열공형과 비열공형 피질하 혈관성 치매에서 위험인자의 차이에 관한 비교 연구

배희준,정지향,유경호,나덕렬,김상윤,최경규,양동원,손의주,이상도,김재우,박경원,김응규,이재홍,박미영,한일우,함동석,최문성,하충건,최성혜,이애영,이병철,한설희 대한치매학회 2003 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.2 No.2

Backgrounds and Objectives: Vascular dementia is a group of dementing disoders arising from various stroke syndrome. Among these. subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD) is regarded as a relatively distinct clinical entity. However, MRI patterns of SIVD are not homogenous. In some patients, lacunes are dominant, and in others, subcortical white matter changes are. This study was designed to compare risk factor profiles between SIVD with and without multiple lacunes. Methods: We divided 47 subjects (22 males, mean age. 68 years) recruited from VADAPET (Multicenter Trial For Evaluation Of The Changes In the PET Images Of Subcortical Vascular Dementia Patient) study into two groups one with more than 5 lacunes in deep gray matter (lacune group) and the other with 5 or less(non-lacune group) Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of two groups were compared. Results: Nineteen of 47 patients (40%) belonged to the lacune group. The lacune and non-lacune groups d d not differ in the following variables: age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia heart disease, history of stroke or TIA, history of trauma or major surgery, family history of hypertension stroke, or dementia, age at diagnosis of dementia, body mass index, white blood cell count, ESR, CRP, fibrinogen, hemoglobin A1C, total cholesterol. LDL cholesterol creatinine, proteinuria, glucosuria, and microhematuria. However, male sex, smoking alcohol. hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were possibly associated more with lacune group SIVD than with non-lacune group (p<0 1) Multivariate analyses revealed that smoking, hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were independent predictors of SIVD with multiple lacunes Conclusion: Our study suggests that SIVD with multiple lacunes may be significantly different in smoking habits hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol from SIVD without multiple lacunes.

위 정맥류 출혈에서 식도-위 주위 혈관 제거술 및 위저부 절제술의 의의

이남준(Nam-Joon Yi),한호성(Ho-Seong Han),김영우(Young-Woo Kim),민석기(Seog-Ki Min),최용만(Yong-Man Choi),이선영(Sun-Young Yi),유권(Kwon-Yu),이한주(Han-Chu Lee) 대한외과학회 2001 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research Vol.61 No.4

High Prevalence of <i>Bla_CTX-M</i> Group Genes in <i>Aeromonas dhakensis</i> Isolated from Aquaculture Fish Species in South Korea

YI, Seung-Won,CHUNG, Tae-Ho,JOH, Seong-Joon,PARK, Chul,PARK, Byoung-Yong,SHIN, Gee-Wook The Japanese Society of Veterinary Science 2014 The Journal of veterinary medical science Vol.76 No.12

<P>The prevalence of resistant genes against β-lactams in 119 <I>Aeromonas</I> strains was determined. A large number (99.2%) of the present fish strains were resistant to one or more β- lactams including ceftiofur, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ampicillin, piperacillin and cefpodoxime. Among antibiotic resistance phenotypes, the simultaneous resistance to all β-lactams occurred in 25.2% (n=30) of all strains, which consisted of 18 strains of <I>A. dhakensis</I>, 8 strains of <I>A. caviae</I>, 2 strains of <I>A. hydrophila</I> and only one strain of <I>A. veronii</I>. For exploring genetic background of the antibiotic resistances, multiple PCR assays were subjected to detect β-lactamase-encoding genes, <I>bla<SUB>TEM</SUB></I>, <I>bla<SUB>OXA-B</SUB></I> and <I>bla<SUB>CTX-M</SUB></I>. In the results, the <I>bla<SUB>TEM-1</SUB></I> gene was harbored in all strains, whereas only 3 strains harbored <I>bla<SUB>OXA</SUB></I> gene. In the case of <I>bla<SUB>CTX-M</SUB></I> gene, the gene was detected in 21.0% (25 out of 119) of all strains, which countered with 80% (20 out of 25) of <I>A. dhakensis</I>, 8% (2 out of 25) of <I>A. caviae</I> and 12% (3 out of 25) of <I>A. hydrophila</I>. In addition, most of the <I>bla<SUB>CTX-M</SUB></I> positive strains showed simultaneous resistance to all β-lactams (18 out of 30 strains). In sequence analysis for <I>bla<SUB>CTX-M</SUB></I> genes detected, they were CTX-M group 1-encoding genes including <I>bla<SUB>CTX-M-33</SUB></I> from 3 eel strains of <I>A. dhakensis</I>. Therefore, <I>A. dhakensis</I> obtained from cultured fish could represent a reservoir for spreading genes encoding CTX-M group 1 enzymes and hence should be carefully monitored, especially for its potential risk to public health.</P>

한국재래산양의 심장골격에 관한 해부학적 연구

이성준,이흥식,김진상 대한해부학회 1991 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.24 No.1

경추부에 발생한 골막성 연골종의 증례 보고 : Case Report

이형중,김영수,이형석,이승로,함창곡,고용,오성훈,오석전,김남규,김광명 대한신경외과학회 1995 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.24 No.5

The authors experienced a case of cervical periosteal chondroma presenting with symptom of spinal cord compression in 26-year-old woman. The diagnosis was based on the characteristic features of computed tomographic scan and magnetic resonance imaging scan. Total surgical removal in two-staged operation was followed by full neurological recovery. column was observed and rarely reported in this literature.

Can Sorafenib Increase Survival for Re current Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Liver Transplantation?

( Seong Hee Kang ),( Eun Ju Cho ),( Joon Yeul Nam ),( Young Chang ),( Hyeki Cho ),( Young Youn Cho ),( Jeong-hoon Lee ),( Su Jong Yu ),( Yoon Jun Kim ),( Nam-joon Yi ),( Kwang-woong Lee ),( Kyung-suk 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1

Aims: The efficacy of sorafenib in post liver transplantation ( LT) era has been rarely studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of sorafenib in patients with HCC recurrence after LT. Methods: Consecutive patients who developed HCC recurrence after LT were included. Treatment outcome was investigated in terms of survival from recurrence or from untreatable presentation/progression (UP) by Cox regression analyses with event times left-truncated at the time of UP. Results: Of a total of 90 patients, 45 received sorafenib treatment (31 sorafenib, 14 sorafenib and second line cytotoxic chemotherapy) and 45 received cytotoxic chemotherapy or best supportive care only (20 cytotoxic chemotherapy, 25 best supportive care). The baseline characteristics of two groups were well balanced, with treatment period related imbalances regarding mTOR-based immunosuppression and number of treatment after recurrence, significantly higher in the sorafenib group. Survival after recurrence was not significantly different between two groups. However, in patients who developed extrahepatic metastases without intrahepatic recurrence, those treated with sorafenib and/or systemic chemotherapy showed a better survival rate than those receiving best supportive care only (median survival from recurrence: 18.1 vs. 4.2 months, HR=0.18, P=0.003; median survival from UP: 19.4 vs. 4.5 months, HR=0.07, P=0.001). In the multivariate analysis, the only factor associated with survival after HCC recurrence was treatment with sorafenib and/or cytotoxic chemotherapy (HR=0.07; P=0.001). On the contrary, neither sorafenib nor cytotoxic chemotherapy demonstrated meaningful efficacy in patients who developed intrahepatic recurrence with/without extrahepatic metastases. Conclusions: In patients with post-transplant HCC recurrence, sorafenib seems to be effective in extrahepatic metastatic tumor; however, it has limited efficacy in the treatment of intrahepatic recurrence.

SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant Breakthrough Infection and Onward Secondary Transmission in Household

Yi Seonju,Kim Jong Mu,최영준,Hong Sujin,Choi Siwon,Ahn Seong Bae,Kim Miya,Park Young-Joon 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.1

Background: Despite the extraordinary speed of mass vaccination efforts, an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) delta variant in a vaccinee with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccine was identified in an adult day service center (ADSC) of Jeju, South Korea. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the epidemiologic features in infection-vulnerable facilities with a high vaccination rate of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. The second was to estimate the secondary transmission prevention effect of the vaccine in the household members by vaccination status. Methods: We included all ADSC participants, staff and their household members. All COVID-19 infected cases were confirmed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. We calculated attack rate in ADSC and the secondary attack rate (SAR) in household members by vaccination status. Results: Among a total of 42 participants and 16 staff, of which 96.6% were fully vaccinated with BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, 12 symptomatic cases and 13 asymptomatic confirmed cases of COVID-19 were found. The attack rate was 43.1%, with 13 isolates identified as SARS-CoV-2 virus, delta variant. The SAR in unvaccinated and partially vaccinated household members were 27.8% (5/18) and 25.0% (5/20), respectively, while the SAR in fully vaccinated household members was 12.5% (1/8). Conclusion: We describe a SARS-CoV-2 delta variant outbreak in ADSC with high vaccine coverage rate, characterized by high infection rate, high transmissibility, and low clinical severity. The outbreak proceeded to unvaccinated or partially vaccinated household members, emphasizing the need for immunizing close contacts of high-risk groups.

Perks in Long-term Contracts

( Yi Li Chien ),( Min Seong Kim ),( Joon Song ) 한국경제학회 2013 The Korean Economic Review Vol.29 No.1

PerRs are a commodity bundle offered by an employer to an employee. We provide two dynamic models. Firstm we assume non-separable utility function between effort and both of a perR good and money, extending Bennardo, Chiappori and Song (2010). There are two forces affecting the incentive compatibility constraint: higher promised utility mares the incentive compatibility constraint more binding, and if the higher promised utility is too costly then a principal may reduce the implemented effort. When the first effect is stronger than the second, the principal gives more perR good as successful outcomes accumulate. In the second model, an agent can save money privately (i.e. hidden saving), but not a perR good. Increasing monetary payment today mares it more difficult to satisfy the today`s hidden saving constraint, but mares it easier to satisfy the yesterday`s hidden saving constraint. When the second effect is larger than the first, the principal gives more perR as successful outcomes accumulate.

Wedge Shape Cage in Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion : Focusing on Changes of Lordotic Curve

Kim, Joon-Seok,Oh, Seong-Hoon,Kim, Sung-Bum,Yi, Hyeong-Joong,Ko, Yong,Kim, Young-Soo The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2005 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.38 No.4

Objective : Lumbar lordotic curve on L4 to S1 level is important in maintaining spinal sagittal alignment. Although there has been no definite report in lordotic value, loss of lumbar lordotic curve may lead to pathologic change especially in degenerative lumbar disease. This study examines the changes of lumbar lordotic curve after posterior lumbar interbody fusion with wedge shape cage. Methods : We studied 45patients who had undergone posterior lumbar interbody fusion with wedge shape cage and screw fixation due to degenerative lumbar disease. Preoperative and postoperative lateral radiographs were taken and one independent observer measured the change of lordotic curve and height of intervertebral space where cages were placed. Segmental lordotic curve angle was measured by Cobb method. Height of intervertebral space was measured by averaging the sum of anterior, posterior, and midpoint interbody distance. Clinical outcome was assessed on Prolo scale at 1month of postoperative period. Results : Nineteen paired wedge shape cages were placed on L4-5 level and 6 paired same cages were inserted on L5-S1 level. Among them, 18patients showed increased segmental lordotic curve angle. Mean increased segmental lordotic curve angle after placing the wedge shape cages was $1.96^{\circ}$. Mean increased disc height was 3.21mm. No cases showed retropulsion of cage. The clinical success rate on Prolo's scale was 92.0%. Conclusion : Posterior lumbar interbody fusion with wedge shape cage provides increased lordotic curve, increased height of intervertebral space, and satisfactory clinical outcome in a short-term period.

홍삼유출액으로부터 Diaion HP - 20수지 흡착법에 의한 조사포닌의 분리

곽이성(Yi-Seong Kwak),경종수(Jong-Soo Kyung),김시관(Si-Kwan Kim),위재준(Jae-Joon Wee) 한국식품영양과학회 2001 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.30 No.1

본 연구는 수삼을 증숙하여 홍삼을 제조할 때 부산물로 생성되는 홍삼유출액으로부터 인삼의 유효성분인 사포닌을 회수하기 위하여 시도되었다. 유출액에서 조사포닌의 분리는 사포닌을 선택적으로 흡착한다고 알려진 Diaion HP-20수지를 이용하였다. 조사포닌의 분리는 Diaion HP-20 수지에 홍삼유출액을 흡착시킨 후 물과 25% 주정으로 비사포닌성분을 1차적으로 제거하였다. 이후 95% 주정으로 용출함으로써 목적하는 조사포닌 성분을 분리할 수 있었다. 홍삼제조시 포집한 홍삼유출액의 수분함량은 90.54%이었고 이것을 농축한 홍삼유출액 농축물의 수분함량은 35.0%이었다. 홍삼유출액 농축물에서 비사포닌 및 조사포닌의 분리수율은 각각 85.30 및 12.05%(건물 중량 %)이었다. 분리된 유출액조사포닌을 TLC로 분석한 결과 사포닌 패턴은 백삼, 홍삼으로부터 분리된 것과 거의 동일한 패턴을 나타내었다. HPLC로 분석한 결과에서도 홍삼유출액 농축물에서 분리된 조사포닌의 개별 사포닌들은 백삼, 홍삼과 거의 유사한 패턴을 나타내었다. 그러나 홍삼유출액 농축물의 사포닌 함량이 12.10%로 백삼, 홍삼의 3.30% 및 3.39%보다 높았고 total ginsenoside함량도 5.53%로 백삼, 홍삼의 1.17%, 1.22%보다 월등히 높은 경향을 나타내었다. 분리된 조사포닌의 사포닌 순도는 홍삼유출액 농축물, 백삼, 홍삼의 경우 각각 45.9, 35.5, 36.0%로 홍삼유출액 농축물>홍삼>백삼의 순으로 홍삼유출액 농축물이 가장 높은 순도를 나타내었다. This study was carried out to isolate saponin compounds from red-ginseng efflux, which was produced during the industrial processing of red-ginseng from fresh ginseng. We isolated crude saponin from the efflux extract (moisture content 35.0%) by using Diaion HP-20 adsorption method. Non-saponin fraction, which was adsorbed on Diaion HP-20 resin, was removed by eluating with H₂O and 25% spirit. Then crude saponin was eluated with 95% spirit, continuously. Saponin in the eluated fractions was confirmed by TLC analysis. Crude saponin isolated from red ginseng efflux extract contained 12.10% of saponin. Whereas those of white ginseng and red- ginseng were 3.30 and 3.39%, respectively. Ginsenoside contents showed the highest contents in crude saponin from red ginseng efflux extract. Especially, the ginsenoside-Rb₁ and -Re showed the highest contents in red- ginseng efflux extract when compared with those of white ginseng and red ginseng crude saponins. And the other ginsenosides except ginsenoside-Rb1 and -Re also showed the highest contents in red ginseng efflux extract. However, the ratio of PD saponin (panaxadiol saponin: Rb₁+Rb₂+Rc+Rd) to PT saponin (panaxatriol: Re+Rg₁) showed almost the same level when compared with those of ginseng saponin fractions. Ratio of PD/PT from red ginseng efflux extract was 1.99. Ratios of PD/PT from white ginseng and red ginseng were 1.85 and 1.84, respectively. Saponin purity, which was calculated by ratio percent of total ginsenoside to crude saponin content, was 45.90%. In case of white ginseng and red ginseng, the purities were 35.50 and 36.00%, respectively. However, by HPLC analysis, we confirmed that crude saponin isolated from red ginseng efflux extract showed almost the same saponin patterns with those of ginsengs. It suggested that crude saponin isolated from red ginseng efflux also would be useful component as ginseng saponins.