The Effects of City Brand Image on City Brand Recognition and City Loyalty

Do-Heon Kim 한국유통과학회 2018 The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business( Vol.9 No.3

Purpose - Competition among cities around the world are rapidly shifting from competition of production factors such as labor costs and quality of raw materials to competition between the consumption factors such as quality of life, settlement environment, culture, and place. The entry into the era of competition between consumption factors is not only attracting investment for strengthening city competitiveness, but also actively inducing urban image reconstruction and new image making. Therefore, various studies related to urban marketing are being carried out. The object of this study is to investigate the effect of city brand image on city brand recognition and city loyalty based on the questionnaire of external citizens about Changwon city. Research design, data, and methodology - The data were collected from 200 Seoul and Busan citizens. Reliability and exploratory factor analysis were conducted through the SPSS program, and confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were conducted by using the AMOS program. Results - As a result of the hypothesis test, six hypotheses were adopted among the nine hypotheses. In summary, pleasant image, dynamic image, and good administrative image have a significant positive impact on city brand recognition. The magnanimous image did not have a significant effect on city brand recognition. In the impact of city brand image on city loyalty, magnanimous image and good administrative image had significant positive impact on city loyalty. Pleasant images and dynamic images did not significantly affect city loyalty. In addition, city brand recognition positively influenced city loyalty. Conclusions - First, it is possible to say that there is an academic significance of this research in its contribution to regional revitalization by investigating mutual influences in urban aspect by combining place marketing with image, recognition, and loyalty. Secondly, kinetic images such as pleasant image and dynamic image have more influence on recognition, and static images such as magnanimous images have more influence on loyalty. So, further research will be necessary to establish theories. Finally, In order to increase city brand recognition and city loyalty to local city, efforts should be made to improve urban images such as pleasant image, magnanimous image, dynamic image, and good administrative image.

3차원 영상 객체 휴먼팩터 알고리즘 측정에 관한 연구

최병관,Choi, Byungkwan 디지털산업정보학회 2018 디지털산업정보학회논문지 Vol.14 No.2

The 4th industrial revolution, digital image technology has developed beyond the limit of multimedia industry to advanced IT fusion and composite industry. Particularly, application technology related to HCI element algorithm in 3D image object recognition field is actively developed. 3D image object recognition technology evolved into intelligent image sensing and recognition technology through 3D modeling. In particular, image recognition technology has been actively studied in image processing using object recognition recognition processing, face recognition, object recognition, and 3D object recognition. In this paper, we propose a research method of human factor 3D image recognition technology applying human factor algorithm for 3D object recognition. 1. Methods of 3D object recognition using 3D modeling, image system analysis, design and human cognitive technology analysis 2. We propose a 3D object recognition parameter estimation method using FACS algorithm and optimal object recognition measurement method. In this paper, we propose a method to effectively evaluate psychological research techniques using 3D image objects. We studied the 3D 3D recognition and applied the result to the object recognition element to extract and study the characteristic points of the recognition technology.

Iris Image Enhancement for the Recognition of Non-ideal Iris Images

( Mazhar Sajjad ),( Chang-won Ahn ),( Jin-woo Jung ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2016 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.10 No.4

Iris recognition for biometric personnel identification has gained much interest owing to the increasing concern with security today. The image quality plays a major role in the performance of iris recognition systems. When capturing an iris image under uncontrolled conditions and dealing with non-cooperative people, the chance of getting non-ideal images is very high owing to poor focus, off-angle, noise, motion blur, occlusion of eyelashes and eyelids, and wearing glasses. In order to improve the accuracy of iris recognition while dealing with non-ideal iris images, we propose a novel algorithm that improves the quality of degraded iris images. First, the iris image is localized properly to obtain accurate iris boundary detection, and then the iris image is normalized to obtain a fixed size. Second, the valid region (iris region) is extracted from the segmented iris image to obtain only the iris region. Third, to get a well-distributed texture image, bilinear interpolation is used on the segmented valid iris gray image. Using contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) enhances the low contrast of the resulting interpolated image. The results of CLAHE are further improved by stretching the maximum and minimum values to 0-255 by using histogram-stretching technique. The gray texture information is extracted by 1D Gabor filters while the Hamming distance technique is chosen as a metric for recognition. The NICE-II training dataset taken from UBRIS.v2 was used for the experiment. Results of the proposed method outperformed other methods in terms of equal error rate (EER).

한국적(韓國的) 패션디자인에 대(對)한 영국(英國) 패션전문가(專門家)들의 인식(認識) 조사(調査)

박혜원 ( Hye Won Park ) 한국패션비즈니스학회 2004 패션 비즈니스 Vol.8 No.2

The purpose of this study is to find the recognition of Korean image fashion design by U.K fashion specialists. U.K is one of the important countries in design field including fashion design since 1960. For this purpose, literature research and focus individual interview research were carried. First, through the researches precedent, it was found that a national image is related with it`s design industry and what is Korean image fashion design, were studied. Second, for individual interviews to 13 U.K fashion specialists, who are teaching and researching in University that has postgraduate course over M.A and had industrial experiences from 7years to 22years, were progressed using open questions and visual image stimulus. The open questions were consisted with four parts : personal educational and industrial background, recognitions about oriental fashion, recognitions about Korean image and Korean fashion design before seeing the visual stimulus, recognition about Korean image fashion design and the characteristics of Korean after seeing the visual stimulus. The results are as follows; First, the 12 U.K specialists have recognized ``oriental fashion`` is one of important fashion trends now a days. Japan and Japanese designers are recognized as a represented nation and designer in oriental fashion by them. Two of the specialists referred to need changing the term ``oriental`` because the term has been used in the sights of western from colonial age and Japanese is not included the oriental any more. Secondly, 11 interviews have recognized nothing about the Korean national image some of them has negative image due to political situation in Korean Peninsula. However 2 interviews who had been Korea before has positive image. In the questions about Korean fashion and Korean fashion designers, 10 of 13 interviews have nothing and negative recognitions. So it was founded that Korean fashion design was recognized as a lower level by U. K. fashion specialists. Thirdly, in the questions about Korean fashion image and the design characteristics of Korean fashion after seeing the visual stimulus, the response was represented two directions. One is about over decorative image through ethnic design and the other is about simple image differ from Japanese. The 13 interviews felt the Korean Image fashion design such like traditional, decorative, opulent, flat cutting, fresh proportion, loose, layering, natural, simplicity, complicate, adventure, easy, stylish, soft, feminine, young image, adult sexy image. The images were analyzed five image groups : adult sexy image, adult ethnic image, natural image, young avant-garde image, young simple casual image. No one preferred the adult sexy image, adult ethnic image and natural image. However 10 interviews preferred young avant-garde group and 13 interviews preferred the young simple casual image. So this group can be understanded and useful informed as one of competitive power in global fashion industry.

Super-Resolution Iris Image Restoration using Single Image for Iris Recognition

( Kwang Yong Shin ),( Byung Jun Kang ),( Kang Ryoung Park ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2010 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.4 No.2

Iris recognition is a biometric technique which uses unique iris patterns between the pupil and sclera. The advantage of iris recognition lies in high recognition accuracy; however, for good performance, it requires the diameter of the iris to be greater than 200 pixels in an input image. So, a conventional iris system uses a camera with a costly and bulky zoom lens. To overcome this problem, we propose a new method to restore a low resolution iris image into a high resolution image using a single image. This study has three novelties compared to previous works: (i) To obtain a high resolution iris image, we only use a single iris image. This can solve the problems of conventional restoration methods with multiple images, which need considerable processing time for image capturing and registration. (ii) By using bilinear interpolation and a constrained least squares (CLS) filter based on the degradation model, we obtain a high resolution iris image with high recognition performance at fast speed. (iii) We select the optimized parameters of the CLS filter and degradation model according to the zoom factor of the image in terms of recognition accuracy. Experimental results showed that the accuracy of iris recognition was enhanced using the proposed method.

The Effect of the Support from Seoul Foundation for Arts and Culture on Purchasing Intention for Dance Performance

( Yun Jung Lee ),( A Reum Han ),( Hee Jung Seo ),( Seung Tae Chin ),( Sun Jung Kim ) 한국체육학회 2015 국제스포츠과학 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.1

Purpose: Corporates have utilized sports sponsorship and mecenat as a method of corporate communication and as a part of integrated marketing communication. For performing arts, audiences` supports provide the application grounds as a tool of corporate communication. When a corporate supports a cultural organization, corresponding with corporate image and the event`s artistic merit promotion effect are applied orderly as an important decision standard. The researches related to mecenat haven`t been conducted much in Korea; therefore it`s hard to find these researches with academic approach. Thus, it is meaningful to evaluate the value of mecenat`s communication method. The purpose of this was to identify the casual relationship between the support of Seoul Foundation for Arts and Culture and purchasing intention for dance performance. Followings are the specific objectives of this study. First, defining the differences of foundation recognition, trust for foundation, and image for foundation based on recognition of Seoul Foundation for Art and culture`s support. Second, identifying the casual relationship among foundation recognition, trust for foundation, and image for foundation. Third, examining the casual relationship between trust for foundation and image for foundation. Fourth, examining the casual relationship among trust for foundation, image for foundation, and purchasing intention. Fifth, examining the casual relationship between purchasing intention and referral intention. Method: The study used convenience sampling method. 223 samples were collected on-site. The study used 193 samples for the data processing by excluding poorly answered samples. The sample consists of 39 men and 154 women. Among the them, there were 91 students, 53 housewives, 27 professionals, and 22 others.Their average age was 35 years old.The research tool was the questionnaire: one question asking if a participant is a supporter of Seoul Foundation for Arts and Culture; three questions about foundation recognition; three questions about trust for foundation; six questions about image for foundation; five questions about purchasing intention; and four questions about referral intention. Result: SPSS19.0 was used for data processing and the followings are the results. First, the participants` recognition of Seoul Foundation for Arts and Culture`s support makes a significant difference on participants` recognition of foundation, trust for foundation, and image for foundation. Second, the participants` recognition of foundation has significant effects on their trust for foundation and image for foundation.Third, the participants` trust for foundation has significant effects on their image for foundation. Fourth, the participants` trust for foundation and image for foundation have significant effect on their purchasing intention. Finally, the participants` purchasing intention has significant effects on their referral intention. Conclusion: Based on the study result, most of the mecenats need a long-term investment and a huge amount of investment to raise the recognition. However, the actual effect of the mecenats was not proven; so it`s hard for corporates to plan a long-term investment, resulting in low level of corporates` involvement in mecenats. However, it should be noted that mecenat is very effective for product image promotion. The findings of this study clearly shows that mecenat is the effective method for corporate communication.

저화질 영상 인식을 위한 화질 저하 모델 기반 다중 인식기 결합

김인중,류상진 한국정보처리학회 2010 정보처리학회논문지. 소프트웨어 및 데이터 공학 Vol.17 No.3

In this paper, we propose a multiple classifier combination method based on image degradation modeling to improve recognition performance on low-quality images. Using an image degradation model, it generates a set of classifiers each of which is specialized for a specific image quality. In recognition, it combines the results of the recognizers by weighted averaging to decide the final result. At this time, the weight of each recognizer is dynamically decided from the estimated quality of the input image. It assigns large weight to the recognizer specialized to the estimated quality of the input image, but small weight to other recognizers. As the result, it can effectively adapt to image quality variation. Moreover, being a multiple-classifier system, it shows more reliable performance then the single-classifier system on low-quality images. In the experiment, the proposed multiple-classifier combination method achieved higher recognition rate than multiple-classifier combination systems not considering the image quality or single classifier systems considering the image quality. 본 논문에서는 화질 저하 모델에 기반한 다중 인식기 결합을 이용하여 저화질 영상에 대한 인식 성능을 개선하기 위한 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 화질 저하 모델을 이용해 특정 화질에 각각 특화된 복수의 인식기들을 생성한다. 인식 과정에서는 인식기들의 결과를 가중 평균에 의해 결합함으로써 최종 결과를 결정한다. 이 때, 각 인식기의 가중치는 입력 영상의 화질 추정 결과에 따라 동적으로 결정된다. 입력 영상의 화질에 특화된 인식기에는 큰 가중치를, 그렇지 않은 인식기에는 작은 가중치를 지정한다. 그 결과, 입력 영상의 화질 변이에 효과적으로 적응할 수 있다. 뿐만 아니라, 복수의 인식기를 사용하기 때문에 저화질 영상에 대하여 단일 인식 시스템보다 더욱 안정적인 성능을 나타낸다. 제안하는 다중 인식기 결합 방법은 화질을 고려하지 않은 다중 인식기 결합 방법이나, 화질을 고려한 단일 인식 방법과 비교하여 더 높은 인식률을 보였다.

레이져 레이다와 Spin Image를 이용한 자세 독립적 자동 타겟 인식

박장성,방효충 한국항공우주학회 2011 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.11

그동안 수많은 Target recognition 기법들이 개발되어 왔지만, 이러한 기법들은 저해상도의 data를 사용하기 때문에 target 식별력이 낮고, 사용가능한 컴퓨터의 제한적 성능 때문에 성공률이 제한되어왔다. 여기서 소개할 Pose-Independent automatic target recognition 은 Laser Radar의 고해상도 data를 이용하여 data해상도에 따른 제한을 줄이고, Target의 Position에 상관없이 target recognition이 가능한 Spin-image 기반의 기존의 알고리즘을 사용함으로써 target recognition이 어떻게 이루어지는지 살펴 보았다. 또한 기존의 Spin-image를 이용한 방법과는 달리 아이디어를 더하여 제한된 컴퓨터 성능에서도 더 빠른 계산이 가능하도록 단순화한 방법을 사용하였다. 이를 Simple Spin-image라고 하며 이는 1D 배열 형태의 데이터이다. 그런 후, Simple spin-image와 기존의 Spin-image의 target recognition 확률을 비교해 보았다. Laser Radar를 이용하여 Target Recognition을 하게 되면 고해상도의 Data를 이용하여 오차를 줄일 수 있다는 장점 외에도, target과 나의 상대적 위치와 거리를 자세하고 손쉽게 파악이 가능하기 때문에, 이를 이용 정밀 유도 및 착륙 도킹등에 활용하기가 쉽다는 장점이 있다. Although a number of target recognition techniques have been developed, these techniques have had limited success in target discrimination in part due to low resolution data and limits in available computation power. We present a Pose-Independent automatic target recognition that uses high resolution data from 3D Laser Radar. This has little noise by high resolution data and could recognize the target regardless of target's position by using spin-image based algorithm. We just add our simple idea to calculate faster then existing spin-image in low computational power. We call it Simple Spin-image that has a 1D array data. And then we compare probability of recognition between existing and Simple case. Except of advantage of using laser radar, small amount of error by using high resolution data, we can find easily the relative distance information. This information has advantages that can be easily used precision guidance, landing and docking

DETR 기반의 객체 임베딩을 활용한 이미지 검색

반충기,박다영,황영배,이용,장래영,최명석 한국차세대컴퓨팅학회 2022 한국차세대컴퓨팅학회 논문지 Vol.18 No.5

Image retrieval is a problem of finding an image suitable for the purpose of search for a given image. Recent work utilizes a feature map of pre-trained deep learning models from large dataset for image classification to solve the content-based image retrival (CBIR) problem, mainly finding visually similar images. This paper proposes an object-based image retrival (OBIR) problem of finding an image containing an object same as a given image. Traditional image retrieval techniques use global or local features to search for similar images, which makes it difficult to obtain object information if a given image has a complex background or if the object of the image is small. To address this, we propose object embedding and image retrieval techniques using the latest object recognition models, DETR (Detection Transformer) and Bag of Visual Words (BoVW), which can represent object information regardless of background. This paper conduct a comparative experiment with existing image retrieval techniques using COCO data mainly used in object recognition problems and AID, Oxford & Paris data used in existing image retrieval techniques, and show that DETR-based BoVW outperforms existing methods in OBIR problems.

한국의 국가이미지 제고활동 현황과 인식에 관한 연구

염성원 ( Yeom Seong Won ),오경수 ( O Gyeong Su ) 한국PR학회 2003 PR연구 Vol.7 No.2

National image is formed not all the information and experience about a country but part of it. Therefore many country try to develope and inform the symbol which represent their own country, and form a positive national image for its benefit. And, national image forming process can be explained by three routes. That is organization contact route, personal contact route, text contact route. Organization contact route indicate a case that national image is formed by interchange among major organizations like the government, government affiliated organization, international organization and so on. Personal contact route indicate a case that national image is formed by the travel, interpersonal contact, product or service. Text contact route indicate a case that national image is formed by media like book, newspaper, broadcasting, internet, pamphlet, and so on. In case of korea, the government and government affiliated organization do various activities to raise korea national image. Through the organization contact route, korea government, especially ministry of finance and economy, ministry of foreign affairs and trade, ministry of culture & tourism, government information agency, concentrate their activities on cultural and economical interchanged with foreign government and international organization to keep a good relationship. And government affiliated organization like Korea Foundation, Overseas Koreans Foundation, Korea International Cooperation Agency, Korea National Tourism Organization concentrate their activities on the supporting overseas koreanology, benefit of overseas koreans, foreign aid, public relations and so on. But, the operation of these national image elation activities in government and government affiliated organization is so dispersal that low efficiency is frequently pointed out as a problem. Thus, it is very important to organize the cooperation system among the ministries to elude the duplication of national image raising activities. Through the personal contact route, government and government affiliated organization perform various interchange to scholar, opinion leader, youth. But, it seems relatively insufficient to interchange with the foreign pressmen, economist, artist. Through text contact route, korea government and government affiliated organization publish their policy, work, information about korea in book, pamphlet, internet, visual materials and so on. Ministry of culture & tourism and government information agency perform korea national image raising activities by arirang TV, radio broadcasting for foreign people who live in korea, and advertising activity. Also, they serve information by internet about their work, tourism, korean. And, specialist who work in national image raising division thought that korea national image get better from negative image to positive image. But they pointed out many problems which korea have to improve such as social disorder, irrational thinking. And they suggested that korea government, government affiliated organization and citizen group have to make a tight cooperation system to elate korea national image and do various activities persistently in the long term. In recent day, korea try to build a positive national image to be an advanced country. This is because national image is getting more important criteria to judge about a country. Therefore, korea have to expand various work under more systematic strategy for national image improvement.