사상공원 식생의 활력에 미치는 환경영향에 관한 연구

김형석,박승범,김석규 東亞大學校 建設技術硏究所 2001 硏究論文集 Vol.25 No.2

To object of this study was to analyze the effects of air pollution of industrial park to the environmental-ecology characterization in the Sa-Sang Park and the vicinity of South Gate in Mt. Geumjung. 6 transects(each size 400m2 were set up and surveyed each park. The relationships of the distribution of dominant groups for forest vegetation structure and the environmental condition between the Sa-Sang Park and the vicinity of South Gate San-Sung Amusement Park were analyzed by similarity index, frequencies of tree species, importance value, soil pH, SO2ㆍCOㆍNO2 and PM10 density of air and tree vitality. The results obtained were as follows, 1. For analysis of vegetation structure in the Sa-Sang Park, upperstory of forests was mostly consisted of Pinus thunbergii Parl and partly of Alnus japonica Steudel. In midstory, major components were Alnus japonica Steudel and partly of Pinus thunbergii Parl. In lower story Rhus sylvestris S. et Z, which was known to be resistant to air pollution, was found in large number. While the vicinity of South Gate in Mt. Geumjung has various species and stable forest vegetation, upperstory of forests was mostly consisted of Pinus rigida Mill and partly of Pinus densiflora S. et Z. Quercus serrata Thunb. Quercus mogolicα Fischer. Alnus hirsuta Rupr. In midstory, major components were Pinus rigida Mill and Alnus hirsuta Rupr. In lower story Rhododendron yedoense Maximowicz var. poukhanense(Le'v.) Nakai. and Rubus crataegifolius Bunge, Lespedeza bicolor Turcz. Similarity index in the Sa-Sang Park and the vicinity of South Gate in Mt. Geumjung was 42.31%. 2. Frequencies class of tree species were analyzed A(23.53%), B(17.65%),C(11.76%), D(5.88%), E(41.18%) in the Sa-Sang Park and A(29.41%), B(29.41%). C(23.53%), DC5.88%), E(11.77%) the vicinity of South Gate in Mt. Geumjung 3. Soil pH decreased to below pH 0.7 in the Sa~Sang Park as compared to pH 4.9in the vicinity of South Gate in Mt. Geumjung. In addition Water content decreased to below 7.7% in Sa~Sang Park as compared to 9.3% the vicilli앙 of South Gate in Mt. Geumjung. While SO2ㆍCO2 density of air and tree vitality were higher than those in the vicinity of South Gate in Mt. Geumjung. It is concluded that the Sa~Sang Park is only afraided to survive stronge tree species which resist to air pollution and decrease a function of city park in a few years that tree vitality of the Sa~Sang Park is higher than those in the vicinity of the South Gate in Mt. Geumjung. as a result environmental factorsCfor example SO2ㆍCOㆍNO2 and PM10 density of air, Water content, Soil pH and so on).

재발 또는 불응성 비호즈킨 림프종 환자에서 CDME 구제항암화학요법 후 고용량 항암화학요법 및 자가말초혈액 조혈모세포이식의 효과

김세형,한강원,배상병,김찬규,이남수,이규택,박성규,원종호,홍대식,박희숙 순천향의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.1

Background and objectives : The long-term survival in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) after conventional dose chemotherapy is about 35% and the rest of the patients tend to have relapse. So, in relapsed or refractory NHL, we compared the outcome of patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation(APBSCT) with only salvage chemotherapy of cisplatin, dexamethasone, mitoxantrone, and etoposide(CDME). Materials and methods : From June 1993 to December 1999, 25 patients with relapsed or resistant NHL were treated with CDME regimen as salvage chemotherapy. Twelve patients were received four cycles of CDME chemotherapy, and 13 patients were received high-dose chemotherapy with APBSCT following two cycles of CDME chemotherapy. Results : The median follow-up duration was 12.8 months(range:4-68). The overall response rate was 41.7% (complete response rate 25%, partial response rate 16.7%) in 12 patients with CDME only. Thirteen patients who were treated with high-dose chemotherapy with APBSCT achieved 61.5% complete response rate and 15.4% partial response rate, with an overall response rate of 76.9%. The estimated 3-year progression-free survival rate was significantly higher among patients who received high-dose therapy than patients who received CDME only(41.5% vs 20.0%, p<0.05). And, 3-year overall survival rate was significantly higher among patients who received high-dose therapy(51.3% vs 25.0%, p <0.05). Conclusions : In relapsed or refractory NHL, CDME chemotherapy is an effective salvage chemotherapy and allow peripheral blood stem cell collection. Also, high-dose chemotherapy with APBSCT following CDME is superior to CDME salvage chemotherapy only.

Cementless 인공고관절 수술중에 발생된 대퇴골 골절

박명식,김규형 대한고관절학회 1990 Hip and Pelvis Vol.2 No.2

초기 성공적인 심폐소생술후 혈청 Interleukin-6 농도의 발현양상

박규남,박승현,황두영,김형국,이환,최경호,이원재,정욱성,김학주,김세경 大韓應急醫學會 1998 대한응급의학회지 Vol.9 No.4

Objective : To investgate patterns of serial serum interleukin-6(IL-6) concentrations after initial successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and to access differences in serum IL-6 concentrations in patients with Cerebral Performance Category(CPC, 1-2) and CPC(3-5) at the 5th day after cardiacpulmonary resuscitation(CPR). Methods : We studied prospectively 12 patients with spontaneous circulation after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Venous blood samples were taken 2, 4, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after restoration of spontaneous circulation to measure serum IL-6 levels by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results : Serum IL-6 concentrations in the severe neurolgically disabled group(CPC, 3-5) were significantly increased at 2, 24 and 48 hours after restoration of spontaneous circulation compared with the less neurolgically disabled group. Also, serum IL-6 concentrations in the severe neurolgic disabled group showed dual peak at 4 and 24 hours. Conclusion : Our study demonstrates significant increase of serum IL-6 in patients with CPC(3-5) after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the significant correlation between early increase of serum IL-6 and poor neurologic outcome. It suggests that early increase of serum IL-6 can be used as a prognostic marker after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

펄스폭제어방식을 이용한 Switching Regulator에 관한 연구

박규태,윤형로,최승국 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1981 논문집 Vol.13 No.2

본 논문에서는 Switching Regulator 내의 PWM 시스템에서의 위상지연과 스위칭소자의 지연에 의한 위상지연을 고찰하였고 출력필터의 연속전류모드와 불연속전류모드의 궤환에 의한 시스템의 특성을 분석하였다. 또한 Surge에 의한 Normal mode 잡음과 Ground 잡음전류에 의한 Common mode spike 잡음의 원인을 분석하고 그 대책을 강구하였으며 실제 스위칭 레귤레이터의 제작에 필요한 회로구성과 소자의 선정요건을 고찰하여 효율 82.6%, spike 잡음 10mvp-p 이내의 안정되고 특성이 우수한 레귤레이터를 설계하였다. The phase shift in PWM System due to the time delay in the switching elements has been studied. Employing the normal model, various performance characteristics of the converter for both continuous current operation and discontinuous current operation are compared. The normal mode noise generated by surge and common mode noise generated by ground noise current have been studied. To decrease the noise, several methods are introduced. Hardware circuits are built and in experimental measurements, it shows a high efficiency of 82.6% and low spike noise of 10mv p-p max.

스포츠 현장에서 사고 분쟁해결을 위한 법적 구조 및 그 효용성 분석

박형상,육조영,김우규,이재봉,유관호,이무연,박태민,이신언 한국스포츠리서치 2005 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.16 No.2

1. The purpose of this study is to reflect reality of sports to legal structure. This author classified types of sports related accidents as match accidents, school accidents, leisure and living sports accidents. Out of such accidents common factors such as 'the provider of virtue' and 'user' could be deduced and this author reviewed what kinds of obligations must be shouldered by these people respectively. In particular this author stressed the fact that disproportionate emphasis is placed on malfeasance in disposition of dispute over the sports accidents. Malfeasance is a method for seeking relief through money after the accident. However default in an obligation enables supplementary completion when it is not performed or imperfectly performed. Thus if object which must be performed is providing safety then it is possible to secure safety prior to accident. Furthermore at such time mistake of the debtor can not become a factor. For this reason this line of thinking has the following merits: (1) In comparison with constitution of malfeasance default of an obligation has long prescription. It seems that such fact was a motivation for saving obligation for safety consideration by making it fall under the principle of faith. (2) Default of an obligation is not an obligation for ordinary attention which is cause of malfeasance but it takes up issue with obligation for attention required for performance. Game organization, sponsor and spectators etc. shares certain sense of identity and are demanded to have manners. As method for evaluation of such relationship of faith it may be possible to impose a special kind of obligation for attention and it will be close to constitution of default of an obligation. (3) Imposing obligation for provision clarifies that such responsibility belongs to game organizations promoting sports to which anyone can participates or to national or public organizations, sponsor, schools which induced such sports as a part of its educational programs, installer who made people use it as leisure facility or person in charge for its management. (4) It is also applicable to umpires, players or spectators who use field of sports. It is possible to reflect reality whereby these people specifically relate themselves to sports. In consequence it will be possible to make people feel the necessity of expanding the principals of sports from 'doers' to 'watchers.' (5) The obligation of provision is an obligation under the principle of faith therefore mutual negotiation may be expected to clarify such fact. It may be also evaluated by effectuation of users' self-determining right. 2. If the above mentioned structure is provided then, although it is limited to sports, students who are subjects of instruction, seminar attendants, and furthermore players who finished games may be obligated to bear responsibility for safety consideration under the principle of faith. Accordingly level of relief for considerable number of victims may be increased as cases of treating even borrowed materials as default of obligation being expanded. 3. As scope of responsibility becomes more clearer it will be possible to prevent disputes while securing more safety as rules and regulations become more clearly enacted or new contract is signed or existing contract is revised.

교과교육의 내용과 방법

박형규 전주교육대학교 1995 論文集 Vol.32 No.-

The contents and method of the subject matter education have some close relationship mutually in achieving the education purposes. There are two opinions in such relationship : one is the opinion that two factors in education "process and result" have some "factual relationship", the other is the opinion that the two have "logical theoretic relationship". The two opinions can be briefly summarized as follows: 1. Dewey, Tyler, etc., insisted that the two are "factually related" 2. Ryle, Oakeshott, etc., insisted that the two are "logically related" In case of "factually related", the two factors are connected with the thinking process of the inner side of the learner and the thinking objects of the out side of the learner, and they are also separated each other into the thinking process and result and they are also connected "before" and "after" in time sequence. The process means the psychological process (knowledge as a process) in the inside of the learner and the result means the products of the thinking process (knowledge as a result) In case of "logically related", the two factors are not connected in time sequence and also they are no longer the thinking process of the inner part of the learner and thinking objects of the outer part of the learner. They are connected in the concrete educational situation in the relationship of "the inside and outside of the educational contents, they are also supposed to exist simultaneously in time sequence. In case of "factually related", the two are a different one each other. Therefore, we can develop some system of the methods to combine the two factors. But in case of "logically related", the system of the methods to combine the two comes to be different because "the process and result" of education exist simultaneously in time sequence and process and result are taught together in the same time. Dewey's opinion is that the "experience" includes the "process and result" of education. In other words, he insists the "process" exists in the contents of education. His opinion is a monism to integrate the contents and method of education. He thinks that the two "process and result" are operating each other in the "factually related state" to achieve the educational purposes and such thinking of his leads to the so called "general method-5 stages of thinking" which urges the systemization of the educational method. Tyler systemized the general procedure of education into a methodology to combine "factually" knowledge as a result (contents) and "psychological process of the inner side of the learner (Behavior) (Tyler, Basic Principles of Curriculum and Instruction, 1949). His methodology means the process to realize "factual combination" of the "contents and behavior" confirming the related factors in education which are connected with the "contents and methods" or the "process and results". Ryle insists that the "prepositional knowledge" and "procedural knowledge" are "logically related" each other and that they are in connection with the "inner side" and "outer side" or "bottom" and "surface" of knowledge. In other words the "process" and "result" of education, or "knowledge as the educational contents" and "thinking method" are also "logically related". According to his opinion, the "prepositional knowledge" and "procedural knowledge" can not be reduced to one because the two are "logically" divided each other. Oakeshott insists that the "technical knowledge" and "practical knowledge" are related each other not "factually" but "conceptually (logically)". The former can be taught by using of books and also can appear as a form of proposition but the latter can not be closed up to a form of proposition. He divided conceptually (not factually) the cultural inheritance into "information and judging". The former can appear as some facts or products of intellectual operation and the latter can not be presented as an item and we can not memorize it. His opinion is that we can teach the information by means of "instructing" and judging by means of "imparting". The "instructing" and "imparting" are also divided not "factually" but "logically" and they always operates themselves not one by one but together.

좌심실 수축기 기능장애를 동반한 양수색전증 1예

박대균,홍경순,두영철,한규록,오동진,유규형,임종윤,고영박,이광학,이영,송원근,김현태 대한순환기학회 1999 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.29 No.8

E. coli 과량발현을 통한 B형 간염 바이러스 preS1 유도체의 안정한 동위원소 N의 치환

박병관,김세하,한규훈,김선영,홍요정,이시형,한동설,김순종,박진구 木浦大學校基礎科學硏究所 1997 基礎科學硏究誌 Vol.15 No.-

We have used molecular biology technique to label the side chains and backbone of HBV preS1(1-56) with stable isotope (??) during E. coli over-expression and purified the protein to near homogeneity. The expression level of ?? labelled preS1(1-56) seems to be ∼15% of the total protein. to characterize the secondary structure of the labelled protein, circular dichroism was used. In different buffer conditions including pH 3.3 and pH 7.4 the protein seems to be devoid of any stable secondary structure probably suggesting that the N-terminal portion (preS1(1-56)) of HBV preS1 might be unstructured before binding to its target cells.

학교평가 개선을 위한 점진적 노력

박형규 全州敎育大學校 初等敎育硏究所 1998 初等敎育硏究 Vol.9 No.-

The evaluation of schools(School Based Evaluation) has been started in our primary and secondary schools because it is regarded as unevitable and essential to raise the educational accountability and competitiveness. A research for the need of school evaluation shows 89.9%(yea-parents), 67% (yea-teachers). Another study for the substantial school evaluation system insists that it would rather be put into practice after about ten years when the educational reform projects are carried out so well. It will take so many years and so much efforts for the school based evaluation to run in good condition and situation. And now Ministry of education is operating 6 model schools for the school based evaluation America has a history of about one century in school evaluation (accreditation system). The above facts recommendations are based on the examining some papers related to school based evaluation. To improve our school evaluation system more successfully with our great perseverance and sincerity, we need the ceaseless and faithful process of our efforts. Such efforts should go together with some recommendations below through examining the whole process of our school evaluation in terms of the functions of school evaluation. 1. For all the people concerned with the school evaluation(principals, teachers, supervisors and parents), pre and in-service training for the preparation of the school evaluation should be more strengthened. 2. Our recognition for the school evaluation should be substantially changed from passive to active direction, from negative to positive attitude. 3. More specific plan(objective, process, effect, etc) for the findings of school evaluation should be made by the people concerned in order to make full use of the essential data for our school management. Our school evaluation would rather be started with the purpose of improving the situations and abilities of school management and should extend its utilization scope gradually. 4. A sufficient and wide-scope of opinion survey for the "stakeholders" should be put together and examined specifically in school evaluation. 5. We should support financially and administratively to make our school evaluation system successfully.