Comparison of Melanoma Subtypes among Korean Patients by Morphologic Features and Ultraviolet Exposure

( Hong Sun Jang ),( Jee Hung Kim ),( Kyu Hyun Park ),( Jae Seok Lee ),( Jung Min Bae ),( Byung Ho Oh ),( Sun Young Rha ),( Mi Ryung Roh ),( Kee Yang Chung ) 대한피부과학회 2014 Annals of Dermatology Vol.26 No.4

Background: Genetic alterations have been identified in melanomas according to different levels of sun exposure. Whereas the conventional morphology-based classification provides a clue for tumor growth and prognosis, the new classification by genetic alterations offers a basis for targeted therapy. Objective: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the biological behavior of melanoma subtypes and compare the two classifications in the Korean population. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients found to have malignant melanoma in Severance Hospital from 2005 to 2012. Age, sex, location of the tumor, histologic subtype, tumor depth, ulceration, lymph node invasion, visceral organ metastasis, and overall survival were evaluated. Results: Of the 206 cases, the most common type was acral melanoma (n=94, 45.6%), followed by nonchronic sun damage-induced melanoma (n=43, 20.9%), and mucosal melanoma (n=40, 19.4%). Twenty-one patients (10.2%) had the chronic sun-damaged type, whereas eight patients (3.9%) had tumors of unknown primary origin. Lentigo maligna melanoma was newly classified as the chronic sun-damaged type, and acral lentiginous melanoma as the acral type. More than half of the superficial spreading melanomas were newly grouped as nonchronic sun-damaged melanomas, whereas nodular melanoma was rather evenly distributed. Conclusion: The distribution of melanomas was largely similar in both the morphology-based and sun exposure-based classifications, and in both classifications, mucosal melanoma had the worst 5-year survival owing to its tumor thickness and advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. (Ann Dermatol 26(4) 485~490, 2014)

한국인 폐확산능 정상예측식의 임상적 유용성과 정확성

나승원 ( Seung Won Ra ),박태선 ( Tai Sun Park ),홍윤기 ( Yoon Ki Hong ),홍상범 ( Sang Bum Hong ),심태선 ( Tae Sun Shim ),임채만 ( Chae Man Lim ),이상도 ( Sang Do Lee ),고윤석 ( Youn Suck Koh ),김우성 ( Woo Sung Kim ),김동순 ( Dong 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2008 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.64 No.2

연구배경: 폐확산능을 해석하는 데 필요한 정상예측식으로는 한국인을 대상으로 하여 박 등이 개발한 식(박 식)이 있으나 아직 외국 정상예측식을 많이 사용하고 있다. 이에 국내에서 많이 사용하는 외국 정상예측식인 Burrows 식과 박 식의 임상적 유용성과 정확성을 비교하고자 하였다. 방법: 1. 임상적 유용성 연구; 2006년 7월부터 12월까지 6개월간 폐확산능검사를 시행한 환자 중 두 식을 각각 정상예측식으로 적용하였을 때 폐확산능 해석이 다른 276명(대상군 A)을 대상으로 하였다. 대상군 A에게 두 식을 각각 적용하였을 때 폐확산능 해석과 임상적 판단과의 일치도를 비교하여 임상적 유용성을 평가하였다. 2. 간질성폐질환 진단의 정확성 비교; 2001년부터 2006년까지 폐조직검사를 시행하여 확진된 간질성폐질환군과 서울아산병원에서 모집한 정상군을 대상으로 하여 정상예측식으로 두 식을 각각 적용하였을 때 폐확산능 해석의 정확도를 비교하였고, 두 식이 차이가 나는지 맥니머의 카이스퀘어 검정을 하였다. 결과: 1. 임상적 판단과의 일치도 비교; 276명을 임상정보를 토대로 폐확산능을 예측하여 분류한 결과 정상 54명, 감소 220명, 불분명이 2명이었다. 예측식으로 박 식과 Burrows 식을 적용하였을 때 임상적 판단과 일치하는 환자는 각각 78%와 22%이었다(p<0.001). 2. 간질성폐질환 진단의 정확성 비교; 박 식은 민감도 90.1%, 특이도 100%이었고 Burrows 식은 민감도 64.2%, 특이도 100%로 민감도가 통계학적으로 유의하게 박 식이 높았다(p<0.001). 결론: 우리나라 정상예측식인 박 식이 외국 정상예측식인 Burrows 식을 정상예측식으로 적용하는 것보다 임상적 유용성이나 간질성폐질환 진단의 민감도에서 더 우월하였다. 향후 폐확산능검사의 정상예측식으로 박 식을 사용해야 할 것으로 사료된다. Background: Park et al. developed the Korean reference equation for the measurement of diffusing capacity in 1985. However, the equation has not been widely used in Korea and foreign reference equations have been popularly used. We intended to compare the clinical usefulness and the accuracy of the the Korean reference equation (Park`s equation) with that of the foreign equation (Burrows` equation) that is commonly used in Korea. Methods: 1. Evaluation of clinical usefulness; Among 1,584 patients who underwent diffusing capacity (DLCO) at the Asan Medical Center from July to December 2006, group A subjects included 276 patients who had different interpretations of DLCO in trials employing Burrows` equation and Park`s equation. Clinical assessment was decided by consensus of two respiratory physicians. In order to evaluate the clinical usefulness of Burrows` equation and Park`s equation, agreement of clinical assessment and DLCO interpretation were measured. 2. Evaluation of accuracy; Group B subjects were 81 patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and 39 normal subjects. The 81 ILD patients were diagnosed following a surgical lung biopsy. The accuracy of diagnosing ILD as well as sensitivity and specificity were evaluated according to the use of the reference equations (Burrows` equation and Park`s equation) for DLCO. Results: Agreement between clinical assessment and interpretation of DLCO was 22% for the use of Burrows` equation and 78% for the use of Park`s equation. The sensitivity and specificity of the Burrows` equation for diagnosing ILD were 64.2% and 100%. The sensitivity and specificity of the Park`s equation for diagnosing ILD were 90.1% and 100%. The sensitivity of the Park`s equation for diagnosing ILD was significantly higher than that of Burrows` equation (p<0.001). Conclusion: The Korean reference equation (Park`s equation) was more clinically useful and had higher sensitivity for diagnosing ILD than the foreign reference equation (Burrows` equation). (Tuberc Respir Dis 2008;64:80-86)

THE KOMPSAT-I PAYLOADS OVERVIEW

Park, Hong Yul,Choi, Gi Hyuk,Yoon, Hyeong Sik,Lee, Seunghoon,Woo, Sun Hee,Shim, Hyung Sik,Oh, Kyoung Hwan,Cho, Young Min,Yong, Sang Soon,Lee, Sang Gyu,Heo, Haeng Pal 대한원격탐사학회 1998 International Symposium on Remote Sensing Vol.14 No.1

Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KAKI) is developing a Korea Multi-Purpose Satellite I (KOMPSAT-1) which accommodates Electro-Optical Camera (EOC), Ocean Scanning Multi-spectral Imager (OSMI), and Space Physics Sensor (SPS). The satellite has the weight of about 500kg and will be operated on the 10:50 AM sun-synchronized orbit with the altitude of 685 km. The satellite will be launched in 1999 and its lifetime is expected to be over 3 years. The main mission of EOC is the cartography to provide the images from a remote earth view for the production of 1/25000-scale maps of KOREA. EOC collects 510 - 730 nm panchromatic imagery with the ground sample distance(GSD) of 6.6 m and the swath width of 17 km by push broom scanning. EOC also can scan ±45 degree across the ground track using body pointing method. The primary mission of OSMI is worldwide ocean color monitoring for the study of biological oceanography. It will generate 6 band ocean color images with 800 km swath width and 1km GSD by whiskbroom scanning. OSMI is designed to provide on-orbit spectral band selectability in the spectral range from 400 nm to 900 nm through ground command. This flexibility in band selection can be used for various applications and will provide research opportunities to support the next generation sensor design. SPS consists of High Energy Particle Detector (HEPD) and Ionosphere Measurement Sensor (IMS). HEPD has missions to characterize the low altitude high-energy particle environment and to study the effects of radiation environment on microelectronics. IMS measures densities and temperature of electrons in the ionosphere and monitors the ionospheric irregularities at the KOMPSAT orbit.

Development of Sun-Glint Prediction Program For The Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite

Park Jae-Ik,Choi Kyu-Hong,Park Sang-Young,Lee Byoung-Sun,Ahn Yu-Hwan 한국우주과학회 2004 한국우주과학회보 Vol.13 No.2

지리산국립공원 심원계곡 생태경관 복원공사지역 식생 변화

정태준 ( Tae-jun Jung ),김연경 ( Yeon-Gyeong Kim ),김영진 ( Young-jin Kim ),정명희 ( Myung-hee Jung ),박경희 ( Kyoung-hee Park ),신창근 ( Chang-keun Shin ),박선홍 ( Seung-hong Park ),김영선 ( Young-sun Kim ) 한국환경생태학회 2021 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.35 No.3

본 연구는 지리산국립공원 심원계곡 생태경관 복원공사지역의 모니터링 결과를 분석하여 체계적인 복원관리를 도모할 수 있는 기초자료를 확보하는데 그 목적이 있다. 복원사업이 완료된 2017년도에 식생 모니터링을 위한 조사구 12개소와 대조구 4개소를 설치하였고, 2017년과 2020년의 상대우점치, 종다양도지수, 유사도 등의 변화를 분석하였다. 복원사업 시 수목이 식재되었던 조사구는 종다양도지수가 0∼1.4552로 나타났고, 대조구와의 유사도지수에서는 1개 조사구가 1.32%로 분석된 것을 제외하고 모두 0%로 나타났다. 조사구의 종다양도지수 및 유사도지수가 매우 낮은 것은 복원사업 시 식재된 수목이 고사하거나 멧돼지 피해, 유수에 의한 침식으로 유실되는 등의 영향으로 판단되었다. 반면 복원사업 시 수목이 식재되지 않은 미식재 조사구는 종다양도지수가 0.9538∼2.3222로 나타났고, 유사도지수는 최대 8.33%까지 분석되었다. 국립공원 생태경관 복원공사지역의 복원 공법 개발을 위한 장기 모니터링과, 미식재 조사구의 천이과정을 분석하는 지속적인 연구가 필요하다. This study aims to obtain basic data for systematic restoration by analyzing the monitoring results of the Shimwon Valley Ecological Landscape Restoration Project area in Jirisan National Park. In 2017, when the restoration project was completed, 12 monitoring plots and 4 control plots were installed for vegetation monitoring, and changes in the relative dominance, species diversity index and similarity between 2017 and 2020 were analyzed. The species diversity index of the surveyed areas where trees were planted during the restoration project was 0-1.4552, and the similarity index with the control group was 0% except for one survey area at 1.32%. The very low species diversity index and similarity index in the survey areas were attributed to the loss of trees planted during the restoration project due to death, damage by wild boars, or erosion by running water. On the other hand, the species diversity index was 0.9538-2.3222 in the monitoring plot where no tree was planted, and the similarity index was analyzed to be as high as 8.33%. It is necessary to continue the long-term monitoring for the development of ecological landscape restoration methods in the national park and analysis of the succession in monitoring plots where no trees were planted.

붕소확산에 의한 산화적층결함의 후면게터링

朴善宇,洪淳寬,金鐵柱 서울市立大學校 1991 論文集 Vol.25 No.-

The backside gettering phenomena of OSFs which are generated at the Si-SiO₂interface during the oxidation is observed. After the backside boron diffusion at 1200℃ for 120min, the OSFs' density on the Si(100) front surface is reduced from 10?cm-²to about 20cm-²or below. In addition to, the rate of decrease of the OSFs' density is deduced experimentally as a function of the boron diffusion time and temperature.

In situ hybridization과 염색체 미세해부에 의한 특정 염색체 띠에 대한 유전자 발굴

홍기정,김현수,전용혁,김현,박선화 고려대학교 의과대학 1996 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.33 No.1

Recently surmountable amounts of genes are being cloned but it is hard to define the chromosomal location and functions of these genes. In this study, a new technique was developed for cloning genes expressed in the developing human brain with confirmed chromosomal location. The mRNAs were extracted from 18 week old human fetal brain, cDNAs were made by reverse transcription from these mRNAs and Uni-amp cDNAs having Uni-amp adapters a t both ends were made for subsequent PCR. To observe the distribution of the Uni-amp cDNAs on the chromosome, fluorescent in situ hybridization was performed with biotin labeled Uni-amp cDNAs. Among the chromosome bands showing strong hybridization with the cDNAs, lq21, lq25, lq32 and lq42 were microdissected from the chromosome hybridized with unlabeled Uni-amp cDNAs and amplified by PCR with Uni-amp primers. These amplified cDNA fragments were subcloned to plasmid vectors and the nucleic acid sequences were analysed. As a result 18 different clones were confirmed the chromosomal localization. They were categorized as 4 clones of well characterized genes, 3 clones showing low homology with known genes, 5 clones of simply registered uncharacterized human cDNAs, and 6 clones of unknown genes. The evidence suggests that the technique is very useful to clone the genes that express in the developing human brain, with confirmed chromosomal location. In addition, this cloning technique can be used to discover the new genes related with neuronal development in combination with functional screening method.

지역사회 정신의학 전공의 교육과정 실태조사

홍진표,황순찬,이영문,이선형,신나리,이종일,박종익,장동원,정인원 大韓神經精神醫學會 2008 신경정신의학 Vol.47 No.1

Objectives : There is a increasing need to recruit and retain more psychiatrists who can plan and implement organized programs to work with chronic mentally ill patients in community settings. The aim of study is to discover what training is currently in place to prepare psychiatrist for work in "community" or "public" settings. Methods : Survey questionnaires were mailed to 85 residency training directors and 10 leaders of community mental health in 2005. Response rate was 75%. Results : Academic seminar about community mental health were not administered to residents in 63% of training hospitals. Forty one out of 64 training hospitals had community mental health rotation programs, Community mental health center (50%) and day hospital (36%) were the most common type of programs. Few general hospital had affiliation with community mental health programs. The amount of time for clinical rotation varied from less than three months part time to 6 months fulltime, with most frequent form of one day per week for three month in second or third year of psychiatry residents. Conclusion : Further steps are needed to improve residency training curricula and to encourage well qualified psychiatrist to choose careers in community psychiatry.

中學校 科學科의 實驗實習敎材의 開發硏究Ⅱ

朴泳喆,韓麟傳,李春雨,權寧駿,朴弘緖 공주대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1982 과학교육연구 Vol.14 No.1

In this study a few laboratory teaching materials have been developed to be available for the effective performance of experiments and practices- a heart of inquiry learning-as a continuance of 'A study on the Development of Laboratory Teaching Materials for Middle School Science Course I' The present condition of science education has been investigated by means of questionaires, interviews and literature, the results of the present condition and problems in junior high schools are as follows: 1. The hours for science classes are considerably little for the teaching contents of science textbooks. 2. The level of teaching is beyond the student's capability in terms of their experience and intellectual development. 3. Science teachers are overburdened with much tasks, and laboratories and laboratory facilities are too insufficient and furthermore teaching is mainly conducted on the lecture method as a preperation for various entrance exams. 4. Teachers' eagerness and desirable attitude for teaching are required. In this study, materials for every branch of science have been developed to be available for the effective performance of experiments and practices through inquiries. The materials developed in this study are as follows: 1. In physics, measure apparatus of extremely small masses, length, and very little time intervals are developed. 2. In chemistry, new methods for gas generating apparatus and materials. are developed. 3. In biology, the size of quadrate and the method to decide the time in facilitating for the purpose of survey of botany community are introduced. The results of the investigation of natural enemy on Hyphantria cunea, and the study on collecting, breeding of Planaria are also shown. 4. In earth science, the laboratory teaching materials are developed for observing continuous spectrum and line spectrum. Putting the above results of study together, the suggestions are made to the effect as follows: 1. The quantity of learning should be reduced and the levels lowered in the new textbooks. 2. The development and distribution of various teaching materials(film, T,P., cassettes film, supplementary, textbook, program teaching material, individual learning material) is required. 3. The experimental instruments should be timely manufactured and distributed on the basis of effective administrative support to ensure their solidity and accuracy. 4. The concrete design to eliminate the teacher's burden should be contrived and the system for senion teachers in charge of science teaching in secondary schools, should be improved. 5. Teacher's research activities should be encouraged through various research institutes(Institute of science education , graduate school of education and the other research institutes.) 6. The disposition of laboratory assistant should be considered. 7. More positive supports from other societies relevant with education are much expected to be made.

有限要素法을 이용한 LNG선박용 배관의 응력해성에 관한 硏究

박선준,이병섭,홍성인 충남대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.16 No.1

The purpose of this study is to investigate the stress on the piping for LNG ships by using the Finite Element Method. By this method, we can estimate the working displacement, force and stress at each nodal point of equipped LNG piping. The results of the numerical analysis of piping for LNG ships are calculated. Through the analysis results and the comparison, the following conclusions are obtained ; (1)The weights of LNG and piping should be considered for calculating the stress on the piping of LNG Ships. (2)Sun effect should be considered for calculating the stress on the piping of LNG Ships. (3)The equipped LNG piping satisfy the relevant requirements of the IGC Code since the maximum stress, 17.3kg/mm2 at the elements of No.3 and No.12 for LNG piping sampled, is less than the allowable stress, 27.5kg/mm2 (4)To get more detailed stress value for the future, an additional study is necessary for dynamic load(for example, acceleration etc.,).