Nitrogen dioxide increases the risk of mortality in patients with idiopathic pulmonary

( Hocheol Kim ),( Hee-young Yoon ),( Sun-young Kim ),( Jin Woo Song ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.127 No.-

Purpose: Ambient air pollution is associated with the incidence, survival, acute exacerbation, and lung function changes in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, the effect of personal exposure to air pollutant are unknown. This study aimed to investigate the impacts of individual exposure to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm (PM10), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) on mortality in IPF patients. Methods: Total 1114 patients (mean age: 65.7 years, male: 80.5%) who were diagnosed with IPF at Asan Medical Center between 1995 and 2016 were included in this study. Annual-average concentrations of PM10 and NO2 at the address of individual patients were predicted by a national-scaled exposure prediction model based on air pollution concentration from 294 regulatory monitoring sites in 2006. The prediction models was calibrated by clinical (age, sex, the year at diagnosis, body mass index, smoking status, lung function, treatment status) and geographic (percentage of the elderly, educational attainment, gross regional domestic product, total regional population, degree of urbanization) covariates using a Cox proportional hazard model. Results: Median follow-up period was 3.8 years and 765 patients (68.8%) died during follow-up. In a univariate model, PM10 and NO2 were not associated with mortality. However, when prediction model adjusted by clinical and geographic covariates was used, NO2 was significantly associated with the mortality (HR, 1.172 for 10 μg/m3; p=0.039) although PM10 was not (HR, 1.030 for 10 μg/m3; p=0.708). When IPF patients were classified by age (≥65 years vs. <65 years), NO2 levels were significant prognostic factor in the elders (HR, 1.344 for 10 μg/m3; p=0.001), but not in youngers (HR, 1.010 for 10 μg/m3; p=0.945). PM10 was not associated with the mortality in IPF patients regardless of age. Conclusions: Increased exposure of NO2 is associated with an increased risk of mortality in IPF patients, particularly for the elderly.

A Simple Static Noise Margin Model of MOS CML Gate in CMOS Processes

Hocheol Jeong,Jaehyun Kang,Kang-Yoon Lee,Minjae Lee 대한전자공학회 2017 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.17 No.3

This paper presents a simple noise margin (NM) model of MOS current mode logic (MCML) gates especially in CMOS processes where a large device mismatch deteriorates logic reliability. Tradeoffs between speed and logic reliability are discussed, and a simple yet accurate NM equation to capture process-dependent degradation is proposed. The proposed NM equation is verified for 130-㎚, 110-㎚, 65-㎚, and 40-㎚ CMOS processes and has errors less than 4% for all cases.

Human lung microbial communities are associated with clinical outcome in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

( Hocheol Kim ),( Hee-young Yoon ),( Kwanghun Choi ),( Jin-woo Bae ),( Jin Woo Song ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.127 No.0

Purpose: Human lung microbiome are reported to be associated with survival, and acute exacerbation in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, composition and clinical impact of microbiobial communities in the IPF lung tissues are unknown. The study aimed to investigate the association between lung tissue microbiome and clinical outcome in IPF patients. Methods: This study included patients with IPF (n=20; 10 survivors and 10 non-survivors) and age- and sex-matched controls (n=20). The genomic DNA was extracted from human lung tissues and amplified using fusion primers targeting variable V3 and V4 regions of the 16S RNA genes with indexing barcodes. Results: The median follow-up period was 5.4 years. The mean age of IPF subjects was 63.3 years, and 65% were male. There were no significant differences in alpha diversity indices between IPF patients and controls, and between survivors and non-survivors among IPF patients. In IPF lung, the relative abundance of genus Lactobacillus, Paracoccus, and Akkermansia increased, whereas that of genus Caulobacter, Azonexus, Undibacterium decreased compared with that in controls. In IPF non-survivors, genus Streptococcus and Bifidobacterium significantly increased than those in IPF survivors. In IPF patients, forced vital capacity (FVC) showed positive correlation with relative abundance of genus Curvibacter (r = 0.590) and Thioprofundum (r = 0.458), and negative correlation with that of genus Anoxybacillus (r= - 0.509), Enterococcus (r = - 0.593), Akkermansia (r = - 0.505), and Clostridium (r = - 0.445). In the multivariate Cox analysis adjusted by age, sex, smoking, and FVC, the relative abundance of genus Streptococcus (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.993, p = 0.044), Sphingomonas (HR: 57.590, p = 0.024), and Clostridium (HR: 37.189, p = 0.038) were significantly associated with IPF mortality. Conclusions: Our results suggest that lung tissue microbial communities could affect disease severity and prognosis in patients with IPF.

Herbal Formula HT048 Attenuates Diet-induced Obesity by Improving Hepatic Lipid Metabolism and Insulin Resistance in Obese Rats

Yoon Hee Lee,Bora Jin,Sung Hyun Lee,Mi Kyung Song,Hyeon Hui Bae,Byung jae Min,Juyeon Park,Donghun Lee,Hocheol Kim 한국식품영양과학회 2016 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2016 No.10

Waste Utilization into Fabrication of Functional Biochar and Its Environmental Application

Hocheol Song,Gihoon Kwon,Kwnagsuk Yoon 대한환경공학회 2019 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2019 No.-

Engineered biochar composite fabricated from red mud and lipid waste and synthesis of biodiesel using the composite

Yoon, Kwangsuk,Jung, Jong-Min,Cho, Dong-Wan,Tsang, Daniel C.W.,Kwon, Eilhann E.,Song, Hocheol Elsevier 2019 Journal of hazardous materials Vol.366 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Co-pyrolysis of lipid waste and red mud was investigated to achieve valorization of red mud by fabricating biochar composite. For the further sustainable approach, this study intentionally employed carbon dioxide (CO<SUB>2</SUB>) as reaction medium in the co-pyrolysis process. The use of CO<SUB>2</SUB> on co-pyrolysis of lipid waste and red mud enabled manipulation of the carbon distributions between pyrogenic products. CO<SUB>2</SUB> expedited the thermal cracking of lipid waste and further reacted with lipid waste during the thermolysis. These mechanistic roles of CO<SUB>2</SUB> were catalytically enhanced by the presence of mineral phases (Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>) in red mud, thereby resulting in the enhanced formation of CO (40 times more at 550 °C). However, CO<SUB>2</SUB> suppressed dehydrogenation of lipid waste (∼ 50%), which resulted in the different pathway for reducing iron oxide in red mud. Moreover, as an aspect of valorization of red mud, catalytic capability of biochar composite was evaluated. As a case study, biodiesel (FAMEs) were synthesized, and all experimental findings suggested that biochar composite could be an effective catalyst for biodiesel synthesis. As compare to biodiesel synthesis using silica (92% yield at 360 °C), the equivalent biodiesel yield was achieved with the biochar at much lower temperature (130 °C).</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Valorization of red mud and lipid waste via the thermo-chemical process. </LI> <LI> Enhanced energy recovery in the thermo-chemical process using CO<SUB>2</SUB>. </LI> <LI> Fabrication of biochar composite from red mud and lipid waste. </LI> <LI> Biodiesel synthesis using biochar composite. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Carbon/Metal Composite Derived from Orange Peel and Red Mud in CO₂ for Co-adsorptive Removal of As(V) and Ni(II)

Kwangsuk Yoon,Gihoon Kwon,Hocheol Song 대한환경공학회 2019 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2019 No.-

A Simple Static Noise Margin Model of MOS CML Gate in CMOS Processes

Jeong, Hocheol,Kang, Jaehyun,Lee, Kang-Yoon,Lee, Minjae The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 2017 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.17 No.3

This paper presents a simple noise margin (NM) model of MOS current mode logic (MCML) gates especially in CMOS processes where a large device mismatch deteriorates logic reliability. Trade-offs between speed and logic reliability are discussed, and a simple yet accurate NM equation to capture process-dependent degradation is proposed. The proposed NM equation is verified for 130-nm, 110-nm, 65-nm, and 40-nm CMOS processes and has errors less than 4% for all cases.

Data Analysis using Psocake at PAL-XFEL

Shin, Hocheol,Kim, Seungnam,Yoon, Chun Hong 한국물리학회 2018 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol. No.

일부 고등학생들의 학교와 학원 코로나19 대응방역 신뢰도에 따른 코로나19 예방행동 실천의 차이

이호철(Hocheol Lee),윤혜진(Hyejin Yoon),김지언(Ji Eon Kim),남은우(Eun Woo Nam) 한국농촌의학 지역보건학회 2021 농촌의학·지역보건 Vol.46 No.3

본 연구는 고등학생의 학교와 학원의 코로나19 대응방역에 대한 신뢰도와 이에 따른 코로나19 예방실천의 차이를 비교함에 목적이 있다. 연구 자료는 고등학생을 대상으로 2020년 7월 2일부터 7월 17일까지 온라인 설문조사를 통해 자료를 수집하였으며, 수집된 232명의 고등학생 중 32명을 제외한 200명을 분석하였다. 카이제곱 검정과 이분형로지스틱회귀분석 등을 이용하여 분석하였다. 그 결과, 고등학생은 학교의 코로나19 대응에 대하여 학원보다 더 신뢰하고 있었으며, 학교만 다니는 학생의 코로나19 예방 실천율이 학교와 학원을 다니는 학생보다 높았다. 특히, 오염된 물건 접촉 후의 손씻기(p=.038), 엘리베이터 이용자제(p=.038)이 유의미하게 차이가 있었다. 학교의 코로나19 대응 신뢰정도에 따라서 대중교통기피(p=.028), 일렬착석 식사(p=.011)가 유의미한 차이가 있었으며, 학원의 대응 신뢰정도에 따라 재채기 시 입가림(p=.041)이 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 학교의 대응방역 신뢰도에 영향을 주는 코로나19 예방실천은 3개로 나타났으며, 재채기 시입가림(p=.002), 대중교통 기피(p=.043), 일렬착석식사(p=.025)이었다. 반면에 학원의 대응방역 신뢰도에 영향을 주는 코로나19 예방실천은 1개로 물건 접촉 후 손씻기(p=.039) 였다. 학교의 코로나19 대응방역 신뢰도가 학원보다 높은 이유는 보건교사이다. 보건교사는 교육부의 지침을 받아 코로나19 방역과 학생들에게 코로나19 예방실천 교육을 실시하고 있기 때문이다. 또한, 학원은 코로나19 방역에 대한 지침은 받지만, 이를 책임지고 이행하며 관리할 기관이 명확하지 않다. 따라서, 교육부와 지자체에서는 학원을 대상으로 코로나19 방역을 관리감독하고 코로나19 예방교육을 실시할 임시 순환 보건교사 배치 및 관리 체계를 강화할 필요가 있다. Objectives: This study aimed 1) to investigate high school students’ reliability on COVID-19 responses in schools and private academies and 2) to identify the differences in COVID-19 prevention practice. Methods: This cross-sectional survey collected data from 200 high school respondents, using an anonymous online questionnaire designed by the Yonsei Global Health Center, from July 2 to 17, 2020 in this study. Chi-square tests were conducted to analyze the differences in preventative practices and practice rates between schools and private academies. Binary logistics regression analysis was conducted to identify the factor affecting the reliability of COVID-19 response. Results: These high school students reliabilityed the schools’ COVID-19 response more than the private academy. In addition, students who studied only at school did more COVID-19 prevention practices than students who studied both at school and academy. There was a significant difference in avoiding public transportation (p=.028), sitting in one row while having a meal (p=.011) in the practice rates depending on the schools’ COVID-19 response. A significant difference in Covering the mouth when coughing and sneezing (p-.041) was also found in the practice rates depending on the private academies’ COVID-19 response. Conclusion: The reason why schools were more reliable than private academies was that there are health teachers. Because schools are supervised by the ministry of education, the Ministry of education and local government need to work together to manage and monitor the COVID-19 response in the academies through cooperation between two organizations. In addition, it is necessary to arrange a temporary circulation health teacher who will provide the COVID-19 prevention education at the academies.