수족냉증(手足冷症) 환자(患者)에 대(對)한 컴퓨터 적외선(赤外線) 체열촬영(體熱撮影)의 의의(意義)

조유경,오수완,조남희,김동묵,김진성,류봉하,박동원,류기원,Cho, Yu-Kyung,Oh, Su-Wan,Cho, Nam-Hee,Kim, Dong-Mook,Kim, Jin-Seong,Ryu, Bong-Ha,Park, Dong-Won,Ryu, Ki-Won 대한한방내과학회 1998 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.19 No.2

To make a objective diagnosis of the syndrome of cold-limbs, We investigated the 20 patients with cold limbs and GI trouble and 20 normal people as a control group. And we compared the thermal difference between Chon-jung(CV17) and Chung-wan(CV12 中脘), Chon-jung(CV17) and Ki-hae(氣海 CV6) and we compared the thermal differences of No-gung(PE8 勞宮) and Yong-chon(湧泉 KI1), too. The results were as follows. 1. All 20 patients had GI trouble and cold limbs. They had the symptom-Indigestion(16 cases-80%) with heart burn, tympanites, abdominal distention, hiccup, belching. Beside that symptom they also had constipation(6 cases-30%), diarrhea(3 cases-15%), headache & dizziness(6 cases-30%). And some had the menstrual syndrome, chronic fatigue, palpitation, insomnia, edema, arthralgia. 2. The thermal difference of the palms between the patients group and the control group were $25.70^{\circ}C,\;25.82^{\circ}C$, but they were not significant. 3. The thermal difference of the soles between the patients group and the control group were $23.58^{\circ}C,\;24.42^{\circ}C$ and the significancy was P=0.020 so it was significant(P<0.05). 4. The thermal difference of the palms and Chon-jung(CV17) between the patients group and the control group were $1.08^{\circ}C,\;0.76^{\circ}C$, but they were not significant. 5. The thermal difference of the sales and Chon-jung(CV17) between the patients group and the control group were $3.01^{\circ}C,\;1.90^{\circ}C$ and the significancy was P=0.003 so it was significant(P<0.05). 6. The thermal difference of Chon-jung(CV17) and Chung-wan(CV12 中脘) between the patients group and the control group was $0.30^{\circ}C,\;0.62^{\circ}C$ and the significancy was P=0.793 so it was significant(P<0.05). 7. The thermal difference of Chon-jung(CV17) and Ki-hae(CV6 氣海) between the patients group and the control group was $0.53^{\circ}C,\;0.68^{\circ}C$, but they were not significant. From the above, I could find the significance of D.I.T.I to diagnose the cold-feet not the cold-hands and the thermal difference between the trunk and limbs was more significant on cold-feet than on cold-hand, either.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

Triazole계 건묘육성제 처리가 '삼복꿀' 수박의 유묘생장에 미치는 영향

박유진,강봉화,정기윤,이정명 경희대학교식량자원개발연구소 2006 硏究論文集 Vol.25 No.-

수박의 시설재배 육묘 시 일조량이 부족하여 도장, 과번무가 필연적으로 발생하므로 이에 대한 생장억제물질의 이용도 폭넓게 실용화되고 있다. 본 실험은 수박 품종 중 가장 대표적으로 재배되는 삼복꿀 품종을 접목묘와 무접목묘로 나누어 triazole계 건묘육성제의 처리 방법, 처리 회수, 처리 농도에 따른 반응성을 비교하였는데 공시 물질로는 triazole계 살균제로 국내에 등록된 빈나리(diniconazole)와 Bonzi(paclobutrazol)을 유묘에 살포와 토양주입 처리하였다. 빈나리의 경우 토양주입처리보다 살포처리가 더 효과적이었고 Bonzi는 두 처리 수준 모두에서 강한 왜화 효과를 나타냈다. 처리 회수에 따른 반응성은 1회 처리만으로 충분하였으며 2회 처리는 왜화 효과가 지나치게 강하게 나타났다. 이러한 경향은 무접목묘나 접목묘에서 거의 유사하였다. 건묘육성제의 종류로는 농도조절만 적합하다면 어느 것이라도 소정의 건묘육성 효과를 거둘 수 있었는데 빈나리는 본엽 3~4매시 25 mg·L^(-1) 수준으로, 그리고 Bonzi는 5 mg·L^(-1) 수준으로 엽면살포하는 것이 가장 적절하였다. Use of commercial plug seedlings has been markedly increased in recent years with development of mechanized production systems. However, plug seedlings are prone to overgrow because of the short period maintaining the healthy seedling character when grown in small-volume cell. The triazole bioregulators are registered primarily as fungicides, even though some of them have been used as plant bioregulators due to the remarkable growth inhibitory effects. Spray treatments of diniconazole and paclobutrazol suppressed growth of watermelon seedlings especially when treated at earlier stages. The higher the treatment concentration, the stronger the growth retarding effect, in general. Foliar spray of diniconazole at 25 mg·L^(-1) was recommended for proper growth suppression in both grafted and non-grafted watermelon seedlings, while soil injection method was less effective. On the other hand, paclobutrazol at 5 mg·L^(-1) was effective in spray treatment and 25 mg·L^(-1) for soil treatment.

아산시 폐기물 처리현황

박종안,한성현,손부순,이종화,장봉기 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2001 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.7 No.1

This study was performed to investigates problem understanding correctly about all sorts present condition connected with current Asan city municipal solid wastes, and it wished to present way that can cope actively about predicted waste problem because establishing reasonable plan of wastes administration. The summarize result that examine from June, 1999 to May, 2000, is as following. 1.Until end of 1998 Asan city's number of total population being 180,224 people, is being low, but recently look sudden increase trend than our country average population increase rate 1.1% of 1994 years by yearly mean population increase rate 0.954% of past 21 years. Population size per generation was 5.4 people in 1978 but dropped to 3.0 people in 1998 because becoming low gradually. 2.Is high by 1998 years house self-support rate(93.95%) of Asan city, house form singleness house about 50% occupy, and the next time was 40.1% into apartment. 3.The average purity life wastes amount per 1 day including recycling is 164 tonnage in 1999, and more daytime expressed the occurrence amount than 0.963kg that life wastes amount of materials that 1 person comes forward in succession 1 day is national average of 1998 by 0.902kg in 1999. 4.The amount of Asan city's life wastes were higher than 59.3% that combustibility is national average by 64.8% in 1999, and was lower ratio than national average 28.7% by 26.5%. 5.The compositional weight fraction of food garbage, 42.3%, papers, 20%, in Asan city's wastes. 6.Occurrence amount of incombustibility ingredient appeared by thing which home which use briquet in heating yet because used briquet among them is higher than national average 17.2% by 27.2% being 14.7 ton/day is higher than national average. 7.Occurrence amount of recycling ingredient of Asan city life waste expressed the highest ratio by scrap iron kind 54.4% among two being 45.8 ton, and next many things occupied about 22% by paper kind. 8.The amount of landfill wastes except recycling in Asan city is 76.4 ton/day. 9.The purity landfill wastes amount that use volume-rate garbage disposal system envelope sale present condition (data 1997) is come to 66.6% of 76.4 ton that is normal that is carried to landfill 1 day and remainder 25.5 ton (33.4%) can presume that it occupies that unuse large size waste and partial volume-rate garbage disposal system envelope because whole Asan city gets into 50.9 ton/day by 0.280kg/day/person.

γ-ray 조사에 의한 제주산 양파의 발아 및 성분변화에 미치는 영향

박용봉,김재하,김기택 제주대학교 방사능이용연구소 2001 연구보고 Vol.15 No.-

제주지방에서 양파 저장에 관한 γ-ray 처리와 저장장소에 대한 실험을 하였다. 발아율은 저온저장, 상온저장, 동굴저장에 관계없이 무처리 양파는 약 5개월째부터 발아와 발근이 시작되었고 시간이 지날수록 증가하였으나 8월상순경에는 0Krad에서 동굴에 저장한 것은 50%, 상온에 저장한 것은 20%의 발아율을 나타내었다. 그러나 3Krad, 6Krad 처리한 것은 6개월까지는 거의 발아하지 않았다. 중량 감소는 발아와 밀접한 관계가 있는데 발아가 시작하기 전 40일 까지는 모든 처리에서 차이가 없었지만 발아가 시작되면서부터 급격히 감소하였다. 저온저장한 것은 부패율이 약 5~10%내외로 7개월후에도 식용이 가능하였으나 상온에 저장한 것은 0Krad에서 50% 정도 부패한 반면 3 Krad 및 6 Krad를 조사한 것은 저온저장인 경우 5%, 동굴저장인 경우 30 - 35%, 상온에 저장한 것은 30% 정도의 부패율을 나타내었다. 방사선조사의 다당류 변화에 대한 연구는 비교적 많이 이루어졌는데 동굴저장과 상온저장에서는 저장초기에는 3Krad 및 6Krad 조사한 것이 0 Krad보다 다소 증가 했으나 후기로 갈수록 역시 처리한 것이 양은 적으나 0Krad보다는 증가한 사실을 알 수 있었다. Allium속 채소류에 많이 들어있는데 유황은 저장장소에 관계없이 0Krad에서는 저장후반기로 갈수록 적어졌고 냉장저장한 것은 3 Krad 및 6Krad의 선량간에는 다소 차이가 있었으나 저장초기에는 유황함량이 증가하다가 12월 말경 부터는 점차 감소하는 경향을 보였다. For storage extension of Cheju grown onions, γ-ray irradiations with doses of 0Krad, 3Krad, and 6Krad were applied to onionbulbs produced in Cheju Island and their quality were compared during storage at natural cavern, low temperature (2℃), and ambient temperature. Sprouting began approximately from five months storage regardless of storage types which increased as storage extended. From early August, sprouting occured in natural cavern storage as high as 50%, in ambient temperature it was 20% in 0Krad, whereas onions with 3Krad and 6Krad γ-ray dose did not show sprouting until six months. No significant weight loss were observed in all the treatments until sprouting occured after 40 days of storage. The loss, however remarkably increased after 40 days of storage indicating that weight loss is closely correlated with percent sprouting during storage. Low temperature stored onions which showed 5-10% of rotting rates were still edible. Rotting rates reached to as high as 50% for unirradiated ambient temperature stored onions after seven months while they were 5%, 33%, and 30% in low temperature, natural cavern, and ambient temperature respectively in irradiated groups. Sugar contents were slightly increased in later period in irradiated onions under ambient temperature storage although sugar contents which included in Allium vegetables generally decreased in later storage of unirradiated onions. Sulfur contents slightly increased in early storage in irradiated onions while showed gradual decrease although the differences were not significant.

외상성 고막천공의 임상적 고찰

박형욱,김용기,임동명,윤신의,최봉남 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1992 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.17 No.1

The authors observed the clinical findings of 99 cases of traumatic drum perforations, who visited the department of otolaryngology of Chosun University Hospital and KwangYang Hospital from January 1988 to August 1991 The results obtained were as follows; 1) As an etiologic factor, the indirect trauma occupies the most case (79.8%), out of which the most cases is by assault. 2) Age distribution indicates 30 decade(32.3%) and 20 decade(26.3%) in the declining order and sex distribution indicates male to female is 1;1.3. 3) On occupation, house wife is the most frequently involved (35.4%) and officials & students are in the next order. 4) Most common complaint is Hearing impairment and the next complaints are tinnitus, otalgia and hemorrhage in order. 5) The most frequent site of perforation is the central portion of anteroinferior and posteroinfehor quadrant, Gradel in size and triangular shape are common. 6) Seasonal variation indicates that the most frequent occurence of perforation is on summer. 7) Average 25-35㏈ of hearing loss is most common, and the degree of hearing loss is well correlated with the size of perforation. 8) Two way of therapeutic measure are compared. a. stimulating with trichloroacetic acid ; spontaneously healing in 22 cases (22.2%) b. closing procedure with paper patch ; healing in 68 cases (68.7%) 9)The overall healing time is within 2 months in the most of case (about 80%).

CT 영상에서 메쉬 필터를 이용한 장기의 추출

박종원,김원봉,한기선,유승화,성윤창 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1999 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.14 No.1

In this paper, we studied on the segmentation of liver and spleen in CT image. The proposed algorithm used th information of gray value and location for these organs, and gray value of each organ is automatically estimated by using mesh filter. And also, th proposed algorithm in this paper used the position searching lines based on the information for each organ. Therefore, target organ is exactly segmented without separated organs loss. A trimming algorithm, which use a morphological filter, is provided to remove such noise in order for the organ to have a smooth contour. The small holes of the liver inside are filled up by erosion and the size of the organ reverts to the original state by dilation. The algorithms have been applied to the CT images of thirty persons, which results in 5% error rate of the volume of each organ

우리나라 화학물질 분류 및 표시체계 분석

박종안,장봉기,이종화,김은화,김춘득,여은영,남상훈 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2004 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.10 No.2

Classification and Labelling system of Chemicals is a very important element for management of chemical safety. Classification and labelling system of Chemicals is very different among countries. This becomes a barrier for transportation of chemicals across counties. Recently, several international organizations (OECD,UNEP,ILO etc.) endeavor to harmonize classification and labelling of chemicals. In this study, we analyze classification and labelling system of chemical described in several regulations of our country, and examine acivities of IOMC(Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals)for harmonization of classification and labelling of chemicals. The Toxic Chemical Control Law, the Fire Services Law and the Industrial Safety and Health Law are the major regulation of management of chemical safety. Classification and labelling systems of chemical vary among several regulations. Particularly, labelling system of chemicals in transport vehicles are not appropriate in response to chemical accident. We suggest that task force team consisted with inter-administrative branches is needed to harmonize classification and labelling of chemicals, and recommend the introduction of UN number in labelling systems of chemicals in transport vehicles.

濟州地方에서 한라부추(Allium taquetii) 栽培法 確立에 關한 硏究 : Ⅰ. 赤色光과 植物生長調節劑가 種子發芽에 미치는 영향 Ⅰ. Effect of Red Light and Plant Growth Regulators on Seed Germination

朴庸奉,康勳,金基澤 제주대학교 1991 논문집 Vol.33 No.-

한라부추 種子發芽에 對한 溫度, 光質(赤色光), 低溫處里 및 몇가지 植生物長調節劑를 處里하여 發芽하는 狀態를 調査한 結果 다음과 같은 結論을 얻었다. 1. 한라부추의 發芽適溫은 20∼25℃였으며 高溫인 30℃에서는 發芽가 極히 抑制되었다. 2. 赤色光은 15∼20℃ 溫度에서는 發芽促進 效果가 있었지만 25℃以上의 溫度에서는 그 促進效果가 喪失되었다. 그리고 모든 溫度에서 暗處理와 類似한 發芽樣相을 보였다. 3. 低溫處理 한 것은 對照區와 거의 비슷한 傾向을 나타내었다. 4. NAA는 發芽抑制 效果가 나타나 對照區보다 오히려 發芽率이 떨어지는 傾向을 나타내었다. GA는 25㎎/ℓ, Ethephon은 50㎎/ℓ, BA는 10㎎/ℓ에서 發芽가 가장 促進되었으나, Ethephon과 BA의 경우 濃度가 높을 수록 發芽抑制 程度가 심하였다. In view of seed germination of Halla gynmigit (Allium taquetii) its known to grow wild (natually) at the 110m level of Mt. Halla. A study was conducted to see if several plant growth regulators, high and low temperature and red light treatment have any promotive influence on the germination of Halla gynmigit seed and its practical value, when applied at various concentrations. 1) 20~25℃ showed promotion of germination of Hallh gynmigit seeds and shortened the mean number of days necessary for germination, while deleyed germination was observed if 30℃ was applied. 2) Red light promoted the seed germination of Halla gynmigit at 15~20℃, but at the over 25℃, promotive effect was lost. 3) the low temperature treatment group was not more significantly influence than the control. 4) The NAA treatment showed the effect of germination retard, On the contrary, The germination percentage was decreased less than that of the control. However, GA 25㎎/ℓ, Ethephon 50㎎/ℓ, and BA 10㎎/ℓ promoted the germinaton percentage markedly. Especially. BA and Ethephon treatment at latively higher concentration levels resulted in less seed germination.

이차원 LMS 알고리즘의 Systolic Array 구현

박완수,최훈,홍기섭,박봉수,배현덕 충북대학교 컴퓨터 정보통신 연구소 2000 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.8 No.1

적응알고리듬의 VLSI 구현에 있어서 파이프라이닝이나 시스토릭과 같은 구조적 설계기법을 이용하여 알고리듬을 변환하는 것은 효과적이다. 알고리듬 변환은 z-변환 영역에서 연산의 규칙성과 반복성을 찾아 이루어 진다. 본 논문에서는 이차원 필터와 계수갱신 시스템을 시스토릭 구조로 설계하여 LMS의 확장 형태인 TDLMS을 STDLMS로 변환한다. 변화된 STDLMS를 이용 이차원 ALE를 Altera사의 Max-PlusII 상에서 구현하여 시뮬레이션을 통해 성능을 평가한다. 시뮬레이션 결과 salt-pepper 잡음과 가우시안 잡음에 오염된 화상을 ALE가 개선할 수 있음을 보였다. In VLSI realization of adaptive algorithm. it is necessary and efficient that the algorithm is transformed to structural one suitably using architectural design techniques such as pipelining or systolic array. These transform method use regular and recursive of operation of the algorithm on z-transform domain. In this paper, the TDLMS which is a extended version of LMS is transformed to STDLMS which has systolic array architecture in two dimensional filter and coefficients update system. The transformed STDLMS is applied for realization of two dimensional ALE. And the ALE performances are evaluated by Max-PlusII of Altera Co.. The simulation results show that the ALE enhances image data which were corrupted by salt-pepper noise and Gaussian noise.