휴대용 X-Ray 형광기기(XRF)를 이용한 공기중 납농도 평가

안규동,이종천,조광성,김남수,김진호,이성수,이병국 한국산업위생학회 2001 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.11 No.3

This study was performed to compare the lead levels of 20 quality control standard samples(KOSHA:18-2000) and 72 field samples in lead-acid battery manufacturing plant between ICP and portable-XRF methods. 1. While the proficiencies of 20 quality control standard samples by ICP were 100%, those analytic result values by XRF were 75%. 2. The correlation coefficient(r) between the reference values for quality control (REF) and the analytic result values by ICP (ICP) was 1.0(p<0.05), and simple linear regression equation and the coefficient(R2) were REF = -0.0009 + 1.016 ICP and 0.9997, respectively. 3. The correlation coefficient(r) between the analytic result values of quality control standard samples by ICP(ICP and by XRF(XRF) was 0.975(p<0,005), and simple linear regression equation and the coefficient(R2) were ICP = -0.0003 + 1.0002 XRF and 0.950, respectively. 4. The correlation coefficient(r) between the analytic result of personal protection. values for lead samples of a lead-acid battery manufacturing plant by ICP (ICP) and by XRF (XRF) was 0.993(p<0.005). and simple linear regression equation and the coefficient(R2) were ICP=-2.058 + 0.996 XRF and 0.987, respectively. 5. While the frequency distributions of XRF /ICP(Ratio) for each ICP concentration levels in a lead-acid battery manufacturing plant revealed high proportion in ratio rage of 0.876-1.125 than in ration rang of 1.126-1.375. Also, ICP concentration level in ration range of 0.786-1.125 was increased with increase of frequency distribution of XRF/ ICP. 6. The limit of detection of XRF on lead was determined to be 6.11㎍/filter The data presented in this study indicated that relationship for lead level of quality control samples and field samples in a lead -acid battery manufacturing plant by ICP and portable-RF methods was proved. The practicing industrial hygienist can use portable-XRF to produce a rapid on-site determination of lead exposure that can immediately be communicated to workers and help identify appropriate levels of personal protection.

플라이애시를 혼입한 콘크리트의 전위차 적정법과 XRF를 이용한 염화물 침투 분석

서은아,김지현,이호재 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2023 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집 Vol.27 No.5

이 연구는 원전 콘크리트 배합설계를 모사한 콘크리트 시험체에 대하여 염수침지 실험을 수행하였으며, 시험체 깊이에 따른 염화물량과 XRF 성분의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 원전 콘크리트의 표면부의 염화물량은 염수 침지기간이 증가함에 따라 소폭 증가하였으나, 깊이5.5 mm 이상의 콘크리트 시험체 내부 염화물량은 염수 침지기간이 증가함에 증가하는 경향이 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 콘크리트의 염화물량과XRF 성분의 상관관계 분석결과, OPC 배합과 비교하여 FA가 20% 치환된 배합은 XRF 성분분석을 통한 Cl 이온의 구성비율과 염해저항성 평가결과의 상관관계가 매우 높게 나타났다. 이에 따라 FA가 20% 치환된 원전 콘크리트 배합에서는 반복적인 데이터 누적을 통해 XRF 성분분석을 통하여 염소이온분석 및 염해저항성능 평가가 가능함을 확인하였다. In this study, a salt water immersion test was performed on concrete specimens simulating the concrete mix design of the nuclear power plant, and the correlation between the amount of chloride and the XRF component according to the depth of the concrete was analyzed. The amount of chloride on the surface of the nuclear power plant concrete increased slightly with increasing immersion time in salt water, but the amount of chloride in the depth of 5.5 mm or more showed a clear tendency to increase with increasing immersion time in salt water. As a result of analyzing the correlation between the amount of chloride in concrete and the XRF component, the concrete with 20% FA substitution compared with the OPC concrete showed a very high correlation between the composition ratio of Cl ions and the evaluation result of salt damage resistance by XRF component analysis. Accordingly, it was confirmed that chlorine ion analysis and salt damage resistance performance evaluation by XRF component analysis were possible through repeated data accumulation in the nuclear power plant concrete mix with 20% fly ash replacement.

휴대용 XRF와 변질지수를 이용한 강원도 풍촌층 석회암 지역 열수변질에 관한 연구

김성민,윤다은,조성준,강일모,박형동 한국자원공학회 2016 한국자원공학회지 Vol.53 No.6

This study applied alteration indexes to identify and quantitatively classify hydrothermally altered parts of limestones. Major elements in core samples from Gangwon Province, Korea, were measured using a portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyzer, a benchtop XRF analyzer, and a inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, subsequently determining representative alteration indexes such as a alteration Index (AI), and a chloirte-carbonatepyrite index. As a result, the alteration indexes showed enough resolution to classify high quality limestones, dolomites, and sericitized rocks, even though each alteration index was not identical among the different instrumental methods. Because the alteration indexes suggested by previous studies were ineffective in classifying skarns, this study newly defined a skarn alteration index (SAI) for quantitatively identifying limestones and skarns. Sodium indetectable to a portable XRF analyzer seems to be less critical to AI and SAI, which suggests that the indexes can be easily measured at fields using a portable XRF analyzer. 본 연구에서는 석회암 지역의 변질대를 규명하고 정량적으로 분류하기 위해 기존의 변질지수 및 본 연구에서 제안한 변질지수를 이용하였다. 고정밀 XRF, 휴대용 XRF, ICP-AES를 이용한 성분분석 결과를 기존 변질지수인AI (Alteration Index)와 CCPI (Chloirte-Carbonate-Pyrite Index)에 적용한 결과 분석기기에 따른 정확도 차이는 있으나 전체적인 경향은 유사했고, 고품위 석회암, 백운암, 견운모화 변질을 받은 암석 등을 구분할 수 있었다. 기존 변질지수는 스카른 광물 및 금속 광물을 분류하기에 어려움이 있어 본 연구에서는 AI에서 Fe 함량을 추가로 고려하는 스카른변질지수(SAI, Skarn Alteration Index)를 제안하였다. 이를 이용하여 석회암과 스카른을 정량적으로 구분하였고 향후 스카른 광상 탐사에서 유용하게 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. 또한, 변질지수 분석 시 휴대용 XRF가 측정할 수없는 Na의 영향을 평가한 결과 Na가 AI와 SAI의 결과값에 미치는 영향은 미미하였으며 이는 광역적 변질대 파악에있어 다수의 자료를 현장에서 확보할 수 있는 휴대용 XRF의 적용 가능성을 시사한다.

큐펠법과 XRF 분석법을 이용한 금합금의 성분 분석 연구

송정호,이영주,이성훈,강미영,송오성 한국귀금속보석학회 2013 한국귀금속보석학회지 Vol.7 No.3

본 연구에서는 우리나라에서 제조되고 유통되는 금 제품의 함량이 부적절한 함량분석 방법으로 인해서 미달될 수 있는 가능성을 확인하였다. 24K, 18K 황색금, 백색금, 14K 황색금, 백색금의 5가지 제품 군에 대해 각각 5개의 시료를 준비하고 생산 현장에서 많이 활용되는 XRF광분석기(시료 당 5회 측정)와 KS가 규정한 측정법인 회취법(cupellation)으로 함량분석을 실시하였다. 24K 금제품은 3N이상의 제품의 두 분석기기 간 오차율은 1.23‰로 작았으나, 2N제품에서는 오차율이 4.5‰로 증가하였다. 18K 금제품은 황색금의 경우 6.4‰, 백색금의 경우 13.1‰의 분석오차율을 보여 24K 제품의 분석오차율보다 더 커졌다. 마찬가지로 14K의 황색금의 경우 18.2‰, 백색금의 경우 16.5‰의 분석오차율을 나타내었다. XRF검사 시 금의 함량이 낮을수록 분석오차가 커지는 것을 알 수 있었으며 니켈 합금원소가 더 많이 들어가는 백색금이 황색금에 비해 데이터 산포가 더 커졌다. 따라서 금함량의 정량적인 분석을 위해서 XRF는 3N이상의 금제품에 대해서만 한정적으로 분석이 진행되어야 하며 그 이하의 금합금 제품에 대해서는 신뢰성이 매우 떨어지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 금함량의 품질 관리를 위해서는 큐펠법에 의한 분석이 적절하며 XRF에 의한 함량검사는 바람직하지 못함을 확인하였다

Calibration of the XRF-Estimated CaCO3 Content in the Western Tropical Pacific Deep-Sea Sediments

이일택,고태욱,이경은,배시웅,황규찬,김령아 한국해양과학기술원 2022 Ocean science journal Vol.57 No.2

X-ray fluorescence (XRF) scanning, which can be used for the rapid, high-resolution measurement of elements in marine sediments, is advantageous because multiple elements can be simultaneously analysed. However, the use of XRF scan data as quantitative data has limitations. The XRF scanning measures element intensities (cps) of sediments instead of element contents (wt%). In addition, the element intensities are influenced by physical properties, such as water content and lithification. The objective of this study is to establish a calibration method for quantifying the CaCO3 content from XRF Ca data based on comparisons between XRF Ca and inorganic carbon measured CaCO3 contents.

XRF를 이용한 어린이집 보육실내 마감재 중금속 노출연구

박정옥 ( Jeong-ok Park ),최성우 ( Seong-woo Choi ),김수빈 ( Soo-bin Kim ),김도훈 ( Do-hoon Kim ),조정구 ( Jeong-gu Cho ) 한국환경분석학회 2017 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.20 No.1

In this study, hazardous heavy metals used in 1,081 samples from childcare rooms were investigated with X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analyses. Pb > Ba > Zn > Cr > Sb of heavy metals from paints and vinyl sheets were detected in order of descending concentration. A comparison of the analytical results from portable XRF and ICP revealed that, there was a similar tendency although there was a slight difference between the two measured datasets. The evaluation showed that the hazardous heavy metal of the highest concentration was Cd followed by Cr > Cu > Ba > Co > Pb > Sb. Therefore, XRF could be useful for measuring heavy metals above a certain concentration with the primary screening method. To keep childcare rooms healthy, it is necessary to add Ba, Sb and Zn which are contained in high concentrations in interior finishing materials to environmental safety standards.

XRF시스템용 효율적인 Trapezoidal 필터 및 최대값 검출 회로 설계

박철암(Zheyan Piao),정진균(Jin-Gyun Chung) 대한전자공학회 2013 전자공학회논문지 Vol.50 No.6

구간 분할과 영역 분류를 이용한 XRF 스펙트럼의 백그라운드 제거

양상훈(Sanghoon Yang),이재환(Jaehwan Lee),윤숙(Sook Yoon),박동선(Dong Sun Park) 대한전자공학회 2013 전자공학회논문지 Vol.50 No.9

Portable XRF를 이용한 어린이 야외 놀이용품의 중금속 측정

김형진 ( Hyung Jin Kim ),백영만 ( Young Man Baek ),정경훈 ( Kyung Hoon Jung ),홍석연 ( Suk Youn Hong ),허화진 ( Hwa Jin Heo ),성진욱 ( Jin Uk Seong ),박제철 ( Je Chul Park ) 한국환경과학회 2013 한국환경과학회지 Vol.22 No.4

The present study was conducted to judge the applicability of field quality control by children`s goods manufacturers by assessing the contents of heavy metals such as Pb and Cd in outdoor play goods for children through measurement using Portable XRF and comparing the results through detailed analyses using ICP. Heavy metal contents of 711 part samples of 505 products were measured using XRF. According to the results, the ratio of products that exceeded the Pb and Cd content standards specified under the Quality Management and Safety Control of Industrial Products Act were 2.4% and 2.6%. Many products certified for self-regulated safety exceeded the standards and thus it was considered that harmful chemical material centered safety management systems would be necessary. Detailed ICP analyses of some products were compared and the results showed deviations of 0.9∼80.8% from XRF results. The reasons for this are deviations in the characteristics of measured cross sections and the homogeneity of samples resulting from sample preparation methods, etc. Therefore, it is considered that field quality control will be applicable if measuring methods are efficiently established based on product characteristics and calibration curve preparation methods are established through quality control.

휴대용 XRF와 GIS를 이용한 폐광산 지역의 토양오염에 관한 연구

이현규 ( Hyeon Gyu Lee ),최요순 ( Yo Soon Choi ) 한국지리정보학회 2014 한국지리정보학회지 Vol.17 No.3

In this study, soil contamination maps related to Cu and Pb were created at the Busan abandoned mine in Korea using a handheld X-Ray Fluorescence(XRF) and Geographic Information Systems(GIS). Hydrological analysis was performed using the Digital Elevation Model(DEM) of the study area to identify the flow directions of surface runoff where pollutants can be dispersed from the soil contamination sources. 24 locations for measuring the soil contamination related to Cu and Pb were selected by considering the result of hydrological analysis. The results measured at the 24 locations using the handheld XRF showed that the highest value of Cu contamination is 8,255ppm and that of Pb is 2,146ppm. The field investigation data were entered into ArcGIS software, and then soil contamination maps regarding Cu and Pb with a 5m grid-spacing were created after performing spatial interpolations using the ordinary kriging method. As a result, we could know that high concentrations of Cu and Pb are presented at the waste and tailings dumps around the abandoned mine openings. This study also showed that the handheld XRF and GIS can be utilized to create soil contamination maps related to Cu and Pb in the field.