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Saxena, R.S.,Bhan, R.K.,Jalwania, C.R.,Lomash, S.K. The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 2006 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.6 No.4
This paper presents the results of a novel test structure for process control monitor for uncooled IR detector technology of microbolometer arrays. The proposed test structure is based on resistive network configuration. The theoretical model for resistance of this network has been developed using 'Compensation' and 'Superposition' network theorems. The theoretical results of proposed resistive network have been verified by wired hardware testing as well as using an actual 16x16 networked bolometer array. The proposed structure uses simple two-level metal process and is easy to integrate with standard CMOS process line. The proposed structure can imitate the performance of actual fabricated version of area array closely and it uses only 32 pins instead of 512 using conventional method for a $16{\times}16$ array. Further, it has been demonstrated that the defective or faulty elements can be identified vividly using extraction matrix, whose values are quite similar(within the error of 0.1%), which verifies the algorithm in small variation case(${\sim}1%$ variation). For example, an element, intentionally damaged electrically, has been shown to have the difference magnitude much higher than rest of the elements(1.45 a.u. as compared to ${\sim}$ 0.25 a.u. of others), confirming that it is defective. Further, for the devices having non-uniformity ${\leq}$ 10%, both the actual non-uniformity and faults are predicted well. Finally, using our analysis, we have been able to grade(pass or fail) 60 actual devices based on quantitative estimation of non-uniformity ranging from < 5% to > 20%. Additionally, we have been able to identify the number of bad elements ranging from 0 to > 15 in above devices.
A New Method for the Synthesis of Heterocycles from o-Phenylenediamine
S. Saxena,M. Kidwai*,R. Mohan 대한화학회 2005 대한화학회지 Vol.49 No.3
다양한 헤테로고리화합물을 용매를 사용하지 않는 경제적이고, 매우 효율적으로 오르소-페닐린다이아민으로부터 합성 방법을 개발하였다. 마이크로파를 이용한 이 환경 친화적인 새로운 방법은 용매를 제거해야 하는 번거로움을 없애는 동시에 짧은 반응시간, 높은 수득률 그리고 균일한 가열효과 같은 장점을 가지고 있다.
R. S. Saxena,R. K. Bhan,C. R. Jalwania,S. K. Lomash 대한전자공학회 2006 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.6 No.4
This paper presents the results of a novel test structure for process control monitor for uncooled IR detector technology of microbolometer arrays. The proposed test structure is based on resistive network configuration. The theoretical model for resistance of this network has been developed using ‘Compensation’ and ‘Superposition’ network theorems. The theoretical results of proposed resistive network have been verified by wired hardware testing as well as using an actual 16x16 networked bolometer array. The proposed structure uses simple two-level metal process and is easy to integrate with standard CMOS process line. The proposed structure can imitate the performance of actual fabricated version of area array closely and it uses only 32 pins instead of 512 using conventional method for a 16x16 array. Further, it has been demonstrated that the defective or faulty elements can be identified vividly using extraction matrix, whose values are quite similar(within the error of 0.1%), which verifies the algorithm in small variation case(~1% variation). For example, an element, intentionally damaged electrically, has been shown to have the difference magnitude much higher than rest of the elements(1.45 a.u. as compared to ~ 0.25 a.u. of others), confirming that it is defective. Further, for the devices having non-uniformity ≤ 10%, both the actual non-uniformity and faults are predicted well. Finally, using our analysis, we have been able to grade(pass or fail) 60 actual devices based on quantitative estimation of non-uniformity ranging from < 5% to > 20%. Additionally, we have been able to identify the number of bad elements ranging from 0 to > 15 in above devices.
Design and Mathematical Modelling of Pressurisation System for Inflatable Aerodynamic Decelerator
Chandan Saxena,Lala Surya Prakash,Unnikrishnan S,Nikesh S,Dilip V,Radhakrishnan M 한국유체기계학회 2021 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.14 No.2
The paper depicts design philosophy of a pneumatic pressurization system configured for Inflatable Aerodynamic Decelerator (IAD). The objective is to fine tune parameters in conjunction with mathematical model allowing a better understanding of process. System configuration has been discussed and mathematical model is formulated for estimating thermodynamic properties and mass flow of gas transferring from high pressure storage to IAD through orifice. Theoretical analysis and calculations were made and compared with the simulations carried out in LMS AMESim platform. Experiments were conducted in vacuum conditions to verify pressure change in high pressure storage and in IAD and this experimental data is used for validation of mathematical model.
Effect of COVID-19 on cochlear implant users: parental perspectives
Udit Saxena,Gish Chacko,S B Rathna Kumar,Vikas Nagabathula,Venkata Damarla 한국언어재활사협회 2021 Clinical Archives of Communication Disorders Vol.6 No.1
Purpose: For ten months the world has witnessed a global pandemic “COVID-19”, which disturbed many lives either directly and/or indirectly. COVID-19 has proven challenging to the public health system and considering the hearing healthcare, an internet-based survey was conducted on how COVID-19 affected the services to Cochlear Implant users and which consecutively affected their communication needs. Methods: The study was carried out during the period of June–August 2020. The questionnaire consisted of 38 questions, developed and presented via “Google forms”. The questions were based on the common problems faced by the Cochlear Implant users. The nature of the questions was generally focused on how COVID-19 affected their child’s communication due to limited services. The questionnaire was self-administered and the time taken would be 10–15 minutes. The parents of the Cochlear Implanted children were asked to answer the survey with the best of their experience. Results: The overall survey results showed that majority of the respondents observed a variety of problems related to the usage, management and maintenance of Cochlear Implant during this COVID-19 pandemic condition. Conclusions: This report suggests that hearing health care requires a radical rethinking of service delivery and create the momentum to rapidly formulate innovative digital and tele-health approaches in response to these changing situations.
Genome sequencing and de novo and reference-based genome assemblies of Bos indicus breeds
Chakraborty Abhisek,Bisht Manohar S.,Saxena Rituja,Mahajan Shruti,Pulikkan Joby,Sharma Vineet K. 한국유전학회 2023 Genes & Genomics Vol.45 No.11
Background Indian cattle breeds (Bos indicus) are known for their remarkable adaptability to hot and humid climates, higher nutritious quality of milk, better disease tolerance, and greater ability to perform in poor feed compared to taurine cattle (Bos taurus). Distinct phenotypic differences are observed among the B. indicus breeds; however, the whole genome sequences were unavailable for these indigenous breeds. Objective We aimed to perform whole genome sequencing to construct the draft genome assemblies of four B. indicus breeds; Ongole, Kasargod Dwarf, Kasargod Kapila, and Vechur (the smallest cattle of the world). Methods We sequenced the whole genomes using Illumina short-read technology, and constructed de novo and reference-based genome assemblies of these native B. indicus breeds for the first time. Results The draft de novo genome assemblies of B. indicus breeds ranged from 1.98 to 3.42 Gbp. We also constructed the mitochondrial genome assemblies (~ 16.3 Kbp), and yet unavailable 18S rRNA marker gene sequences of these B. indicus breeds. The genome assemblies helped to identify the bovine genes related to distinct phenotypic characteristics and other biological processes for this species compared to B. taurus, which are plausibly responsible for providing better adaptive traits. We also identified the genes that showed sequence variation in dwarf and non-dwarf breeds of B. indicus compared to B. taurus. Conclusions The genome assemblies of these Indian cattle breeds, the 18S rRNA marker genes, and identification of the distinct genes in B. indicus breeds compared to B. taurus will help in future studies on these cattle species.
Avanish Kumar Srivastava,D. Shah,T.H. Mahato,Beer Singh,A. Saxena,A.K. Verma,S. Shrivastava,A. Roy,S.S. Yadav,A.R. Shrivastava 한국탄소학회 2012 Carbon Letters Vol.13 No.2
A nuclear, biological, chemical (NBC) canister was indigenously developed using active carbon impregnated with ammoniacal salts of copper (II), chromium (VI) and silver (I), and high efficiency particulate aerosol filter media. The NBC canister was evaluated against carbon tetra chloride (CCl4) vapours, which were used as a simulant for persistent chemical warfare agents under dynamic conditions for testing breakthrough times of canisters of gas masks in the National Approval Test of Respirators. The effects of CCl4 concentration, test flow rate, temperature, and relative humidity (RH) on the breakthrough time of the NBC canister against CCl4 vapour were also studied. The impregnated carbon that filled the NBC canister was characterized for surface area and pore volume by N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at liquid nitrogen temperature. The study clearly indicated that the NBC canister provides adequate protection against CCl4 vapours. The breakthrough time decreased with the increase of the CCl4 concentration and flow rate. The variation in temperature and RH did not significantly affect the breakthrough behaviour of the NBC canister at high vapour concentration of CCl4, whereas the breakthrough time of the NBC canister was reduced by an increase of RH at low CCl4 vapour concentration.