2급 응급구조사의 성인외상환자에 대한 처치의 적절성 평가

장문수,어은경,김상현,김창섭,송근정,박한규,유지영,최동섭 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.2

In Korea, EMT have two classified subgroup of first and second degree : EMT-P, and EMT. For the beginning, authorization of the first EMT was made in this year through the EMT educational program. There are 8 items which EMT can perform the treatment without the supervision by a physician. But there was no previous report of pertinent assesment of treatment performed by the EMT. There upon authors have conducted review of assessment done by the EMT in EC setting, and proposed the following treatment application can be used by EMT at the field of accident. The study materials include adult trauma patient older than 15 years, and sustained trauma within 48 hours before visiting Ewha University DongDaeMoon Hospital Emergency Deparment. The duration of study was from Apr. 1 1995 to Aug. 31 1995. the study was conducted by 5 certified EMT. The EMT's performance was evaluated by the attending Emergency Medicine physician. The result were as followings ; 1. Among the total 5532 ED visiting patients during the study period, 1267 were adult trauma patients who recieved treatment within 48 hours of injury. 2. Among 1222 out of 1267 patients have completed performed survey. 3. Male to female ratio was 2.6 : 1, age distribution was from 15 to 87 years old and mean age was 34.6 years old. 4. The MOI showed : MVA (33.1%), blunt trauma (29.9%), slip down (16.8%), penetrating injury(15.4%), and miscellaneous (5.7 %), burn (3.1%), falling down injury(2.9 %), bite injury(1.1%) in order. 5. There were 437 cases of survey completed by the EMT. For assessment of mental status of 3 different method : AVPU, 5 scale mental status and GCS, were correlated with EM physician with 99.1%, 98.6%, 97.7 %, respectively. 6. For 320 out of 437 cases of survey completed, 319 patients recieved treatment by the EMT within 30 minute and 1 patient between 30 to 60 minute of an ED arrival. 7. For those 437 cases of survey completed, 266 patient (60.9%) had adequate treatment and 54 patients (12.4%) had inadequate treatment. 67 patient (15.3%) did not received treatment but it was adequate inway, and 50 patients (11.9%) did not received treatment even though patient required treatment. In cases of adult trauma patients, EMT's mental status assessment was correlated with EM physician's assessment. But treatment done by EMT without the supervision of EM physician was adequate only in 76.2 %. Therefore, continuous education and assessment of treatment performed by EMT in needed to improve field treatment by EMT future.

객체지향 개념 모델링에서 OCL에 의한 상속성 원리

이지연,최병문,이영환 대전대학교 기초과학연구소 2003 自然科學 Vol.14 No.1

OOA/D에서는 클래스의 일반화와 특수화의 계층구조 사이에서 상속성의 개념이 어디까지 보장되는지 명확한 규칙이 없다. 예를 들어 상위 클래스의 제약조건이 하위 클래스에도 상속되는지, 상위 클래스의 상태 다이어그램이 하위 클래스의 상태 다이어그램에도 상속되는지, 하위 클래스의 행위는 상위 클래스의 행위를 제한시키는 것인지 확장시키는 것인지 등의 문제가 명확하지 않다. 또한 역할과 하위 클래스 설정 문제도 혼동이 일어난다. 본 논문에서는 Liskov의 치환 규칙에 의하여 정적인 면과 동적인 면을 동시에 고려한 상속성 원리를 OCL을 사용하여 정립한다. 이에 따라 역할, 일반화, 특수화, 집합체와 합성에 관한 개념의 가이드라인도 제시한다. There are no explicit rules in OOA/D to indicate whether or not the generalization and specialization hierarchy on a superclass is inherited by its subclasses. For example, we have relevant questions: ls a constraint on a suerclass is inherited by its subclasses? Does subclasses inherit the state diagram of the superclass? Can it refine this state diagram by adding. removing or redefining states, transitions, or events? Can it restrict the behavior of the generalization classes or extend it both? Many methods do not answer these questions. Also concepts of role and subclass are confused in the problem of structure. In this paper, we give an OCL formalization of inheritance by Liskov's Substitution Principle and propose a general guide-lines of concepts of role, generalization, specialization, aggregation, and composition.

pH 조절에 의한 쌀세척 폐수의 처리

노홍균,김지숙,이문이,조영인 대구효성가톨릭대학교 식품과학연구소 1994 식품과학지 Vol.6 No.-

여러 pH 조건 및 키토산 농도하에서 쌀세척 폐수로부터 부유성 고형물을 효과적으로 응집, 회수할 수 있는 방법을 모색하였다. 키토산 첨가에 따른 탁도감소효과는 pH가 낮아짐에 따라 작았으며 pH 6 이상에서는 키토산 농도가 증가함에 따라 현저히 컸다. 그러나, 폐수의 탁도감소는 키토산 농도와는 관계없이 pH 4일 때 가장 효과적 이었으며 pH가 증가함에 따라 저하하였다. 쌀세척 폐수내의 부유성 고형물은 폐수의 pH를 4로 조정한 후 원심분리하므로서 가장 효과적으로 침전, 회수할 수 있었다. 이 때 탁도감소는 99% 이상을 나타내었으며, 폐수내 부유물질의 농도차와 pH 조정제로 사용된 산종류는 탁도감소에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 폐수의 탁도감소 효과는 저장기간이 길어짐에 따라 저하하였다. Treatment of rice-washing wastewater was considered under various pH levels and chitosan concentrations. Compared with the control test, addition of chitosan at the various concentrations did not noticeably enhanced turbidity reduction at pH 4 and 5, but greatly enhanced at above pH 6. However, reduction of turbidity in the wastewater, irrespective of chitosan concentrations, was the greatest at pH 4 and became lower by increasing pH. Suspended solids in the wastewater were the most effectively recovered by pH adjustment of the wastewater to 4 followed by centrifugation, with over 99% reduction in turbidity. Different concentrations of suspended solids in the wastewater and various kinds of acids used for pH adjustment did not affect turbidity reduction. Increasing storage periods of the wastewater resulted in lower reductions in turbidity.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1997)

김재홍,문득곤,김정수,김용준,임동진,박상훈,김희성,이민수,송기훈,김갑형,김형석,성소영,이인섭,김석우,황지환,조창근,김경문,부태성 대한화학요법학회 2000 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.18 No.3

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods : For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results : In 1997. 99 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 45(45.5%) were PPNG. Conclusion : The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 45.5% in 1997.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)

김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.

Minicircle microporation-based non-viral gene delivery improved the targeting of mesenchymal stem cells to an injury site

Ji-Young Mun,Keun Koo Shin,Doo-Byoung Oh 한국당과학회 2017 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.01

Genetic engineering approaches to improve therapeutic potentials of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been made by viral or non-viral gene delivery methods. Viral methods have severe limitations in clinical application due to potential oncogenic, pathogenic, and immunogenic risks while non-viral ones have suffered from low transfection efficiency and transient weak expression as MSCs are hard-to-transfect cells. In this study, minicircle, which is a minimal expression vector free of bacterial sequences, was employed for MSC transfection as a non-viral gene delivery. Conventional cationic liposome method was not effective for MSC transfection to result in very low transfection efficiency (less than 5%). Microporation, a new electroporation method, greatly improved the transfection efficiency of minicircles up to 66% in MSCs without significant loss of cell viability. Furthermore, minicircle microporation generated much stronger and prolonged transgene expression, compared to plasmid microporation. When the MSCs transfected to express firefly luciferase by minicircle microporation were subcutaneously injected to mice, their bioluminescence was monitored for more than a week whereas the bioluminescence of the MSCs induced by plasmid microporation rapidly decreased and disappeared in mice within three days. By using minicircle microporation as a non-viral gene delivery, the engineered MSCs to overexpress CXCR4 were shown to have greatly increased homing ability toward the injury site through in vivo bioluminescence imaging in mice, which showed a promise to enhance therapeutic potentials of MSCs in clinical applications.

Rapid Screening of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Nuclides (238U, 232Th) in Raw Materials and Byproducts Samples Using XRF

Ji-Young Park,Jong-Myoung Lim,Young-Yong Ji,Chung-Sup Lim,Byung-Uck Jang,Kun Ho Chung,Wanno Lee,Mun-Ja Kang 대한방사선방어학회 2016 방사선방어학회지 Vol.41 No.4

Development of fluorescent probes for the detection of fucosylated N-glycans using an Aspergillus oryzae lectin.

Mun, Ji-Young,Lee, Kyung Jin,Kim, Yu Jin,Kwon, Ohsuk,Kim, Su-Jin,Lee, Seung-Goo,Park, Wei Sun,Heo, Won Do,Oh, Doo-Byoung Springer International 2012 Applied microbiology and biotechnology Vol.93 No.1

<P>The alpha(1,6)-fucose attached to the core N-glycan (core fucose) of glycoproteins has been known to play essential roles in various pathophysiological events, including oncogenesis and metastasis. Aspergillus oryzae lectin (AOL) encoded by the fleA gene has been reported to bind to N-glycans containing core fucose. The fleA gene encoding AOL was cloned into an Escherichia coli expression vector and then fused with genes of fluorescent proteins for production of fusion proteins. The resulting FleA-fluorescent fusion proteins were expressed well in E. coli and shown to detect glycoproteins containing N-glycans with core fucose by lectin blot assay. It was also shown to bind to the surface of cancer cells highly expressing the fucosyltransferase VIII for attachment of core fucose. Surprisingly, we found that FleA-fluorescent fusion proteins could be internalized into the intracellular compartment, early endosome, when applied to live cells. This internalization was shown to occur through a clathrin-mediated pathway by endocytosis inhibitor assay. Taken together, these results suggest that FleA-fluorescent fusion proteins can be employed as a valuable fluorescent probe for the detection of fucosylated glycans and/or a useful vehicle for delivery of substances to the inside of cells.</P>

Analysis of Cell Membrane N-Glycans Enriched by an Adhesion-based Method

Ji-Young Mun,Kyung Jin Lee,Hoon Seo,Ohsuk Kwonand,Doo-Byoung Oh 한국당과학회 2012 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.1

Glycans, as attached to proteins and lipids on the cell surface, play crucial roles in various physiological phenomena such as cell-cell communication, differentiation and development. Recently, they have been highlighted as stem cell markers used to assess the pluripotency status. However, analysis of cell surface glycans requires difficult and laborious processes for the isolation of plasma membrane from other cellular components. Especially, efficient removal of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi membranes are required since the high amount of high-mannose type glycans in ER has hampered the analysis of complex type glycans on the cell surface. In the present study, we employed the simple adhesion-based method for the isolation of plasma membrane to analyze the glycans coating on the cell surface efficiently. First, cells adhered to an adsorbed layer of polylysine on glass plates and then were lysed by hypotonic pressure method using ice-cold distilled water. After the cell lysis and successive washing steps, plasma membrane fractions containing glycopeptides could be collected from the plate by trypsin digestions. The purity of the isolated plasma membranes was evaluated by fluorescence imaging using organelle-specific probes and optimal isolation conditions were established to minimize the contamination of ER and Golgi fractions. Using this method, N-glycans obtained from the plasma membranes of embryonic carcinoma NTERA-2 and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were analyzed and compared to N-glycan profiles derived from the corresponding total cell fractions. Complex-type glycans capped with terminal sialic acids were observed as major populations in plasma membrane fractions whereas high-mannose type glycans mainly detected in the profiles of total cells. Taken together, easy and rapid method to isolate plasma membrane was successfully employed and optimized for the analysis of the cell surface N-glycans, which will contribute to elucidating the biological implications of cell surface glycan changes.

Collimated Low fluence Q-switched Nd : YAG Laser modify the dendritic 3D structure of melanocyte (초)

( Ji Young Mun ),( Sung Sik Han ),( Il Whan Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2009 초록집 Vol.47 No.20