managers, servant leadership showed a statistically significant effect only on job satisfaction, while servant leadership and authentic leadership had statistically significant effects on job engagement and job satisfaction of operators. Conclusions: This study suggests the possibility and applicability of authentic leadership in addition to transformational leadership and servant leadership in hospital organizations. Also, by identifying differences in the effects on organizational effectiveness, it is also suggested the need for research on identifying leadership factors that reflect strictly distinctive job characteristics.

간호사가 인지한 안전분위기 및 수간호사의 변혁적 리더십과 투약오류 보고장애와의 관련성

이영숙 ( Young Sook Lee ),류소연 ( So Yeon Ryu ),박종 ( Jong Park ),최성우 ( Sung Woo Choi ) 한국보건정보통계학회 2016 보건정보통계학회지 Vol.41 No.2

Objectives: This study was performed to identify the association of safety climate and transformational leadership of head nurse with barrier to medication error reporting among nurses working at wards in a general hospital. Methods: The subjects of this study were 227 nurses and data were collected by self-administered questionnaire composed of general- and work-related characteristics, experience of medication errors and scales of safety climate, transformational leadership of head nurse and barrier to medication error reporting. The used methods for statistical analysis were t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. Results: Of the subjects, 93.4% had experience of medication error within the past year, and 12.8% of nurses reported their medication error to the hospital. The safety climate and transformational leadership were statistically significant negatively correlated with barriers to medication error reporting. As a result of multiple regression analysis, the safety climate was significantly associated with barrier to medication error reporting, however not transformational leadership. Conclusions: This study showed the barrier of medication error reporting was associated with safety climate of the hospital. Therefore, it might be important to create an atmosphere of safety climate of the hospital and to make programs or polices for decreasing the barrier to medication error reporting or prevention of medication error.

의사와 리더십' 교육과정 개발 및 평가

이상숙,서민호,김준식,김재룡,박우현,천경희,박영순 한국의학교육학회 2007 Korean journal of medical education Vol.19 No.4

Purpose: Recently, researchers at medical schools have shown increasing interest in developing a curriculum for medical humanities and improving ‘humanity’ in existing curriculums. This study introduces the process of developing the ‘doctor & leadership’ curriculum at K University from 2002. The results of the three-year implementation were analyzed. The effectivenessof the curriculum development is discussed. Methods: The curriculum development followed the ADDIE model. A sixteen-week curriculum with three subjects was developed. The main methods of instruction were self-regulation learning and collaboration learning. The instruction method was a blended learning approach composed of both on-line and off-line instructions. Students were assessed through a portfolio assessment. ‘Leadership self-assessment’ and ‘satisfaction index' of the overall curriculum were measured. Results: The results on pre- and post- leadership self-assessment shows that leadership increased significantly after the learning process. Of the 4 sub-factors of the satisfaction index, the satisfaction indices on the blended learning, professor-student interaction, and instruction design had the greatest influence on the total satisfaction index(p<.001) Conclusion: Our outcome indicates that the ‘doctor & leadership' curriculum is significantly effective. And generally, to increase the satisfaction index of courses, collaboration learning based on team projects and blended learning, as well as, professor-student interaction are helpful in encouraging the application of skills.

코로나-19 상황에서 의예과 학생들의 심리적 특성과 자기 돌아보기 명상의 교육적 효과

권래원 ( Rae Won Kwon ),전민영 ( Min Young Chun ),이상률 ( Sang Yull Lee ),윤소정 ( So Jung Yune ) 대한의료커뮤니케이션학회 2021 의료커뮤니케이션 Vol.16 No.1

Background : In the situation of the national crisis caused by Covid-19, healthcare providers face leadership challenges and professional composure for the benefit of the community. This article aims to find out that self-reflection meditation class for premedical students improves medical leadership and resilience needed for healthcare providers. Methods : The sample was comprised of 109 premedical students at Pusan National University. We lectured ‘Physicians and leadership’ class focused on self-reflection and meditation for six weeks. We surveyed stress factors, self-reflection, self-esteem, and expectations for life before the class and asked about course satisfaction and changes after the class. A total of 109 questionnaires were retrieved to analyze the data and derive the results of the study. Results : In the questionnaires about stress factors and self-reflections, grades and exams and questions related to expectations for life recorded the highest average, and negative thinking about self-esteem has the lowest score. In the questionnaire, which asked students to describe their feelings and changes through meditation, most students answered that they could learn to empty negative feelings and be emotionally calm and stable. These were also found in the reflection note analysis. Students experienced ‘self-understanding through deep reflection’ and ‘resolve vague anxiety and fear’ through meditation. This also leads to increase self-awareness and self-satisfaction. Conclusion : Self-reflection meditation class improved emotional and psychological stability for students and fostered self-leadership to drive their lives in the direction they want. This facilitates interpersonal relationships, leadership, and resilience needed as a healthcare provider.

병원조직구성원들의 리더십에 대한 인식과 조직유효성 간의 관계: 부산지역 의료기관 중심

공태현 ( Tae Hyun Kong ) 대한보건협회 2010 대한보건연구 Vol.36 No.1

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between hospital employees` recognition of their leader`s leadership and the organizational effectiveness. A survey was conducted on randomly selected 248 hospital employees from 15 hospitals in Susan area. As a result, there is a significant relationship between the organizational effectiveness and the leadership recognized by the employees. Significant factors of leadership that affect the organizational effectiveness were identified: charisma and individualized consideration in the transformational leadership, contingent reward and management by exception in the transactional leadership, and superiors` sense of building community in the servant leadership. Statistically significant differences were found in the level of organizational effectiveness in association with the employees` demographic characteristics.

‘의사와 리더십’ 교육과정 개발 및 평가

이상숙(Sangsook Lee),서민호(Minho Seo),김준식(Joonsik Kim),김재룡(Jaeryong Kim),박우현(Woo-Hyun Park),천경희(Kyunghee Chun),박영순(Youngsoon Park) 한국의학교육학회 2007 Korean journal of medical education Vol.19 No.4

Purpose: Recently, researchers at medical schools have shown increasing interest in developing a curriculum for medical humanities and improving ‘humanity’ in existing curriculums. This study introduces the process of developing the ‘doctor & leadership’curriculum at K University from 2002. The results of the three-year implementation were analyzed. The effectivenessof the curriculum development is discussed. Methods: The curriculum development followed the ADDIE model. A sixteen-week curriculum with three subjects was developed. The main methods of instruction were self-regulation learning and collaboration learning. The instruction method was a blended learning approach composed of both on-line and off-line instructions. Students were assessed through a portfolio assessment. ‘Leadership self-assessment’ and ‘satisfaction index of the overall curriculum were measured. Results: The results on pre- and post- leadership self-assessment shows that leadership increased significantly after the learning process. Of the 4 sub-factors of the satisfaction index, the satisfaction indices on the blended learning, professor-student interaction, and instruction design had the greatest influence on the total satisfaction index (p<.001) Conclusion: Our outcome indicates that the ‘doctor & leadership curriculum is significantly effective. And generally, to increase the satisfaction index of courses, collaboration learning based on team projects and blended learning, as well as, professor-student interaction are helpful in encouraging the application of skills.

성가롤로병원의 변혁적 리더십과 위기 극복

이준혁,윤지환 리더십학회 2021 리더십연구 Vol.12 No.4

With the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the importance of local medical institutions’ infectious disease control and disaster response efforts has been emphasized. In particular, large regional medical institutions have played a pivotal role in responding to the outbreak. The purpose of this study is to examine how transformational leadership— with its four elements of idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individual consideration—affects hospital operations in addressing the crises. By performing qualitative research involving in-depth interviews on the transformational leadership and crises management capabilities of St. Carollo Hospital, which has grown from a small regional medical center to a large regional medical institution, this study aims to identify the role of transformational leadership in enabling a small clinic to develop and overcome challenges. The findings will have academic and practical implications and add to the current literature, which has focused mostly on large corporations and organizations.

간호사의 투약오류보고의도에 대한 조직요인의 판별예측력

김명수 ( Myoung Soo Kim ) 한국보건정보통계학회 2016 보건정보통계학회지 Vol.41 No.2

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to define degrees of intention to medication error reporting among nurses and to identify discriminating factors of intention to use medication error reporting system among structural and functional variables of the organization. Methods: From 12 hospitals in Korea, 157 nurses participated in the study. The data was collected from July to August, 2011. Organizational related variables were number of beds, perceived usefulness of medication error reporting system, patient safety culture, patient safety initiatives and perceived leadership. Descriptive and discriminant analyses were used. Results: Eighty six point four percent of the participants were staff nurses. The participants were grouped into three groups depending on the levels of intention to medication error reporting: low intention group (n=43), medium-intention group (n=69), high-intention group (n=45). Within the three groups, two functions were produced and only one function was significantly discriminated between low and highintention groups. Additional discriminant analysis produced one function that classified 68.2% of the participants correctly into the two groups. Number of beds and perceived usefulness of medication error reporting system were significant discriminating factors. Conclusions: Structural characteristics of the organization such as number of beds would be contained hidden characteristics for improving or inhibiting factor for error reporting intention. And functional characteristics of the organization as perceived usefulness of medication error reporting to improve error reporting intention can be implemented by the administrator and staff members. Based on the findings of this study, developing intervention programs focusing on improving perceived usefulness of medication error reporting is suggested.

한국 의료계 지도자에서 여성의사의 인구통계학적분석

홍수림,김연희,임춘학 대한의사협회 2024 대한의사협회지 Vol.67 No.4

Background: As female social participation increases, the importance of femininity in leadership also increases. In Korea in 2021, 26.8% of 132,013 doctors and 35.1% of 3,099 medical students were female. However, no research has been conducted on the gender demographics of medical leaders. This study aims to define Korean medical leadership, investigate the gender ratio, and determine whether the proportion of women leaders differs in the academic and non-academic worlds. Methods: Korean medical leaders were defined as those in director or higher-level positions in organizations affiliated with the Korean Medical Association, 34 organizing societies under the Korean Academy of Medical Sciences (KAMS), and those who held dean and vice dean positions in 40 medical schools. Academic societies comprised KAMS, KAMS-affiliated societies, and medical schools; the rest were classified as non-academic organizations. Data were collected through website, e-mail, or telephonic surveys. Differences in the number of women leaders between academics and non-academics were analyzed using the chi-square test. Results: In total, 1,863 medical leaders were evaluated, with females accounting for 12.6%. The difference in the ratio of female leaders between academic and non-academic societies was not statistically significant (13.1% academic vs. 11.8% non-academic; P=0.445). Conclusion: The proportion of women leaders in the Korean medical field is relatively low compared with that of female doctors and medical students. The number of women in leadership positions and their effect on medical society will be observed periodically.

의과대학생의 셀프리더십과 팀워크 역량이 졸업역량 학습 성과에 미치는 영향

박영순(Young Soon Park),천경희(Kyung Hee Chun) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2020 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.20 No.14

본 연구는 의과대학생의 학생성공을 예측하는 요인으로서 셀프리더십과 팀워크 역량 요인이 졸업역량 기반의 시기별 학습 성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 알아보기 위한 것이다. 이에 A 의과대학 2학년 과정을 이수한 총 52명의 학생들을 대상으로 35개 문항의 셀프리더십, 52개 문항의 팀워크 역량, 51개 문항의 졸업역량 기반 시기별 학습 성과를 측정 하였다. 그 결과, 의과대학 2학년생들은 진료역량, 임상술기능력, 보건의료기획관리역량보다 의사로서의 인성, 의학의 과학적 이해 및 활용, 의사소통 기술 점수가 높았으며, 팀워크 역량 중 창의성, 친화성, 배려성 보다 조정력 및 자료 분석과 같은 요인의 점수가 높았다. 셀프리더십 점수가 높은 학생들이 의사로서의 인성, 의학의 과학적 이해와 활용, 의사소통기술, 임상술기능력, 보건의료기획관리역량 등에 대하여 유의하게 높게 평가하고 있었다. 회귀분석 결과, 셀프리더십의 하위요인인 건설적 사고유형전략과 팀워크 역량의 하위요인인 피드백이 학습 성과에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 긍정적이고 건설적인 속성들이 학습 성과에 긍정적 영향을 미친다는 점에서 의과대학은 기회요인의 발굴 및 발전적인 자기평가와 효과적인 피드백 방법을 학습하게 하고, 상호 긍정적인 시너지를 낼 수 있는 의사소통 및 동기를 실현할 수 있도록 안내할 필요가 있다. 또한 이러한 비인지적 요인들은 장기간의 체계적 학습활동을 통해 강화되도록 의과대학 저학년부터 교육할 필요가 있음을 제안한다. The purpose of this study is to investigate how self-leadership and teamwork competency factors affect learning outcomes as a predictor of student success for medical students. For this reason, the total of 52 students who completed the 2nd year course at A Medical School were measured for self-leadership in 35 questions, teamwork competence in 52 questions, and learning outcomes in 51 questions. As a result, the second-grade students of A medical school had higher scores of personality as doctors, scientific understanding and utilization of medicine, and communication skill than medical competency, clinical skill, and health care planning and management competency. Among teamwork competencies, factors such as coordination and data analysis scored higher than creativity, affinity, and consideration. Students with high self-leadership scores were significantly higher in their personality as doctors, scientific understanding and utilization of medicine, communication skills, clinical skills, and health and medical planning management competency. As a result of the regression analysis, it was found that constructive thinking type strategy, which is a sub-factor of self-leadership, and feedback, which is a sub-factor of teamwork competency, has an influence on learning outcomes. In the sense that positive and constructive attributes have a positive impact on learning outcomes, it is necessary to learn how to develop advanced self-assessment and effective feedback, and guide them to realize communication and motivation to create mutually positive synergy. It is also suggested that these non-cognitive factors need to be educated from the lower grades of medical school so that they can be strengthened through long-term systematic learning activities.