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- 저자 : Jang Eok Kim (검색결과 402 건)
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Phthalimide系 殺菌劑가 土壤環境中 尿素의 分解에 미치는 影響
金章億 慶北大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.52 No.-
This study was conducted to elucidate the effects of the application of phthalimide fungicides on transformation of urea in soil environment. 1. The degradation ratio of the phthalimide fungicides was accelerated in urea-treated soil than urea-untreated soil. 2. The inhibition effects of phthalimide fungicides on urease activity in soil were largely inhibited in the early stage of experiment but nearly no effect in the late stage. 3. By the application of phthalimide fungicides, the formation of NH_4-N was increased by inhibition of nitrification and the oxidation process of NH_4-N to No_2-N was greatly affected than that of NO_2-N to NO_3-N in urea-treated soil. 4. The total number of bacteria was slightly decreased in the early stage of experiment but afterwards increased by the application of phthalimide fungicides.
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장영준,서억수,정보영,김호창 동국대학교 의학연구소 2009 東國醫學 Vol.16 No.1
이(lice)는 인체에 기생하면서 그들의 생활을 영위하고 여러 가지 질병을 전파하는 매개체로서 널리 알려져 온절족동물의 일종이다. 과거에는 인체에 발생하는 많은 질병의 매개체가 되었으나 그동안 의식주의 개선,공중 및 개인위생의 향상으로 최근에는 인체기생의 빈도가 많이 줄었으며 따라서 이에 의한 질병의 발생도 많이 감소하였다. 더욱이 안검을 침범한 음모이의 국내에 보고된 증례는 1976년 백 등이 보고한 2례, 1977년 신 등이 보고한 1례, 1996년 이 등이 보고한 1례, 1997년 김 등의 1례로 총 5례 뿐이다. 저자들은 세극등과 광학현미경 검사로 음모이에 의한 안검염으로 확진한후,세극등을 이용한 물리적 제거와 항생제 안약 및 연고의 도포를 하며 총 4주간 추적관찰을 하였으며 이 기간동안추가적인 음모이의 성충이나 충란의 발견이 없는 좋은 치료 결과를 경헝하였기에 이를 보고하는 바이다. We have experienced with a rare case of blepharitis caused by pubic lice, which was confirmed by slit-lamp and light microscopic examinations and resulted with a good outcome with appropriate treatment as follows. A two year old male child complained of foreign body sensations bilaterally, and an itching sensation at both upper and lower eyelids for 2 months. He was diagnosed with blepharitis caused by pubic lice after observation of adult louse and nits on slit-lamp examination. The treatment was accomplished by mechanical removal of the lices and nits by forceps and antibiotic eyedrops and ointment were applied to both eyes. The morphologic evaluation was performed with slit-lamp and light microscopy. The follow-up interval was a week for next one month and no louse or nit was found under slit-lamp examination. So we decided that the pubic lice was completely removed.
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李容億,金恩卿,盧長淑 명지대학교 1983 明大論文集 Vol.14 No.-
The rice bran produced in the process of rice milling is only ingredient of edible oil and fat in Korea. If and when the rice bran is left negligently for a long time, a good quality of edible oil cannot be obtained. It is not only because the loss of the rice bran is resulted in the process of refining from starch degeneration, discoloration, and generation of free fatty acid or unsaponifiable matter but because the decolorization processing becomes much more difficult. In this connection, the experiment on the decolorization of the high acid value rice bran oil was made with clay. Although remarkable results were not yielded, continuous research is needed. If successful, it will contribute to the development of domestic medical ingredients with consequent extraction and refining of orizanol or inositol etc.
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Catalytically-etched hexagonal boron nitride flakes and their surface activity
Kim, Do-Hyun,Lee, Minwoo,Ye, Bora,Jang, Ho-Kyun,Kim, Gyu Tae,Lee, Dong-Jin,Kim, Eok-Soo,Kim, Hong Dae Elsevier 2017 APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE - Vol.402 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is a ceramic compound which is thermally stable up to 1000°C in air. Due to this, it is a very challenging task to etch h-BN under air atmosphere at low temperature. In this study, we report that h-BN flakes can be easily etched by oxidation at 350°C under air atmosphere in the presence of transition metal (TM) oxide. After selecting Co, Cu, and Zn elements as TM precursors, we simply oxidized h-BN sheets impregnated with the TM precursors at 350°C in air. As a result, microscopic analysis revealed that an etched structure was created on the surface of h-BN flakes regardless of catalyst type. And, X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that the air oxidation led to the formation of Co<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>, CuO, and ZnO from each precursor. Thermogravimetric analysis showed a gradual weight loss in the temperature range where the weight of h-BN flakes increased by air oxidation. As a result of etching, pore volume and pore area of h-BN flakes were increased after catalytic oxidation in all cases. In addition, the surface of h-BN flakes became highly active when the h-BN samples were etched by Co<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> and CuO catalysts. Based on these results, we report that h-BN flakes can be easily oxidized in the presence of a catalyst, resulting in an etched structure in the layered structure.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Hexagonal boron nitride flakes are etched at low temperature in air by catalysts. </LI> <LI> The presence of transition metal oxides produces an etched structure in the flakes. </LI> <LI> Etched surfaces become highly active due to vacancy defects formed in the flakes. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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Current pesticide status for production of safety agri-food
Jang-Eok Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2009 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.10
Currently there is a great increase in concern about the safety of food we eat and the potential hazards arising from contamination with synthetic pesticide residues on crops. In general, consumers tend to believe that synthetic pesticides and there residues in crops are dangerous to our health. On the other hand, less attention has been paid to the naturally occurring toxic substances in crops, which may cause or contribute to illness in humans. The Korean peninsula is very hot and humid during the summer season. This environment is good for the growth of various kinds of pests and pathogens as well as crops. Therefore, Korea has been one of the most intensive pesticide consuming countries of the world, an attractive market for multinational pesticide companies. In order to control the diseases, pests and weeds effectively, the use of pesticides in agriculture is inevitable. The pesticides protect the reduction of production from diseases, insect pests and weeds. Furthermore, they provide the stable food and crop supply by improving the quality. Thus, the pesticides are the most economical and safe substance to replace and cover the shortage of rural work force, which gets more and more serious. Pesticide industry in Korea has just a short history of 50 years. Taking the procedures of the import, adoption and imitation of the foreign technologies, five compounds were synthesized newly by our technology and registered as insecticide, fungicide and herbicide. Until now the most of pesticide technicals were imported from foreign countries with high price. The imported technicals are formulating with adjuvant in manufacture factory. From the 1970s a part of technicals which is expired patent are synthesizing by our own technology. Totally of 1,230 items has been notified to be used as pesticide by the government at 2008. The pesticide production in 2008 was 21,168 M/T as an active ingredient. The amount was divided 17.5% for paddy rice, 45.4% for horticultural plants, 26.2% for weed and 10.9% for others. By formulation, emulsifiable concentrate is 46.3%, wettable powder 32.6%, granule 17.5%, dust 0.8% and water soluble powder 0.7%. The total amount of imported pesticide was 443,362 thousand dollars. Among them the technical grade is 77.4%, intermediates for synthesis 4.1%, formulation 18.5%. The technical grade was divided with fungicides 28.7%, insecticides 34.2%, herbicides 26.2% and others 10.9%. The major importing countries are Japan 29%, Germany 15.2%, United State 15%, China 12.6%, Swiss 8.4% and others 29%. The local production ratio of technicals is 10.6% of the required technicals in Korea. On the other hand, Korea is exporting some technical grade and formulations to several nations. The agrochemical market value of Korea in 2008 was 27,586 thousand dollars. The ideal pesticide would be toxic only to the target organism, but unfortunately this cannot often be achieved and most pesticides are to some extent hazardous to other organisms also and, therefore, potentially harmful to those handling them. At present 2008, the maximum residue limit (MRL) for 399 pesticides was established in all crops. And the standard for safe use for 800 items except herbicides was also established in each crop. Every year, Korean government is monitoring the residue level of pesticides to agricultural products for safety of consumers. The classification of pesticides toxicity by the Pesticides Management Law is based primarily on its acute oral and dermal toxicity to test animals. This hazard classification of Korea is following the method of WHO. The hazard class is divided into 4 groups; extremely hazardous, highly hazardous, moderately hazardous and lowly hazardous. Among 1,230 items including 28 items of biopesticide using in Korea, there is no extremely hazardous group, 17 items in highly hazardous group, 175 moderately hazardous and 1,038 lowly hazardous. Apart from classification system by acute toxicity, to minimize the side effects caused by pesticides we have another system prescribing definitely the enforcement degree of crop-residual, soil-residual and water-residual pesticides. Crop-residual pesticide is legally defined as the agrochemical that its terminal residue level in crop harvests exceeds the national maximum residue limit. The residual pesticide of which its persistence is evaluated to have longer than 180 days of half life in soil and the residual impacts on the second cropping is recognized, donates as the soil-residual pesticide. And both of crop and soil residual pesticides are prohibited to register for use. Water residual pesticide of which the fish toxicity (TLm, 48hrs) to the carp is less than 0.1ppm is also legally regulated and banned for use in paddy field. What kinds of pesticides are required for the future of Korean agriculture? Everybody will reply. "They must have the high activity, be safe and without harmful effects to the animals and environment". But actually the development of ideal pesticides in Korea is very difficult owing to invest of lots of money and time. So we are using the technology of molecular design for toxicity reduction of already existing pesticides, and research for development of biopesticides by the bioengineering technique using plants and microorganism. To use pesticides effectively, we have to research and evaluate of integrated control measures including development of biological, enzyme and hormone manipulation, and mechanical controls resulting in pest management concepts. For the future, it is necessary to produce and use more effective and more selective pesticides. Over the development of synthetic pesticides from 1940s there have been significant changes in the tools available for research and development of pesticides. Research on pesticides has gone from spray and prays to high throughput screening on in vitro targets. Analytical techniques of pesticides now allow easier identification of metabolites and degradation products, whilst parts per trillion can be routinely determined. These changes have been largely driven by advances in computing power over the past decades. Similarly, the modeling for development of new pesticides that can now be carried out would have seemed impossible 50 years ago. Information today is also much more readily accessible than before, the internet is a tool which has come of age and is the repository of a large amount of information. Communications have similarly changed with personal mail allowing instant communication with fellow scientists. In the future, international cooperation will be more needed for the exchange of related and updated information in safety evaluation and development of pesticides.
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