사회자본과 건강한 노후 - 다층모형(Multilevel Modeling)을 활용한 사회자본의 영향 분석 -

어유경 ( Yugyeong Eo ),김인태 ( Intae Kim ),홍석호 ( Seokho Hong ),김순은 ( Soon Eun Kim ) 한국정책학회 2017 韓國政策學會報 Vol.26 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 노인의 건강한 노후에 대한 사회자본의 영향을 분석하는 것이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 다층모형 접근법(Multilevel Modeling)을 적용하여 사회자본을 개인 및 지역 수준으로 나누어 분석하였으며, 결속적 사회자본과 가교적 사회자본의 개념을 적용하여 노인 개인의 건강에 미치는 영향을 이론적으로 설명하고자 하였다. 개인 수준의 사회자본은 노인 개인의 신뢰, 네트워크, 참여에 대한 인식 수준을 통해 측정하였으며, 이를 위해 32개 기초지방정부 내 65세 이상 노인 1,060명을 대상으로 실시된 설문을 활용하였다. 지역 수준의 사회자본은 지역별 신뢰 평균, 다양한 결사체의 수, 지방선거 투표율 등을 통해 측정하였다. 연구 결과, 개인 수준의 사회자본이 높을수록 노인의 주관적 건강 수준은 높았다. 지역 수준의 사회자본의 경우, 일반화된 신뢰 수준이 높을수록, 종교단체, 자원봉사단체, 정치단체, 산업 및 전문가 단체의 수가 많을수록, 정보공개청구율이 높을수록 노인의 주관적 건강 수준이 높았다. 반면 지역주민 신뢰 수준이 높을수록, 시민운동단체 및 노동조합의 수가 많을수록 노인의 주관적 건강 수준이 낮았다. 요컨대 노인과의 긍정적인 관계에 기반을 둔 사회자본은 노인의 건강을 증진시켰으나, 노인과 관계가 없는 사회자본은 노인의 건강에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 못하거나 오히려 악영향을 미쳤다. 위와 같은 분석결과를 토대로 사회자본을 통해 노인의 건강을 증진시키기 위한 정책적 방안들을 제안하였다. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of social capital on the healthy aging of the elderly. Multilevel modeling was used to analyze social capital at individual and regional levels. Also, we applied the concepts of `bonding social capital` and `bridging social capital` to explain the theoretical impact of local social capital on the health of elderly individuals. Individual social capital was measured by the elderly person`s perception of trust, networks, and participation. For this purpose, a survey conducted on 1,060 persons over 65 years old in 32 provincial governments was used. Local-level social capital was measured by the average level of trust among local residents, number of various associations, local election turnout and so on. The results showed that higher levels of individual social capital were linked to a higher subjective health status for the elderly. However, results were mixed regarding the impact of local social capital. Higher generalized levels of trust, greater numbers of religious, volunteer, political, industry and professional organizations, and higher information disclosure application rates were linked to a higher subjective health status for the elderly. On the other hand, higher levels of trust among local residents and greater numbers of civil movement organizations and labor unions were linked to a lower subjective health level for the elderly. These results imply that social capital can promote healthy aging if it is based on a positive relationship with the elderly, but that it may have insignificant or adverse effects if it is not related to the elderly. Based on this analysis, policy measures were proposed to improve the health of the elderly through social capital.

학술세션Ⅰ : 지식경영과 소셜미디어 ; 사회적 자본이 소셜 네트워킹 서비스의 지속사용의도에 미치는 영향: 조직시민행동의 매개적 역할

정남호,송효근,구철모 한국지식경영학회 2014 지식경영 학술심포지움 Vol.2014 No.-

This study examined the effect of social capital and organization citizenship behavior for continuous intention to use on social networking service (SNS). The authors divided a dimension of social capital into bridging and bonding social capital, and a dimension of organization citizenship behavior (OCB) into OCB-Individual (OCBI) and OCB-Organization (OCBO). In addition to, this study suggested social capital would influence on OCB, and a part of OCB would result in continuous intention to use on SNS. The authors surveyed Facebook users and conducted structural equation model analysis based on the result from the survey by using PLS program. Then, the results revealed that both bridging social capital and bonding social capital influence on OCB, however, bridging social capital have a stronger impact on OCB than bonding social capital. Also, the result verified that OCBO had an association with continuous intention to use SNS, while OCBI had a no association with continuous intention to use SNS. This result expanded the scope of social capital and OCB in literature academically in SNS. Furthermore, practical implication for social networking service practitioners were followed.

해충 분류를 위한 양방향 특징 퓨전 기반의 Pyramid Vision Transformer

홍은하(Eun-Ha Hong),이재현(Jae-Hyeon Lee),손창환(Chang-Hwan Son),이휘종(Hwijong Yi) 한국정보기술학회 2022 Proceedings of KIIT Conference Vol.2022 No.6

해충은 인간을 공격하여 물리적인 피해를 주고 작물을 갉아먹어 작물의 생육 환경에 피해를 준다. 지구온난화로 인한 기온 상승으로 인해 해충이 번식하기 좋은 환경이 되어 발생 면적이 늘어나고 있다. 해충으로 인한 피해를 줄이기 위해서는 해충의 종류에 따른 신속한 방제가 중요하다. 해충은 크기가 작고 종류가 다양해 전문가의 판단이 필요하다. 이는 많은 시간과 비용이 소요된다. 따라서 전이학습 기반의 딥러닝 모델을 사용한 해충 분류 자동화 기술이 필요하다. 전이학습 기반의 모델인 Pyramid Vision Transformer(PVT)를 개선하여 해충분류를 위한 새로운 아키텍처를 제안해 해충 분류 성능을 높이고자 한다. Pest attack humans, causing physical damage and devouring crops, causing damage to the growing environment of crops. Due to the increase in temperature due to global warming, the area of occurrence is increasing as it is a favorable environment for pests to breed. In order to reduce the damage caused by pests, prompt control according to the type of pest is important. Pests are small in size and diverse, so expert judgment is required. This takes a lot of time and money. Therefore, a pest classification automation technology using a deep learning model based on transfer learning is required. By improving the Pyramid Vision Transformer (PVT), a transfer learning-based model, a new architecture for pest classification is proposed to improve pest classification performance.

사회적 자본과 학교적응과의 관계 - 가족, 학교, 지역사회 내 사회적 자본을 중심으로 -

김경식,최성보,이현철 한국교원대학교 교육연구원 2009 敎員敎育 Vol.25 No.2

The purpose of this study is to examine the relation structure between social capital and school adaptation. To conduct the purpose of this study, this study uses a sample from the Korea Youth Panel Survey 4th data(n=2,844), and examines how and to what degree 4 latent variables and 30 observed variables influence school adaptation. The structural equation modeling analysis is used, and the results are as following: First, the social capital at family is effecting to school adaptation. Also it has influence on the social capital at school and community. These result suggest that the social capital at family is gist factor. Second, the social capital at school is effecting to school adaptation. When consider observed variables of social capital at school, these result provide that the relationship between teachers and students has the most significant influence on school adaptation. Finally, school adaptation is affected by social capital at community which is consisted of the level of community control to students. Consequently, this study implies that school adaptation is affected by social capital. Base on these results, we should have a program to improve a low class students' social capital at family and to change the social capital at school and community for students who are feeling to difficult about school adaptation. 본 연구에서는 청소년패널조사(Korea Youth Panel Survey)를 활용하여 학교적응도에 영향을 주는 가정, 학교, 지역사회 내 사회적 자본을 중심으로 해당 요인들 간의 종합적인 인과관계를 분석하였다. 연구결과에 따르면 학교적응에 대하여 가족 내 사회적 자본, 학교 내 사회적 자본 그리고 지역사회 내 사회적 자본 모두가 직간접적으로 영향력을 행사하고 있음을 확인 할 수 있었으며, 이를 통해 학교적응에 대한 사회적 자본의 영향력을 실증적으로 확인할 수 있다. 이러한 결과는 학교적응에 실패하고 있는 취약계층 아동들에 대한 사회 자본을 활용한 다양한 접근의 가능성을 시사한다고 할 수 있다.

지역단위의 사회적자본 측정에 관한 연구 대전시의 사례를 중심으

최길수,정영윤 충북연구원 2014 지역정책연구 Vol.25 No.1

Social capital is assumed to be an important asset for individuals, groups, and communities because it not only increases economic growth but also gives access to resources that are important obtaining social support and achieving political power. In expanding Coleman’s definition, Putnam(1995) defines social capital as “connections among individuals-social networks and the norms of reciprocity and trustworthiness that arise from them.” Social capital inheres in and derives from the networks of people. Korea also recognizes that social capital is one of major resources for social growth, many subsequent empirical studies have focused on how social capital or social networks are associated with trust, civic engagement, or norms of reciprocity. However, these empirical findings are not associated with a standard measurement of social capital in local area. Therefore this study is to develop social capital measurement indicators to analyse interaction between social capital and local communities, and to measure and examine standards and realities of Korean social capital combined with local communities through conduction a survey with the developed social capital indicators. Based on the World Bank research on measuring social capital of local community conducted 2004, this study is centered on three basic sets of indicators of social capital: membership in associations and networks(structural social capital), trust(cognitive social capital), and collective action(an output measure). The data for this study were collected in Daejeon in 2013 and are analyzed to get understanding of the relationship between networks and trust as two input social capital and collective action as an output measure. After conducting a general analysis using the social capital indicators, key findings are as follows: the level of membership in associations and networks in Daejeon shows degrees middle the average and the level of trust is a relatively high. However the level of collective action, such as participation, consideration and social cohesion, is low. The results of our analyses support a lack of access to social networks reduces access to voluntary associations. This result calls our attention to cohesion in social networks as a critical factor for social capital. -

Social Capital and Depressive Symptoms of Multicultural Adolescents in Korea : A Latent Profile Analysis

Eunjoo Kim,Min Kyung Song 한국간호과학회 2021 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

Aim(s): Social capital has been reported to be associated with depression in adolescents. In general, adolescents with migration backgrounds are known to lack social capital. By employing a latent profile analysis (LPA) for the specification of social capital among multicultural adolescents, depression interventions can be explored through the framework of social capital. The purpose of this study was to identify distinct latent profile of social capital in multicultural adolescents, and to explore the depressive symptoms of multicultural adolescents in those profiles. Method(s): A total of 1,244 samples were used as data from the Multicultural Youth Panel Survey (MAPS) which was conducted for 3rd grade middle school students in 2016. A latent profile analysis was used to identify profiles by different social capital classes, and a one-way analysis of variance was used to evaluate the differences in depression between profiles. Result(s): A latent profile analysis indicated four profiles: 1) high overall social capital (19.5%), 2) high interpersonal–intraschool social capital (6.7%), 3) high extraschool social capital (6.1%), and 4) low overall social capital (67.7%). As a result of analyzing the differences in depression among multicultural adolescents by social capital sub-profile, there were differences in the level of depressive symptoms (F=42.65, p<.001). The high overall social capital group had the lowest level of depressive symptoms (13.91±4.43), and the depressive symptoms scores of the high interpersonal-intraschool social capital and high extraschool social capital groups were 16.49±5.27 and 16.74±4.95, respectively. The low overall social capital group had the highest level of depressive symptoms (18.07±5.25). Conclusion(s): These findings provide insight to explain the interplay between social capital and depressive symptoms among multicultural adolescents. Nursing interventions considering social capital are needed to reduce depression in multicultural adolescents.

부모의 경제자본이 중학교 영어 학습자의 사회자본과 영어성취도에미치는 효과

김용석 ( Yong-suk Kim ) 한국실천공학교육학회 2021 실천공학교육논문지 Vol.13 No.1

The purpose of this research was to examine the effect of parents’ economic power on the students’ English achievement in the middle school and to clarify whether or not the parents’ economic capital was transformed into students’ social capital, which would depend upon the parents’ economic capital. This study also investigated the degree of the effect of both the students’ social capital in the family and social capital outside the family on English achievement. Two variables like parents’ total income and the education fee for private education were used for the economic capital, and the variables such as the communication with parents, emotional help, academic help were for the social capital in the family. The variable of the social capital outside the family included students’ class attitude, communication with teachers, the relationship with classmates, etc. This study provided a research model to get the answer for the research questions and, using the latent growth model, analyzed the initial value and slope of the 3 years longitudinal data as the time went. The result was that both parents’ total income and private education for the economic capital had an influence on the students’ English achievement, but not on their social capital. The fee for private education of the both variables only impacted the social capital. The social capital in the family affected the social capital outside the family in the research model. The social capital in the family had a negative effect on students’ English achievement, but the social capital outside the family influenced positively on it. In conclusion, the fee for the private education among parents’ economic capital not only affected students’ English achievement, but also was changed into their social capital, which made a difference in their English ability.

보험영업 팀의 사회적 자본과 팀 유효성 -거래적 리더십의 조절효과-

이정민,박동수,김수희 한국기업경영학회 2011 기업경영연구 Vol.18 No.1

It has been a conventional wisdom that the more a team utilizes the social capital in a team, the better the performance of the team with some positive moderating effect of transactional leadership of the team leader. By presenting a frame work of the cognitive, social, and behavioral complexities of leadership, Hooijberg, Hunt, and Dodge (1997) indicated that good leaders need to have a good understanding of their own emotions as well as those of others, and are able to regulate their own emotions when interacting with others. Literature review gives us some definition of social capital within the team, and implies the moderating role of transactional leadership in the relationship between the social capital and the team leadership effectiveness. This study examines empirically the relationship of social capital configuration and organizational effectiveness among sales teams in insurance companies in Korea. Also, it attempts to identify any moderating effect of transactional leadership in the relationship. Research data were collected through questionnaire survey and used for empirical analysis. Along with reliability and validity test, correlation and multiple regression analysis were done for the data to verify the hypotheses proposed in the study. Conclusions of this study are as follows. First, trust in team leader and other’s emotional appraisal(OEA) were shown as affecting positive (+) influence to the organizational commitment. However, task interdependence, self-emotional appraisal(SEA), and use of emotions(UOE) appeared as not affecting to the organizational commitment from the result of verifying a hypothesis that social capital would affect positive (+) influence to the organizational commitment. Second, team member’s superior confidence in team leader and self-emotional appraisal, use of emotions, and regulation of emotions(ROE) were shown as affecting positive (+) influence to the job satisfaction from verifying a hypothesis that social capital would affect positive (+) influence on the job satisfaction. Third, for the moderating role of transactional leadership, conditional compensation appeared as not working as one of moderators in the relations of independent variables and dependent variables. Instead, conditional compensation was shown as affecting directly both the organizational commitment and job satisfaction as an independent variable. Exceptional management was indicated as having some moderating role in the relations between independent variables and dependent variables. That is, exceptional management was moderating in the relations between trust in team leader and organizational commitment, in the relations between self-emotional appraisal and organizational commitment, in the relations between use of emotions and organizational commitment, and in the relations between self-emotional appraisal and job satisfaction. One of the theoretical contribution of the study could be an empirical application of the three component construct of the social capital. Though there were many theories on the construct of social capital, this study used three component version of social capital: structural aspects, relational aspects, and cognitive aspects. as proposed by Nahapiet and Ghoshal (1998). So far in other preceding researches “trust in superior” has been used mostly for its cognitive components. In this study, we attempt to apply emotional intelligence as a proxy for the cognitive component of human network relations in social capital. This implies that cognitive level of information can be converted into knowledge by personal cognitive ability in the social situations. Thus, by understanding the social situations and meaningful relationships among the members, an emotionally intelligent group can create some degree of value to the group with different cognitive characteristics within the organization by enhancing the group process for achieving the group goals. Consequently, this study used emot... 본 연구는 사회적 자본과 거래적 리더십에 대한 중요성을 보험영업팀에 대한 실증 조사를 통하여 파악하고자 하였다. 사회적 자본의 구성요소인 과업상호의존성과 상사신뢰 및 감성지능이 팀 유효성의 대리변수인 직무만족과 팀몰입에 미치는 영향을 파악하고 아울러 조절 변수로서 팀장의 거래적 리더십에 따라서 사회적 자본이 팀원의 팀 유효성에 미치는 영향에 어떠한 차이가 있는가를 검증하였다. 연구결과를 보면 상사신뢰가 높을수록 팀몰입과 직무만족이 높은 것으로 나타났으며 감성조절이 높을수록 팀몰입과 직무만족이 높은 것으로 나타났으며 감성이해와 감성 활용이 높을수록 직무만족이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 상사신뢰와 감성이해, 감성조절이 높을 때 예외적 관리를 하면 팀몰입이 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 감성이해가 높을 때 예외적 관리가 직무만족을 높이는 것으로 나타났다.

균형적 관점에서 본 사회자본의 재검토 및 개발방향

박태정 ( Tae Jeong Park ) 한국사회보장학회 2010 사회보장연구 Vol.26 No.4

This paper examines how social capital has to be developed. I wish to provide critical discussion of key issues related to function of social capital. With this perspective, I did in-depth theoretical analysis about social capital so that found out its main capability and meaning. Second, as I intended to figure out the sense of social capital in social welfare, I compared the proper side with the reverse side about social capital. The existence of negative social capital that can delay or cancel out the positive effects of social programs. Third, based on trilogy of social capital, to understand multi-dimensional character of social capital, this paper concludes by offering the ``micro-mezzo-macro levels`` framework in developing social capital. And it is suggested that we should include applied social services focusing on the possibilities of developing new social capital.

The Impact of Workplace Democracy on Social Capital: The Moderating Effect of Servant Leadership

Yiran LI,Kwancheol SONG 한국유통과학회 2019 The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business( Vol.10 No.7

Purpose - Unlike in the past, individualistic thought is more dominant than groupism where members prioritize organizations. Such changes run counter to the direction of the survival of the companies, which calls for companies to explore strategies to address thems. As one of the solutions, many people highlights social capital. However, since most studies have been conducted on the definition and characteristics of social capital, there is not enough prior factor research on the formation of social capital. So the current situation require researches on the formation of social capital. Research design, data, and methodology - To achieve the purpose, the literature and the empirical studies were combined. Deriving workplace democracy and servant leadership as factors affecting the formation of social capital through the literature, and this factors have modeled assumptions about the impact on social capital, and have established hypotheses to verify them. The survey which is conducted to verify the hypothesis and questionnaires are derived base on the variables used in the previous studies. The survey was conducted 447 respondents in Korea. Results - As a result, we found that the workplace democracy is positively functioning with the formation of social capital. It means that the democracy functions as a universal element to enhance the quality of social capital at the workplace. The evidence also shows that the positive impacts of the servant leadership on the formation of social capital. And the survey shows that groups with high level servant leadership had a higher impact on the formation of social capital than those with low levels leadership. Conclusions – At present, the social capital has become an important factor for the companies pursuing high performance workplaces. We found that the workplace democracy and the servant leadership affect the formation of social capital. It means that to increase the employees’ sense of community and solidarity, it is need to form democratic environment with the servant leadership. Therefore, based on the results of this study, the workplace democracy and the servant leadership can present strategic implications that can increase the social capital.