머신러닝 기반의 온실 VPD 예측 모델 비교

장경민 ( Jang Kyeong Min ),이명배 ( Lee Myeong Bae ),임종현 ( Lim Jong Hyun ),오한별 ( Oh Han Byeol ),신창선 ( Shin Chang Sun ),박장우 ( Park Jang Woo ) 한국정보처리학회 2023 정보처리학회논문지. 소프트웨어 및 데이터 공학 Vol.12 No.3

In this study, we compared the performance of machine learning models for predicting Vapor Pressure Deficits (VPD) in greenhouses that affect pore function and photosynthesis as well as plant growth due to nutrient absorption of plants. For VPD prediction, the correlation between the environmental elements in and outside the greenhouse and the temporal elements of the time series data was confirmed, and how the highly correlated elements affect VPD was confirmed. Before analyzing the performance of the prediction model, the amount and interval of analysis time series data (1 day, 3 days, 7 days) and interval (20 minutes, 1 hour) were checked to adjust the amount and interval of data. Finally, four machine learning prediction models (XGB Regressor, LGBM Regressor, Random Forest Regressor, etc.) were applied to compare the prediction performance by model. As a result of the prediction of the model, when data of 1 day at 20 minute intervals were used, the highest prediction performance was 0.008 for MAE and 0.011 for RMSE in LGBM. In addition, it was confirmed that the factor that most influences VPD prediction after 20 minutes was VPD (VPD_y__71) from the past 20 minutes rather than environmental factors. Using the results of this study, it is possible to increase crop productivity through VPD prediction, condensation of greenhouses, and prevention of disease occurrence. In the future, it can be used not only in predicting environmental data of greenhouses, but also in various fields such as production prediction and smart farm control models.

발음보조장치를 이용한 원인불명의 비인강폐쇄부전 치험례

고승오,강성현,엄병구,박윤하 대한구순구개열학회 2018 대한구순구개열학회지 Vol.21 No.1

The nasal and oral cavity must be completely closed off while swallowing, vomiting, blowing, sucking, whistling and speaking oral sounds. This velopharyngeal closure is especially important when producing pressure-sensitive sounds. During normal velopharyngeal (VP) function, posterior third of soft palate moves posterior-superiorly, pharyngeal wall moves anteriorly and medially to form a shape of a sphincter resulting the closure of oral and nasal cavities. Velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD) is a term describing an inappropriate function of VP port which consists of lateral and posterior pharyngeal walls and soft palate. This muscular valve can control the air passage between oro- and nasopharynx. The impairment of velopharyngeal function can be attributed to structural causes, neurologic causes and speech mislearning. Diagnosis of VPD, identifying a critical cause of the dysfunction, can be carried out through physical and oral examination, perceptual speech assessment, radiographic mulitplanar videofluoroscopy and nasendoscopy. Treatment options of VPD include surgical and prosthetic interventions in combination with speech therapy. Speech therapy is the mainstay in treatment of patients with VPD. Prosthetic devices for VPD can be alternative treatment method when surgical approach is not considered. Widely used types of these devices, called speech aids, are palatal lift appliance and speech bulb.

Effective methods for eliminating (NH4)2SiF6 powders generated on Si3N4 wafers processed by HF VPD

Kwon Hyo-Jun,박재근 한국물리학회 2022 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.81 No.9

Si3N4 wafers used for fabricating vertical 3D NAND fash memories are contaminated by various metallic, organic, and inorganic impurities. A process technology to efectively remove (NH4)2SiF6 powders generated on the surface of Si3N4 wafers processed by HF VPD was studied. It was confrmed that (NH4)2SiF6 powders were generated by a chemical reaction between Si3N4 and HF. In addition, the density and diameter of the powders depended on the thickness of the Si3N4 layers. The density of the powder increased from 317 to 2101 ea/mm2 as the thickness of the Si3N4 layer increased from 30 to 70 nm, and then rapidly decreased to 85 ea/mm2 for the 100-nm-thick Si3N4 layer. However, as the thickness of the Si3N4 layer increased from 30 to 70 nm, the diameter (approximately 10 μm) of the powder did not signifcantly change, but rapidly increased to approximately 30 μm when the Si3N4 layer thickness reached 100 nm. This was because more powders were generated by the thicker Si3N4 layer, but the powders generated on the 100-nm-thick Si3N4 layer aggregated more to reduce the surface energy. Moreover, we found that the heating and DIW cleaning processes efectively eliminated the (NH4)2SiF6 powders on the surface of the Si3N4 wafer processed by HF VPD. Furthermore, we determined the optimal heating and cleaning process conditions for complete decomposition: a temperature of 170 °C, time of 120 s, and pressure of 120 Torr in the vacuum oven for the heating process, and a temperature of 25 °C and time of 30 s for the cleaning process. Our proposed method for efectively eliminating (NH4)2SiF6 powder on Si3N4 wafers processed by HF VPD can be applied to monitor the level of impurity contamination in the fabrication process.

연인두기능장애 환자의 언어치료 효과: 사례 보고

최성희(Seong Hee Choi) 대한구순구개열학회 2020 대한구순구개열학회지 Vol.23 No.1

Purpose: Velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD) is most common in cleft palate that can cause hypernasality and/or nasal emission during speech. Although VPD with non-cleft causes often present in clinical practice, in some cases, they may not be properly diagnosed or treated. This case report introduces the effectiveness of speech therapy for patients with velopharyngeal dysfunction due to faulty vocal pattern and articulation habits. Case Report: This report describes the speech therapy for 2 patients with resonance disorders: case 1 patient, a 22-year-old man, produced /i/ vowel only with nasality and case 2 patient, a 24-year-old man, presented moderate hypernasality. For case 1, a total of 8 sessions of speech therapy were conducted once a week, 40 minutes per session using tongue protrusion /i/, yawn-sigh, opening mouth with chewing approach. Case 2 underwent speech therapy (5 sessions, once a week, 40 minutes per session) and facilitating techniques with posture alignment correction and focus method were used. All training sessions were conducted by the same speech-language pathologist. The speech intelligibility test was implemented and nasalance was measured using a nasometer before and after therapy. Significantly improved speech intelligibility and reduced hypernasality were achieved following speech therapy. Conclusions: Inappropriate phonation and articulation habits may cause hypernasality and nasal emission. Tongue protrusion/i/, opening mouth with chewing, yawn-sigh method help reduce hypernasality and nasal emission especially in high vowel /i/ by releasing tongue tension and airflow through the mouth. In addition, posture correction, opening mouth, and focus(voice placement) may be useful as a stimulability technique for patients who have hypernasality to modify the vocal pattern and change the poor articulation habits.

VPD 프로세스를 적용한 휠로더의 동역학 및 내구 해석

최성근(Sungkun Choi),박흥근(Heungkeun Park),장한기(Hankee Jang),명성식(Seongshik Myeong) 한국자동차공학회 2010 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2010 No.11

This paper presents a dynamic and durability analysis of wheel loader using VPD process. In order to predict the dynamic behaviors of the wheel loader during the driving on the road with the bump, the analytical model of wheel loader was built up and the vehicle dynamic analysis was carried out using MSC.ADAMS/Car program. To Verifying the analysis results with experimental data, vertical acceleration of front axle and rear axle/frame were measured. Also, wheel loader was carried out fatigue analysis. From the analysis process, effective analysis method of wheel loader are proposed.

Preharvest Environmental Conditions Affect the Vase Life of Winter-Cut Roses Grown under Different Commercial Greenhouses

인병천,서지연,임진희 한국원예학회 2016 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.57 No.1

The vase life of cut flowers is not only determined by differences between cultivars, but also by growth conditions. For instance, the vase life of cut roses that are grown hydroponically during the winter period often ends at an early stage of maturation due to petal wilting or neck bending. In addition, the vase life of cut roses from different growers varies markedly despite identical postharvest conditions. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, the relationship between preharvest environmental factors, postharvest morphological and physiological factors, and the vase life of cut roses were determined. Cut roses (Rosa hybrid L. cv. Fuego) that were grown hydroponically during winter were harvested from three commercial greenhouses in Korea, and the interrelations between the above-mentioned factors and the vase life of the cut flowers were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA). The vase life of roses varied by 70% among growers in January when the vapor pressure deficit (VPD) differed the most. PCA revealed that preharvest environmental conditions strongly correlated with changes in morphological and physiological characteristics and the vase life of the cut roses. Roses grown under high relative humidity (RH) and low VPD during the winter had less functional stomata and, consequently, higher transpiration from leaves after harvest. This increased transpiration caused shorter vase life in the cut roses. In addition, supplementary lighting, high photosynthetic photon flux, and CO2 supplementation also increased transpiration and, consequently, shortened vase life, although these conditions improved the external quality of the cut roses. Thus, the external quality, i.e., the appearance of the cut flowers, did not directly correspond with the length of vase life of the flowers. This study improves our understanding of the relationship between preharvest conditions and morphological and physiological characteristics and vase life of winter-cut roses.

An Intelligent Wireless Sensor and Actuator Network System for Greenhouse Microenvironment Control and Assessment

Pahuja, Roop,Verma, Harish Kumar,Uddin, Moin Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery 2017 바이오시스템공학 Vol.42 No.1

Purpose: As application-specific wireless sensor networks are gaining popularity, this paper discusses the development and field performance of the GHAN, a greenhouse area network system to monitor, control, and access greenhouse microenvironments. GHAN, which is an upgraded system, has many new functions. It is an intelligent wireless sensor and actuator network (WSAN) system for next-generation greenhouses, which enhances the state of the art of greenhouse automation systems and helps growers by providing them valuable information not available otherwise. Apart from providing online spatial and temporal monitoring of the greenhouse microclimate, GHAN has a modified vapor pressure deficit (VPD) fuzzy controller with an adaptive-selective mechanism that provides better control of the greenhouse crop VPD with energy optimization. Using the latest soil-matrix potential sensors, the GHAN system also ascertains when, where, and how much to irrigate and spatially manages the irrigation schedule within the greenhouse grids. Further, given the need to understand the microclimate control dynamics of a greenhouse during the crop season or a specific time, a statistical assessment tool to estimate the degree of optimality and spatial variability is proposed and implemented. Methods: Apart from the development work, the system was field-tested in a commercial greenhouse situated in the region of Punjab, India, under different outside weather conditions for a long period of time. Conclusions: Day results of the greenhouse microclimate control dynamics were recorded and analyzed, and they proved the successful operation of the system in keeping the greenhouse climate optimal and uniform most of the time, with high control performance.

An Intelligent Wireless Sensor and Actuator Network System for Greenhouse Microenvironment Control and Assessment

( Roop Pahuja ),( Harish Kumar Verma ),( Moin Uddin ) 한국농업기계학회 2017 바이오시스템공학 Vol.42 No.1

Purpose: As application-specific wireless sensor networks are gaining popularity, this paper discusses the development and field performance of the GHAN, a greenhouse area network system to monitor, control, and access greenhouse microenvironments. GHAN, which is an upgraded system, has many new functions. It is an intelligent wireless sensor and actuator network (WSAN) system for next-generation greenhouses, which enhances the state of the art of greenhouse automation systems and helps growers by providing them valuable information not available otherwise. Apart from providing online spatial and temporal monitoring of the greenhouse microclimate, GHAN has a modified vapor pressure deficit (VPD) fuzzy controller with an adaptive-selective mechanism that provides better control of the greenhouse crop VPD with energy optimization. Using the latest soil-matrix potential sensors, the GHAN system also ascertains when, where, and how much to irrigate and spatially manages the irrigation schedule within the greenhouse grids. Further, given the need to understand the microclimate control dynamics of a greenhouse during the crop season or a specific time, a statistical assessment tool to estimate the degree of optimality and spatial variability is proposed and implemented. Methods: Apart from the development work, the system was field-tested in a commercial greenhouse situated in the region of Punjab, India, under different outside weather conditions for a long period of time. Conclusions: Day results of the greenhouse microclimate control dynamics were recorded and analyzed, and they proved the successful operation of the system in keeping the greenhouse climate optimal and uniform most of the time, with high control performance.

비인강 폐쇄 부전증 성인 환자에서 인두피판술 수술 후 객관적 언어평가: 증례보고

박종훈(Jong-Hoon Park),김다와(Da-Wa Kim),석현(Hyun Seok),백진아(Jin-A Baek),고승오(Seung-O Ko) 대한구순구개열학회 2021 대한구순구개열학회지 Vol.24 No.1

The purpose of this study is to objectively evaluate the post-surgical aerodynamic and acoustic characteristics of patients with velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) who received superiorly based pharyngeal flap surgery. Parameters for post-surgical evaluation of speech improvements vary by study designs, and the availability of objective research data is limited. VPI, also known as velopharyngeal Dysfunction (VPD), is a condition in which the soft palate and muscles of the posterior and lateral wall cannot form a velopharyngeal port. Objective evaluation of velopharyngeal closure is essential in the diagnosis and treatment of VPI. Hypernasality and limitations in speech articulation can be managed through various modalities, including speech therapy, speech-aid prosthetics, and surgical interventions. For patients with severe hypernasality, a superiorly based pharyngeal flap is the most commonly used procedure for the surgical correction of VPI. In this study, three patients (two male, one female) status post superiorly based pharyngeal flap surgery for hypernasality and inaccurate pronunciation were evaluated by a speech-language pathologist. Nasometers were used for objective measurement of post-surgical nasalance scores. The study results confirmed a significant and sustained improvement in nasality post superiorly based pharyngeal flap. Nasalance scores improved or reached normal limits during 1-2 months after surgical procedure, but with a tendency to relapse over time.

Real-time Measurement of Grape Fruit Weight

Jun Hong Park(박준홍),Bu Yong Lee(이부용),Deok Yeong Kim(김덕영),Kwang Seop Kim(김광섭),Hye Jeong Jeong(정혜정),Yong Seub Shin(신용습) 한국토양비료학회 2018 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2018 No.10