Relationship between duration of disease and bronchial responsiveness in 6.8 years old children with asthma

( Eunhee Shim ),( Jinho Yu ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2014 Allergy Asthma & Respiratory Disease Vol.2 No.1

Purpose: Bronchial hyperresponsiveness is considered as a hallmark of asthma. The duration of asthma was demonstrated to be associated with bronchial responsiveness, expressed as methacholine PC20. We investigated the relationship between duration of asthma and percentage fall in forced vital capacity (FVC) at PC20 (ΔFVC), another index of bronchial responsiveness, which reflects excessive bronchoconstriction. Methods: Six- to 8-year-old children with asthma underwent methacholine inhalation test. The PC20 and ΔFVC were calculated for each individual. The subjects were classified into those with wheezing onset in the first three years of life (early-onset asthma [EA], n=63) and those with wheezing onset from three years onwards (late-onset asthma [LA], n=99). Results: From the time of wheezing onset, duration of asthma ranged from 0.2 to 8.3 years. The mean duration of asthma in patients with EA was 5.6 years (standard deviation [SD], 1.2 years), compared with 2.2 years (SD, 1.3 years) in the patients with LA. Patients with EA had a significantly lower forced expiratory volume in 1 second/FVC than did those with LA (84.6%±5.9% vs. 86.8%±5.1%, P<0.05). The ΔFVC was significantly higher in patients with EA than in those with LA (19.4%±5.1% vs. 17.0%±4.5%, P<0.01), but PC20 was not different between the two groups. In total subjects, asthma duration correlated significantly with ΔFVC (r=0.222, P<0.01), but not with PC20. Conclusion: These data suggest that prolonged asthma is associated with worsened bronchial responsiveness during childhood, and such an association may be reflected primarily by ΔFVC rather than PC20. (Allergy Asthma Respir Dis 2014;2:23-29)

패션 인스톨레이션에 나타난 신체 이미지 연구

심은희(Eunhee Shim),간호섭(Hosup Kan) 한국복식학회 2020 服飾 Vol.70 No.4

제5공화국 시기 한국사립유치원의 변천과정

심은희(Shim, Eunhee) 한국열린유아교육학회 2012 열린유아교육연구 Vol.17 No.6

본 논문은 유아교육진흥정책 시행 이후인 제5공화국(1980년-1988년)시기의 한국사립 유치원의 변천과정을 교육규모, 제도적, 행?재정적 측면에서 살펴보고 그 결과가 의미하는 바가 무엇인지 논의함으로써 이 시기 한국사립유치원의 공헌점과 제한점을 재조명해보는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구방법은 면담연구와 문헌연구로 이루어졌으며, 면담연구의 대상은 1980년 이후 사립유치원의 역사에 대해 증언해 줄 전문가 및 관계자로서 교육부 관계자, 장학사, 유아교육이나 유치원 관련 정부정책 및 유관단체와 직?간접적으로 관계가 있는 유아교육 전문가, 사립유치원에 재직했던 교원 및 기타 사립유치원과 관계가 있는 이들로 구성하였다. 문헌연구는 사립유치원과 관련된 학위논문, 소논문, 사립유치원 관련 국회회의록, 한국교육신문, 한국교육연감, 교육 관련 통계자료와 교육부 미출간 내부 자료, 한국교육개발원 자료, 한국어린이육영회 자료, 서울교육연수원 자료, 사립유치원연합회 자료, 각종 간행물 및 보고서를 수집하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 제5공화국(1980년-1988년)시기는 한국사립유치원이 다수의 유아를 위한 보편적 교육기관, 제도적, 행?재정적 지원의 대상이 되는 한국사립유치원 역사상 전환점의 시기였다는 중요한 의미와 공헌점이 있으나, 사립유치원 정책이 전문가와 교육부 관계자에 의해 일관성 있게 계획되지 않고, 정권 최고 책임자의 정치적 이념에 따라 결정되는 제한점이 있었음을 알 수 있었다. The aim of this study was to examine the developmental history of private kindergartens in Korea during the 5th Republic Government (from 1980 to 1988). The subjects selected were persons familiar with the development process of private kindergartens since 1980 in their activity fields. This study analyzed relevant literature, various publications and reports. This study shows that although in the seven years from 1980 to 1987, the explosive, quantitative growth of private kindergarten education became a very important turning point that changed from special education for small numbers of young children to a comprehensive one for many young children, the policies on private kindergartens during the 5th Republic Government was decided according to the power and authority. Therefore stable and long lasting, essentially-based education policies for private kindergartens must be implemented.

Doping effect of solution-processed thin-film transistors based on polyfluorene

Lim, Eunhee,Jung, Byung-Jun,Chikamatsu, Masayuki,Azumi, Reiko,Yoshida, Yuji,Yase, Kiyoshi,Do, Lee-Mi,Shim, Hong-Ku Royal Society of Chemistry 2007 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.17 No.14

<P>We report the fabrication of solution-processable organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) based on poly(9,9′-dioctylfluorene-<I>alt</I>-bithiophene) (F8T2) doped with an electron-acceptor, 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F<SUB>4</SUB>TCNQ). The 8% doping of the F8T2 film was found to result in an increased hole mobility, up to 0.01 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>−1</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP>, and in an improved on/off ratio, as well as in a low off-current, of the order of 10<SUP>−11</SUP> A. The doped F8T2 device was also found to exhibit a better threshold voltage and reduced hysteresis behavior. These improvements in performance are attributed to the formation of the F8T2-F<SUB>4</SUB>TCNQ complex, which results in better hole injection and improved device stability.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Solution-processable organic thin-film transistors based on polyfluorene doped with an electron-acceptor (F<SUB>4</SUB>TCNQ) showed improved device performance by the formation of a charge-transfer complex. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=b615720c'> </P>

대한소아치과학회지의 주요어와 의학주제표목의 일치도

김은희 (Eunhee Kim),김아현 (Ahhyeon Kim),심연수(Younsoo Shim),안은숙 (Eunsuk Ahn),전은영 (Eunyoung Jeon),안소연 (Soyoun An) 大韓小兒齒科學會 2016 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.43 No.2

The purpose of this study is to analyze the equality between keywords used in the Journal of the Korean Academy of Pediatric Dentistry and medical subject headings (MeSH). A total of 4,353 English keywords in 1,165 papers from 1998 to 2014 were eligible for this study. We classified them according to equality to MeSH. We assayed patterns of errors in using MeSH, and reviewed frequently used non-MeSH terms. 24.9% of total keywords were completely coincident with MeSH terms, 75.1% were not MeSH terms. The results show that the accordance rate of keywords with MeSH terms in the Journal of the Korean Pediatric Dentistry is at a low level. Therefore, there is a need for authors to understand MeSH more specifically and accurately. Use of proper keywords aligned with the international standards such as MeSH is important to be properly cited. Authors should pay attention and be educated on the correct use of MeSH as keywords. 이 연구의 목적은 대한소아치과학회지에서 사용된 주요어와 의학주제표목(medical subject headings, MeSH)와의 일치도를 분석하는 것이다. 1998년부터 2014년까지 대한소아치과학회지에 게재된 1165편의 논문에서 총 4353개의 주요어를연구대상으로 하여, MeSH와 일치하는 단어와 일치하지 않는 단어로 분류하였다. 주요어의 24.9%는 MeSH 용어와 일치하였고, 75.1%는 일치하지 않았다. 이 결과는 대한소아치과학회지의 주요어와 MeSH와의 일치도가 낮음을 보여준다. 따라서MeSH를 더 구체적이고 정확하게 이해할 필요가 있다. MeSH와 같은 적절한 주요어를 사용하는 것은 국제적인 기준에 부합하기 위해 필요하다. 저자들은 주요어로써 적절한 MeSH 용어를 사용하도록 주의를 기울여야 할 것이다.

과학 관련 진로에 대한 포부가 낮은 초등 4학년 학생들의 과학 정체성 탐색

강은희 ( Eunhee Kang ),김찬종 ( Chan Jong Kim ),최승언 ( Seung Urn Choe ),노태희 ( Tae Hee Noh ),유준희 ( June Hee Yoo ),심수연 ( Soo Yean Shim ),김희백 ( Heui Baik Kim ) 한국과학교육학회 2014 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.34 No.7

이 연구는 과학 정체성 개념을 사용하여 초등학교 4학년 학생들의과학 관련 진로에 대한 포부를 탐색하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구를 위해 2013년 서울에 소재한 3개 초등학교의 4학년 학생들을 대상으로 한 과학 활동 경험에 대한 설문조사에서 과학에 대한 흥미는 높으나 관련 진로 포부가 낮다고 보고한 학생들(N=45)을 선별하였다. 이 가운데 연구 참여에 동의한 19명 학생들을 대상으로 과학 정체성(흥미, 능력, 타인에 의한 인정) 및 과학 관련 활동의 경험과 인식에 대해 심층 면담을 진행하였다. 면담에서 대부분의 학생들은 제한적이거나 상황적으로 유발되는 과학에 대한 흥미를 보였으며, 자신의 과학 능력과 과학 진로를 위해 필요한 능력의 차이, 또는 긍정적이지 않은 타인의 평가에 대한 인식을 가지고 있었다. 또한, 참여자들의 과학 정체성과 과학 관련 진로에 대한 낮은 포부는 과학 관련 활동에 대한 그들의 관심과 참여를 제한하였다. 참여자들은 대부분 상황적인 흥미를 유발시키는 일회적인 활동에 관심을 보였고, 실제 이러한 활동에 참여하였다. 이들은 자신들이 하는 활동이 과학 진로를 원하는 학생이 하는 활동과 다르다고 분명하게 구분하였고, 자신들의 능력이 부족하거나, 과학 관련 진로와 관련된다고 판단되는 활동들을 기피하였다. 참여자들의 부정적인 과학 정체성과 관련 진로에 대한 낮은 포부는 이들의 과학 관련 진로에 대한 높은 기준에 바탕을 두고 있었다. 이들의 잘못된 과학 관련 진로에 대한 인식과 기대는 참여자들이 자신과 과학관련 진로 학생과의 차이를 갖게 하고, 과학 관련 진로를 선택하기에 과학에 대한 흥미, 능력, 타인의 평가가 충분하지 않다고 판단하도록하였다. 이러한 결과는 과학과 관련하여 어린 학생들의 현재 상태를 파악하고, 과학 관련 진로에 대한 포부를 높이기 위한 활동의 목표와 전략을 모색하는데 함의를 제공할 것이다. The aim of this study is to explore why Korean 4th graders’ interest in science was not connected to career aspirations in science using the perspective of science identity. Forty-five students with a highinterest in science but with low science-related aspirations have been chosen from 488 elementary school students who have completed a questionnaire exploring students’ interest and career aspirations in science. Among them, 19 who have received parental permission participated in in-depth interviews examining students’ science identities (interest, competence, and recognition by others in science) and their experiences and perceptions of science-related activities. The results showed that most students have limited or situational interest in science, a gap between the perception of their competence in science and their competence for a science-related career, and negative recognition by others in science. Also,participants’ science identities and low aspirations for a science-related career constrained their attention and participation in science-related activities. Students’ negative science identities and low aspirations for science-related careers were based on the high standards of science-related careers. It seems thatthese erroneous perceptions and expectations led them to differentiate themselves from students pursuing science-related careers, as well as to perceive that their interest, competence, and recognition by others in science were not enough to pursue a science-related career. This study has implications for understandingthe current condition of young students with low aspirations for science careers and exploring desirable objectives and strategies to promote activities to raise their aspirations for science-related careers.

Synthesis and Electroluminescent Properties of New Amorphous Cyclohexyl- and Hexyl-substituted Ter(9,9-dialkylfluorene)s

Lim, Eunhee,Jung, Byung-Jun,Kim, Sung Min,Kim, Bong Ok,Shim, Hong-Ku The Chemical Society of Japan 2008 Chemistry letters Vol.37 No.7

<P>A series of ter(9,9-dialkylfluorene)s (TFs) containing cyclohexyl and hexyl side groups has been synthesized via the Suzuki coupling reaction. Their chemical structures were characterized by <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR and <SUP>13</SUP>C NMR. All TFs were soluble in common organic solvents and showed good thermal stability up to 400 °C. In particular, T(CHC)F composed of two 9,9-bis(cyclohexylmethyl)fluorenes and one dihexylfluorene showed improved thermal stability over T(HHH)F and was found to be amorphous, unlikely with T(CCC)F. A light-emitting diode device fabricated with an ITO/2-TNATA/NPB/TFs/Alq<SUB>3</SUB>/Liq/Al configuration exhibited blue light emission with EL maxima at 450 nm and EL efficiency of 1.1 cd/A.</P>

Improved Electrical Conduction Properties in Unintentionally-doped ZnO Thin Films Treated by Rapid Thermal Annealing

이영민,Choeun Lee,Eunhee Shim,Eiwhan Jung,Jinyong Lee,김득영,이세준,Dejun Fu,윤형도 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.4

The effects of thermal treatments on the electrical conduction properties for the unintentionallydoped ZnO thin films were investigated. Despite the decreased carrier density in the annealed ZnO thin films, the conductivity was increased because the contribution of the effective carrier mobility to the conductivity of the unintentionally-doped ZnO thin films is greater than that of the carrier density. The resistivity exponentially decreased with increasing RTA temperature, and this result was confirmed to come from the enhanced effective carrier-mobility, which originated from the increased crystallite size in the annealed ZnO thin films.

온라인 게임의 상호작용성이 사용자 충성도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 : 게임 장르별 연구

한영춘(Youngchoon Han),심수진(Sujin Shim),공다영(Dayoung Kong),황은희(Eunhee Hwang),임성택(Seongtaek Rim) 한국산업경영학회 2013 경영연구 Vol.28 No.1

본 연구는 온라인 게임 사용자의 몰입 및 충성도에 영향을 미치는 요인들의 효과를 분석하였다. 특히 상호작용성 관점에서 접근하여 게임 사용자의 몰입도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 커뮤니티 상호작용과 기계적 상호작용으로 구분하였다. 온라인 게임 커뮤니티 상호작용은 온라인 게임에 참여한 사용자간의 정보 교환 및 집단 형성을 통한 상호작용을 개념화한 것으로 커뮤니티 소속감, 커뮤니티 지원을 포함하였으며, 온라인 게임 서비스를 제공하는 시스템과 사용자의 상호작용인 기계적 상호작용 요인에는 사용자 목표, 사용자 조작성, 사용자 보상이 포함되었다. 또한 온라인 게임의 장르에 따라 이러한 요인들의 영향력이 달라질 것으로 보고 온라인 게임의 장르에 따른 영향력의 차이를 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 온라인 게임 사용자의 커뮤니티 소속감과 사용자 조작성, 사용자 보상이 게임 사용자의 몰입에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 게임 장르에 따른 선행요인들의 조절효과를 검증한 결과 모든 상호작용 특성에 대해 조절 효과가 있음을 확인하였다. 이는 게임 장르에 따라 게임에 몰입하는 요인이 서로 다름을 의미하므로 실무차원에서 게임 장르별로 특별한 상호작용 환경을 고려하여 제작에 반영해야 할 것이다. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of online game interactivity on user flow and loyalty. Based on the literature, the online game interactivity was divided into community interactivity and system interactivity. Community affinity and community support were included in the research model as the community interactivity while user goals, user manipulation, and user compensation were included as the system interactivity. In addition, the type of online games was introduced as a moderating variable to analyze the interaction effect between the online game interactivity and the user flow. The questionnaire survey was conducted and data were collected from college students in Daegu and Kyungbook areas. The results of PLS analysis provide the following findings. First, community affinity, user manipulation, and user compensation were found to be significantly related to online game user flow. Second, online game user flow was found to be significantly related to online game user loyalty. Third, the type of online game was found to have interaction effect for all independent variables.

p-Type Organic Thin Film Transistors Based on Biphenyl and Fluorene End-Capped Fused Bithiophenes

Noh, Yong-Young,Kim, Dong-Yu,Shim, Hong-Ku,Lim, Eunhee,Jung, Byung-Jun 한국공업화학회 2004 응용화학 Vol.8 No.2

We report on high performance and stable novel p-type active oligomers for organic thin film transistors based on a structural combination of fused bithiophene with fluorene or biphenyl unit. A higher field-effect mobility and device stability after UV irradiation was achieved with biphenyl end-capped fused bithiophene (BPTT) than the fluorene end-capped derivative (BFTT). Moreover, it is noteworthy that both molecules, especially BPTT, showed a high performance, almost the same or a slight decrease in field effect mobility and I_(ON)/T_(OFF), even after they were kept under ambient conditions for more than one month.