A Comparison of Lyophilized Amniotic Membrane with Cryopreserved Amniotic Membrane for the Reconstruction of Rabbit Corneal Epithelium

Ahn Jae-Il,Jang In-Keun,Lee Doo-Hoon,Seo Young-Kwon,Yoon Hee-Hoon,Shin Youn-Ho,Kim Jae-Chan,Song Kye-Yong,Lee Hee-Gu,Yang Eun-Kyung,Kim Ki-Ho,Park Jung-Keung The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengine 2005 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.10 No.3

Many researchers have employed cryopreserved amniotic membrane (CAM) in the treatment of a severely damaged cornea, using corneal epithelial cells cultured on an amniotic membrane (AM). In this study, two Teflon rings were made for culturing the cells on the LAM and CAM, and were then used to support the AM, which is referred to in this paper as an Ahn's AM supporter. The primary corneal epithelial cells were obtained from the limbus, using an ex-plantation method. The corneal epithelium could be reconstructed by culturing the third­passage corneal epithelial cells on the AM. A lyophilized amniotic membrane (LAM) has a higher rate of graft take, a longer shelf life, is easier to store, and safer, due to gamma irradiation, than a (AM. The corneal epithelium reconstructed on the LAM and (AM, supported by the two­Teflon rings, was similar to normal corneal epithelium. However, the advantages of the LAM over that of the (AM make the former more useful. The reconstruction model of the corneal epithelium, using AM, is considered as a good in vitro model for transplantation of cornel epithelium into patients with a severely damaged cornea.

Reconstruction of Rabbit Corneal Epithelium on Lyophilized Amniotic Membrane Using the Tilting Dynamic Culture Method

Ahn, Jae-Il,Lee, Doo-Hoon,Ryu, Yang-Hwan,Jang, In-Keun,Yoon, Mun-Young,Shin, Youn Ho,Seo, Young-Kwon,Yoon, Hee-Hoon,Kim, Jae-Chan,Song, Kye-Yong,Yang, Eun-Kyung,Kim, Ki-Ho,Park, Jung-Keug Blackwell Publishing Inc 2007 Artificial Organs Vol.31 No.9

<P>Abstract: </P><P>Rabbit corneal epithelium was reconstructed using tilting dynamic culture with a self-manufactured, amniotic membrane (AM) supporter and a lyophilized amniotic membrane (LAM). Rabbit corneal epithelial (RCE) cells were cultured and cryopreserved after isolation from the limbus. The second- and third-passage RCE cells were plated onto the epithelial side of the LAM of Ahn's AM supporter. Two days later, the air–liquid interface culture was maintained with third-passage RCE cells for 6 days and second-passage corneal epithelial cells for 9 days. The average viability of thawed RCE cells, assessed using trypan blue dye exclusion, was 77.42%. The reconstructed corneal epithelium was characterized by histological (hematoxylin and eosin) and immunohistochemical staining (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) for light microscopy, and by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, glucose assay, and transmission electron microscopy. The basal layer of the reconstructed corneal epithelium was well formed, and the epithelium was tightly constructed due to the increase in cell proliferation and differentiation caused by the tilting dynamic culture, as opposed to static culture. Tilting dynamic culture was useful for the reconstruction of the epithelium using easily damaged epithelial cells and resulted in more stratum cell layers. Moreover, cytokeratin (CK3) mRNA expression in tilting dynamic cultured third-passage RCE cells seeded onto AM was greater than in static cultured third-passage RCE cells. The morphology of the reconstructed corneal epithelium on LAM by tilting dynamic culture for 9 days resembled that of the skin epidermis. This was thought to be because the tilting dynamic culture not only accelerated the proliferation and differentiation of cells by physical or mechanical stimulation, but also ensured that the supply of medium was delivered to the basal cells more efficiently. Thus, the reconstruction of the corneal epithelium using LAM and tilting dynamic culture was considered to be a good in vitro model for autologous or allogeneic transplantation of corneal epithelium and skin epidermis in patients with damaged epithelia. </P>

전통누룩 진균류를 이용한 입국의 제조 및 입국곰팡이의 동정

김재호 ( Jae Ho Kim ),권영희 ( Young Hee Kwon ),이애란 ( Ae Ran Lee ),김혜련 ( Hye Ryun Kim ),안병학 ( Byung Hak Ahn ) 한국균학회 2012 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.40 No.4

Various koji were prepared by fungi isolated from traditional nuruk and their quality characteristics were investigated. Acidity and saccharification power of their koji were ranged in 5.0~6.8 and 128sp~241sp. Nine fungi which were showed good quality and sensory evaluation were identified by analysis of their nucleotide sequences with PCR-amplified 18S rDNA internal transcribed spacer-1(ITS-1) and ITS-4 genes. Among them, six strains were identified as Aspergillus oryzae and the other strains were identified as Mycocladus corymbiferus, Rhizopus oryzae, Lichtheimia corymbifera.

동국대학병원 재활의학과 근전도실의 전기진단학적 검사 분석

권용욱,안재홍 동국대학교 경주대학 1996 東國論集 Vol.15 No.-

1995년 12월부터 1996년 8월까지 신경근육계질환이 의심되어 동국대학교 경주병원 재활의학과 근전도실에서 근전도검사를 시행한 482례를 대상으로, 환자 분포 및 검사전 의뢰 진단과 전기진단학적 결과를 비교 분석하였다. 환자의 연령은 1개월에서 80세까지로, 평균 43세였고, 남자는 60%로 여자환자에 비해 약간 많은 것으로 나타났다. 의뢰 건수에서는 정형외과가 근전도를 가장 많이 의뢰한 것으로 나타났고 재활의학과, 신경외과 순이었다. 의뢰 진단은 radiculopathy가 가장 많았고, 의뢰 당시 의심하는 진단을 밝히지 않은 경우가 7례였다. 검사전 의뢰 진단과 검사 시행후 전기진단학적 진단의 일치율은 46.5%로 나타났고, 가장 일치율이 낮은 것은 radiculopathy였다. 근전도 검사에 대한 깊은 이해와 관심이 검사의 활용도를 높일 수 있으리라 사료된다. The electrodiagnostic findings and pre-test diagnosis of 482 patients with neuromuscular disorder, who were referred to our EMG laboratory from Dec. 1995 to Aug. 1996, were analyzed. Of 482 cases, 290(60%) were male, and the mean age was 43years old. Frequent referring departments orthopedic surgery, rehabillitation medicine, and neurosurgery in order. The most common referring diagnosis was radiculopathy. The case without climical information were 7 cases. The concordance rate of pre-test diagnosis and electrodiagnostic findings was 46.5%. Radiculopathy had the lowest concordance rate. The understanding of electrodiagnosis was needed for increasing utility of electrodiagnosis.

mRNA의 3' end processing에 대한 mRNA 중합요소 인산화의 영향

권대환,박재현,송영하,안성훈 한양대학교 이학기술연구소 2006 이학기술논문지 Vol.9 No.-

RNA 중합효소의 C-terminal은 YSPTSPS의 반복적인 아미노산 서열을 갖고 있으며, 이들의 인산화는 전사의 개시, 중합, 또는 종결단계에 중요하다고 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 RNA 중합효소의 인산화가 mRNA의 3' end processing에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase Ⅱ contains a repeated heptameric sequence (YSPTSPS) which is phosphorylated at serine 2 and 5. Phosphorylation of CTD in elongating RNA polymerase Ⅱ has been suggested to play a role in transcriptional initiation, elongation or termination. In the present study, we investigated the effect of RNA polymerase Ⅱ CTD phosphorylation on the 3' end processing of mRNA.

언어 연구의 회고와 전망

안병희,임홍빈,권재일 서울大學校 人文學硏究所 1997 人文論叢 Vol.38 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to establish right directions for future researches in Korean morphology End syntax, through a critical examination and appraised of past and current researches in these areas. Chapter 2 deals with Korean morphology while chapter 3 concentrated on problems in Korean syntax. The main points can be summed up as follows. (1) Researches on Korean morphology With regard to areas of investigation, it was pointed out that a balanced research of both morphology and syntax is necessary. The tendency for the research concentrated in one area to neglect the research of another area was pointed out. In particular, the predominance of syntactic research over morphological research needs to be remedied. Within morphology, the need for a balanced perspective also exists. Current research is concentrated on word-formation to the exclusion of detailed studies on inflection. The imbalance needs to be remedied as well. The following points were made with regard to research methodology in Korean morphological studies. First, it goes without saying the current research builds on and improves the results of past research. Therefore, just as it is important for current research to be creative and innovative, it needs to be founded solidly on past achievements. Secondly, modern linguistics is based on rationalism to the almost total exclusion of empiricism. However, the time has come for a research methodology that synthesizes these two trends. Detailed and logical descriptions of the linguistic phenomena of Korean based on careful empirical observations are called for. Thirdly, current research emphasizes the autonomy of sub-disciplines of linguistics, with the result that each sub-discipline has pursued research according to its own methods and philosophies. It is time for an Integrated approach to language to take the place of such fragmented methodology. Fourthly, the undue emphasis on synchronic studies must be altered. Proper attention needs to be paid to the diachronic aspects of language. (2) Researches on Korean syntax As is well known, it is not surprising that syntactic studies in Korea during last fifty years or so have followed the guidelines of structural and/or generative linguistics. Sometimes we have seen great achievements attaind by applying the related methodology to the raw materials in the language. However, it may well be pointed out that they have been misguided by some wrong assumptions about the real nature of language and the task of syntactic theory. Regretfully, the theory-oriented approaches to syntax often have shown the tendency to overlook the importance of the description of grammatical relations. Here we focused our attention on two insufficiencies which are explicitly or implicitly involved in syntactic theories and practices. One is related to the destruction of the lexical item which may well be called "Lexical Destruction," the other is related to the wrong categorization of syntactic constituents. One example of Lexical Destruction (=LD) is found in Chomsky (1994). In that work, English demonstrative pronoun this and that is decomposed into th- and -is or -at, which is nothing but a wild LD. This move has the purpose to satisfy the Kayne's (1993) hypothesis of Linear Correspondance Axion which relates linear ordering of syntactic constituents to ccommand configuration. However, this kind of destruction cannot be justified, simply because it is not the syntactic analysis. The generative semantic attempt to decompose a set of causative verbs into their semantic primitives would be a classical example of LD. LD could also be found in the attitude of treating causative or passive suffixes in Korean as an independent syntactic units. Presumably, LD might be seen to have the motive to handle the linguistic data as one pleases. It is clear that in the course of LD, the lexical items are apt to lose their inherent lexical properties and idiosyncrasies. In this connection, it is noted that in Korean syntax the lexical--formative ani- and -hata involved in the negative predicate anihata should not be treated separately, It is because that the -o ending which appears with the preceding verbal stem in the long form negative constructions in Korean can be explained to be needed by only the existence of the whole lexical item anihata. On the other hand, wrong categorizations of syntactic constituents are another source of deficiencies in current syntactic theories and in practical analyses. One example is the DP (=Determiner Phrase) category as is set up in Abney (1987) or Chomsky (1995), which replaces the old NP category. DP category cannot be borne out in the light of Case facts. Consider the case of possessive DP which receives nominative case from somewhere. Since the head of possessive DP has already genitive case, there can never be added another case to the existing genitive head. Number facts show similar difficulties. Case fact is more crucial than this. The category of "AGR(Agreement)" as is not rarely postulated in GB (or Principles and Parameters) approaches to Korean syntax is another example of wrong categorization. The honorific suffix -si- in 'Korean is claimed to fall under that category. However, the suffix -si- cannot be identified as the element to be used to honor the person(s) who appear(s) in the subject position. The function of the suffix -si- is roughly identificd as the element to be used to honor the major Experiencer. Another example of wrong categorization is the so-called "predicate clause" as is often set up in the Korean syntax, which indicates the construction "second subject plus predicate" in the so-called double subject constructions. Since the term "predicate" is familar to us, it is easy to believe that category real or at least not implausible. But there can never be such a category. The structure of "predicate clause" is nothing but a sentence sfructure, urongly adapted to clausal structure. Chomsky (1994) wants to remove syntactic categories and bar-levels from syntactic configuration. Although they might be of little use in generative syntax, it cannot be denied that they are indispensable tools to describe the syntactic relations with.

정보통신 서비스의 실패 요인 : 한국의 텔레콤 서비스시장에서의 실패사례연구

안재현,권재원,김명수,이동주,이상윤,한상필 한국경영과학회 2002 한국경영과학회지 Vol.27 No.3

In this paper, 15 South Korean telecommunications service failure cases were analyzed. Through the in-depth case study, 8 factors were found to be the major causes contributing to the telecommunications service failure. They were (1) ineffective marketing, (2) poor demand forecasting due to misjudgment of customer preference, (3) failure to satisfy technical specifications, (4) loss of cost advantage due to the price cut of competing service or new entry with power price, (5) loss of utility advantage due to the increased utility of competing service or new entry with higher utility (6) decrease of market attractiveness due to change of customer preference, (7) impact of government policy, and (8) insufficient or low quality of contents. Additional analysis was done to derive managerial implications to the new telecommunications service development strategy. The findings from the paper will provide valuable insight to the successful implementation of new service development and service provisioning processes.

무산소-호기 반응기의 유기물과 질소 제거모델 개발

안송엽,김환홍,소재철,권희태 원광대학교 2001 論文集 Vol.26 No.-

본 논문은 무산소-호기 유동상 반응기에서 폐수의 유기물과 질소제거에 관한 것을 나타내었으며, 이 공정은 두 개의 반응기 안에서 질산화와 탈질화로 얻어지는 제거율 결과를 모형화하여 검토하였다. 무산소조의 미생물 농도가 모형식으로 표현되면 -2079.898V2 - 202.2029(H/A) + 1123이고, BOD removal = -0.00613 HRT2 + 0.4014HRT + 46.993 and NO3-N removal = -0.0029 HRT2 + 0.1872 HRT + 77.45 로 각각 표현되어진다. 이러한 실험치는 모형치와 비슷한 값을 가진다고 할 수 있으며, 이 결과는 다른 방법에도 적용이 가능하다고 판단된다. This paper aims to get rid of BOD and nitrogen in wastewater as the anoxic-aerobic fluidized bed. The process for the removal of nitrogen consists of nitrification and denitrification in two reactors. The estimated formula for, Anoxic are Biomass concentration = -2079.898V2- 202.2029(H/A) + 1123, BOD removal = -0.00613 HRT2 + 0.4014HRT + 46.993 and NO3-N removal = -0.0029 HRT2 + 0.1872 HRT + 77.45. The experimental values are similar to values of estimated formula. Therefore, this result is able to adapt the other cases.

몇가지 작물중 침투성 살충제 Carbofuran의 잔류량 분석

이재구,최신종,경기성,안기창,권정욱 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1999 農業科學硏究 Vol.16 No.-

In order to ascertain the safety of the systemic insecticide carbofuran - treated crops. garlic, peanut and potato were collected randomly from markets near the major producing farms and analyzed for the residues of carbofuran and its main metabolite, 3-hydroxycarbofuran. The in vitro metabolism of carbofuran in phosphate buffer extracts of the crops was investigated. The results obtained were as follows. 1.The recoveries of carbofuran and 3- hydroxycarbofuran from the spiked samples were 92~ 100% in all samples. The detection limit and minimum amount of carbofuran detected were 0.02ppm and 0.1ng, and those of 3-hydroxycarbofuran 0.06ppm and 0.3ng, respectively. 2.Two mature garlic samples out of 20 contained 0.13 and 0.07ppm of carbofuran, respectively, showing a detection frequancy of 10%. The residue level was less than the maximum residue limit(0.5ppm) set by the health authorities in Korea. Only one mature garlic sample out of 20 contained 0.13ppm of 3-hydroxycarbofuran. 3.The residues of carbofuran and 3-hydroxycarbofuran in the immature garlic, peanut and potato samples were less than the detection limits. 4.The application of carbofuran to the fields of garlic, peanut and potato would be safe, considering that the estimated maximum acceptable daily intake of carbofuran from garlic was 0.0007mg which is 0.13% of the maximum acceptable daily intake(0.55mg) . 5.Carbofuran was hydrolyzed in vitro mainly to carbofuran phenol(m/z 164) in phosphate buffer extracts of the three crops in contrast to the major oxidative metabolism in situ. The amount of the metabolite increased with the incubation time.

감광제/광촉매에 의한 공기오염물질 제거

이재구,안기창,박주형,권정욱 충북대학교 첨단원예기술개발연구센터 1999 연구보고서 Vol.4 No.-

일반 주거환경 또는 재배시설 내의 공기오염물질인 농약 및 병원성 미생물을 인위적으로 제거하기 위해서 자연광 또는 인공광 조건하에서 몇몇 감광제/광촉매에 의한 광분해 촉진효과와 미생물의 살균효과 시험을 수행하였다. 광촉매로는 반도체 물질인 PC-1과 PC-2, 그리고 산화제로 사용되는 PC-3, PC-4, PC-5 및 PC-6과 감광제로 PS-7과 PS-8을 선발하였다. 그리고 시험화합물로는 유기인계 살충제인 dichlorvos와 dicarboximide계 살균제인 procymidone, 환경오염물질인 methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE)를 선정하였고, 유해 미생물로는 Pseudomonas putida, Phytophthora capsici, Salmonella typhimurium, 및 Escherichia coli를 선정하였다. Dichlorvos의 경우에는 자연광과 인공광 조건하에서, 광촉매 무처리구에 비해 각각의 광촉매가 처리된 모든 처리구에서 4배 이상의 광분해 촉진효과를 보였으나, MTBE의 경우에는 단지 광촉매 PC-1 처리구만 이 광촉매 무처리구에 비해 약 17배 이상의 분해 촉진효과를 보였다. 또한 procymidone의 경우에도 PC-1, PC-6 및 PS-8에 의한 광분해가 약 3배 이상 촉진되었다. 공기 중의 미생물을 제거하기 위한 예비시험에서는 미생물 현탁액에 PC-1을 첨가하고 인공광을 조사함으로서 미생물의 생육이 저해됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 평판배지에 도말된 Salmonella typhimurium은 광촉매 PC-1의 주변에서 미생물 생육이 저해됨을 보였다. 이상의 결과에서 볼 때, 광조건 하에서 이러한 감광제/광촉매를 이용한 기술은 농약을 비롯한 여러 환경 오염물질을 제거하여 재배시설 내의 작업자와 일반 대중의 환경오염원에 대한 노출을 예방할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. For the artificial removal of the air pollutants such as pesticides, environmental toxicants, and pathogenic microorganisms in the greenhouse or the living environment, the accelerated photodegradation and the biocidal effects by some photosensitizers (PS)/photocatalysts (PC) were tested under the sunlight and/or artificial light. The selected photosensitizers/photocatalysts were the semiconductors (PC-1 and PC-2), the oxidizers (PC-3, PC-4, PC-5 and PC-6), the aromatic ketone (PS-7) and the aromatic amine(PS-8). The test toxic pollutants included the organophosphorus insecticide dichlorvos (DDVP), the dicarboximide fungicide procymidone, and the gasoline additive, methyl tert-butyl ether(MTBE) as the organic pollutants, and Pseudomonas putida, Phytophthora capsici, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimuriums as the pathogenic organisms. In the case of dichlorvos, all the photocatalysts selected showed more accelerated photodegradation than the control without photocatalyst under both the sunlight and artificial light. Whereas, only the photocatalyst PC-1 accelerated the degradation of MTBE about 17 times more than the control under both the sunlight and artificial light. Procymidone was much more degraded by the photosensitizer PS-8 and the two photocatalysts (PC-1, PC-6) than by PS-7. In the preliminary experiments to diminish the population of the microorganisms in the air, the photocatalyst-1 added to the microbial suspensions obviously inhibited the microbial growth under the artificial light. The photocatalyst-1 showed the bactericidal activity against Salmonella typhimurium spread on the nutrient broth agar medium. These results suggest that the photosensitizers/ photocatalysts under the light can remove some air pollutants and hence they can be used to reduce the exposure of the workers in the horticultural facilities and/or the public in the environment to the harmful pollutants.