「지역상권 상생 및 활성화에 관한 법률·시행령」제정의 주요 함의

장은정 한국법제연구원 2022 법제연구 Vol.- No.62

The gentrification phenomenon originally refers a process of establishing large-scale cultural and commercial facilities along with development in an area that was underdeveloped and dominated by small business owners. Although gentrification improves infrastructure, small business persons in that area suddenly lose their bases and move stores to other areas or, in worse situations, close their businesses. Small business persons who move their stores to other neighbors to avoid the gentrification phenomenon may encounter the gentrification phenomenon again within a few years in a new location. The good example of this phenomenon include the expansion of commercial area from HongDae street to Sangsu-dong and Yeonnam-dong. Since, in an area that has become famous, an increase in sales leads to rent increases, it is impossible to maintain stores other than franchises of large corporations, in these revitalized areas. As a response to this problem, the Commercial Building Lease Protection Act was amended, and each local government, for win-win cooperation among stakeholders in their local commercial area, has been making continuous efforts such as enacting various ordinances. In addition, as a specific contermeasure, the Act on Mutual Growth and Revitalization of Local Commercial Areas (“Local Commercial Area Act”), which aims to support the revitalization of a declining commercial area and promote the win-win between landlords and tenants, was enforced in April 28, 2022 after a grace period of 9 months. The Local Commercial Area Act is considered a desirable law in that it has secured some degree of effectiveness by specifying various means such as establishing a plan for revitalization of the commercial area, forming a win-win council, designating a local win-win zone and autonomous commercial zone, and conducting an actual situation survey. Moreover, since the method is in the form of a local council that includes not only the lessor and lessee, but also the government, local officials, and local activists, which shows that this act is based on the recognition that the gentrification phenomenon is not simply a matter of renting a commercial space, but a problem connected to the local commercial district and culture, the enactment of the Local Commercial Area Act is positively evaluated. The continuous monitoring and continuous research are needed for the Local Commercial Area Act to contribute to the establishment of a virtuous cycle system in regional economic vitality by revitalizing the declining downtown commercial area and preventing deprivation of the commercial area. 젠트리피케이션 현상은 본래 낙후되어 영세 소상공인이 주를 이루던 지역이 개발됨에 따라 그 지역에 대형 문화·상업시설이 들어서는 것을 말한다. 젠트리피케이션은 사회 기반시설을 개선하는 장점은 있으나 그 지역에서 영업을 하던 소상공인이 하루아침에 터전을 잃고 타 지역으로 옮겨서 장사를 하거나 그조차도 어려워 폐업을 하게 하는 주요 요인이 되었다. 일부 소상공인들은 젠트리피케이션 현상이 나타남에 따라 다른 지역으로 옮겨가기도 하는데 옮겨간 곳 마저도 수 년 사이에 젠트리피케이션 현상이 다시 발생하게 된다. 대표적인 사례로는 2010년대~2020년대에 걸쳐 지속된 ‘홍대거리 → 상수동·연남동’이 있다. 사람들 사이에서 유명세를 타게 되는 지역은 결국 임대료 상승을 불러일으키고 이는 상권 활성화 구역에 대기업 프렌차이즈 이외에는 머물 수 없게 만들었다. 따라서 이를 해결하기 위하여 정부는 「상가건물 임대차보호법」을 개정하고 또한 각 지방자치단체들은 지역 상권 당사자 간 상생협력을 위한 각종 조례를 제정하는 등의 지속적인 노력을 해 왔다. 그리고 구체적인 대응방안으로서 쇠퇴한 상권의 재도약을 지원하고 임대인과 임차인이 상생할 수 있는「지역상권 상생 및 활성화에 관한 법률(이하 지역상권법)」이 9개월의 유예기간을 거쳐 올해 4월 28일 시행이 되었다. 「지역상권법」은 상권 활성화를 위한 계획수립, 상생협의체, 지역상생구역, 자율상권구역 지정, 실태조사 등 각종 수단을 법으로 규정하여 어느 정도 실효성을 확보하였다고 볼 수 있어 법 제정 자체로서 바람직하다고 할 것이다. 더욱이 그 방식이 임대인, 임차인만이 아닌 정부, 지역 관계자, 지역 활동가들까지 함께 하는 지역협의체 형식으로 이루어진다는 점에서 젠트리피케이션 현상이 단순히 상가임대차의 문제가 아니라 지역의 상권과 문화까지 연결된 문제임을 인식하였다는 점에서 「지역상권법」의 제정은 긍정적으로 평가할 수 있다. 따라서 「지역상권법」이 제정 목적에 걸맞게 쇠퇴한 도심 상권을 활성화시키고, 상권 내몰림을 방지해 어려움을 겪는 상권에 경제활력 선순환 체계를 구축할 수 있도록 이에 대한 꾸준한 모니터링과 지속적인 연구가 필요하다.

The Efficacy of Letrozole in Women with a Poor Endometrial Response to Clomiphene Citrate

장은정,지병철,Jang, Eun-Jeong,Jee, Byung-Chul The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2010 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.37 No.1

목 적: 클로미펜을 이용한 배란유도 주기에서 불량한 자궁내막 발달을 보이는 불임 여성에서 레트로졸의 효용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법: 2004년 3월부터 2009년 8월까지 분당서울대학교병원에서 클로미펜을 이용한 배란유도 주기에서 자궁내막 두께가 6.5 mm 이하여서 다음 주기에 레트로졸을 사용하였던 18명의 불임 여성을 선정하였다. 환자들의 평균 연령은 $30.7{\pm}2.8$세, 불임 기간은 $33.1{\pm}26.6$개월이었다. 불임의 인자는 자궁내막증이 1명, 다낭성난소증후군이 5명, 원인불명의 불임증이 12명이었다. 레트로졸은 2.5 mg의 용량으로 월경 3~5일 사이에 시작하여 5일간 투여하였다. 결 과: 이전 클로미펜 사용시와 비교하였을 때 레트로졸 주기에서 우성난포의 개수는 더 적었으나 ($1.1{\pm}0.3$ vs. $2.2{\pm}1.5$, p=0.011) 자궁내막 두께는 유의하게 증가하였으며 ($8.4{\pm}1.7$ mm vs. $5.8{\pm}0.5$ mm, p<0.001) 자궁내막 패턴 중 type C의 빈도는 이전 클로미펜 주기에서 50%이었던 것이 레트로졸 사용시 94.4%로 유의한 증가를 보였다 (p=0.036). 레트로졸을 이용한 배란 유도 주기에서 임신율은 11.1%였다. 결 론: 얇은 자궁내막 발달을 보였던 클로미펜 주기에 비해 레트로졸 사용시 자궁내막이 좀 더 두꺼워지고 패턴이 호전되는 것으로 보아 클로미펜에 불량한 자궁내막을 보이는 여성에서 이차 선택약제로 레트로졸의 사용은 유용한 방법으로 사료된다. Objective: To examine the efficacy of letrozole in infertile women showing a poor endometrial development at previous ovulation induction cycle by using clomiphene citrate. Methods: Eighteen infertile women were selected who showed a poor endometrial development (endometrial thickness$\leq$6.5 mm) after clomiphene treatment (50~100 mg) as ovulation induction for timed coitus. The mean age of the patients was $30.7{\pm}2.8$ years old and the mean duration of infertility was $33.1{\pm}26.6$ months. The infertility factors were identified as corrected endometriosis (n=1), polycystic ovary syndrome (n=5) and unexplained (n=12). Letrozole was given orally in a dose of 2.5 mg for 5 days starting 3~5 of menstrual cycle. Results: The number of follicles was significantly lower in the letrozole cycle when compared with previous clomiphene cycle ($1.1{\pm}0.3$ vs. $2.2{\pm}1.5$, p=0.011). The endometrial thickness (mm) at the time of triggering or LH surge was significantly greater in the letrozole cycle ($8.4{\pm}1.7$ vs. $5.8{\pm}0.5$, p<0.001). The endometrial pattern 'type C' was significantly higher in the letrozole cycle (94.4% vs. 50%, p=0.036). The pregnancy was achieved in 11.1% of the letrozole cycle. Conclusion: Use of letrozole was associated with more thick and improved endometrium than previous clomiphene cycles in which thin endometrium was identified. Use of letrozole appears to be an effective strategy for second-line treatment in women with inadequate endometrial response to clomiphene.

대학 플립드 러닝 수업에 대한 전문대학생의 온라인-오프라인 학습 인식 분석

장은정,최명숙 한국교육정보미디어학회 2017 교육정보미디어연구 Vol.23 No.4

The purpose of this study is to analyze the difference of learning attitude and overall satisfaction of learning according to the perception of online style, the perception of offline learning style, the learning attitude, the overall learning satisfaction of professional college students in flipped - learning lesson. In order to carry out this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 271 first graders who took the course of information ability in the flipped-learning. The results of the study are as in the followings. First, the most preferable learning support method in online learning type is ‘summarization and summary’, the preferable learning method is ‘to use lecture notes’, and the method of solving problem is ‘textbook and material search’. Second, the number of preferable quiz items in the offline learning form was the most suitable as ‘within the 10 -15 problem’, and the preferable quiz frequency was ‘weekly execution’ and the preferable class type was ‘problem solving’. Third, the learning attitude in the flipped-learning lesson was positive. Particularly, it showed the highest level of attendance after class. This allowed online learners to participate regularly in the classroom, allowing learners to participate in online and offline learning without any hesitation. Fourth, the offline learning satisfaction and the learning satisfaction about flipped-learning were positive, but online learning satisfaction was rather low. Fifth, there was no statistically significant difference between the gender of the college students and the experience of course of flipped-learning, and the result in the learning attitude and overall satisfaction of the study. There was a statistically significant difference according to the level of the internet literacy. The results of this study will be able to provide the basic data on the effectiveness of the classes and the preparation of the support programs of the universities by analyzing the activities of the practical colleges and the online and offline learning of the flipped-learning. 본 연구는 플립드 러닝 수업에서 전문대학생의 온라인 학습 형태, 오프라인 학습 형태, 학습 태도, 전반적인 학습 만족도에 대한 인식과 연구 대상의 특성에 따라 학습 태도, 전반적인 학습 만족도 차이를 분석하는 데 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 수행을 위하여 플립드 러닝 수업 교과목 ‘정보능력’을 수강한 1학년 재학생 271명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 온라인 학습 형태에서 선호하는 학습 지원 방식은 ‘정리 및 요약’, 선호하는 학습 방법은 ‘강의 노트 활용’, 문제 해결 방법으로는 ‘교재 및 자료 검색’으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 오프라인 학습 형태에서 선호하는 퀴즈 문항 수는 ‘10-15문제 이내’로 가장 적당하다고 나타났으며, 선호하는 퀴즈 횟수는 ‘매주 실시’와 선호하는 수업 유형은 ‘문제풀이’로 가장 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 플립드 러닝 수업에서 학습 태도는 긍정적으로 나타났다. 특히, 선행학습 후 수업 참석 여부에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 이는 온라인 학습이 정규 수업 시수로 인정되어 학습자들은 온라인과 오프라인 학습에 거부감 없이 참여할 수 있었다. 넷째, 오프라인 학습 만족도와 플립드 러닝에 대한 학습 만족도는 긍정적으로 나타났으나, 온라인 학습 만족도는 다소 낮게 나타났다. 다섯째, 전문대학생의 성별과 플립드 러닝의 수강 경험에 따라 학습 태도, 전반적인 학습 만족도에 대한 차이 분석 결과 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 없었으며, 인터넷활용 능력 수준에 따라 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 실제 전문대학 적용과 플립드 러닝의 온라인, 오프라인 학습에서 이루어지는 활동을 구체적으로 분석하여 수업의 효과와 대학들의 지원책 마련에 대한 기초적인 자료를 제시할 수 있을 것이다.

Acute Urticaria Induced by Oral Methylprednisolone

장은정,진현정,남영희,김주희,예영민,박해심 대한천식알레르기학회 2011 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.3 No.4

Although corticosteroids have immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory, and anti-allergic effects, allergic reactions are rare. We report a case involving a 52-year-old-female with acute urticaria caused by oral methylprednisolone. The patient had experienced aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) for 13 years with frequent asthma exacerbations. Symptoms of asthma exacerbations improved with short-term treatments of systemic steroids, including methylprednisolone or deflazacort, which had been well tolerated. However, the current admission was prompted by the development of acute generalized urticaria following the oral ingestion of methylprednisolone (8 mg) for relief of symptoms. An oral provocation test with 4 mg oral methylprednisolone led to generalized urticaria 20 minutes later, confirming the causal association. This is the first report of acute urticaria caused by oral methylprednisolone in a patient with AERD.

Pre-Service Early Childhood Education Teachers' Role Expectation of Their Supervisor and Awareness of Role Performance

장은정,김현자 대한아동복지학회 2013 아동복지연구 Vol.11 No.4

This study was designed to analyze the differences in pre-service teachers' awareness of role expectations of their supervisors and role performance. Data were collected from seniors in the Department of Early Childhood Education at D University in Gyeonggi Province, and an SPSS/WIN statistical program 15.0 was used to test the collected data to estimate reliability, frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, and to carry out t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and simple correlation analysis. As a result, first, the score for role expectation before the students began their supervised teaching was higher than for those who had already taught. Second, there were statistically significant differences in the researcher, teaching activity supervision, student teacher evaluation, role of practical supervision, and the entire role performance in terms of role expectation before supervised teaching; role performance differed statistically significantly in terms of growth opportunity provision; and role expectation differed statistically significantly in terms of the role of practical supervision based on the type of kindergarten where teaching took place. Third, as for the differences in role expectation before supervised teaching and role performance after teaching in kindergartens where pre-service early childhood education teachers practiced teaching, role expectation before teaching differed statistically significantly in terms of the role of practical supervision. Fourth, the higher role expectation student teachers had before supervised teaching, the lower awareness of role performance they had after teaching. Therefore, this study would be significant by suggesting the reason why supervisors should systematically plan supervision in consideration of role expectation before pre-service teachers start to practice teaching; and why pre-service teachers make thorough preparation for supervised teaching and have a chance to make reflective thinking sufficiently before they have excessive expectations of teaching.

3차원 소자 집적을 위한 Cu-Cu 접합의 계면접착에너지에 미치는 후속 열처리의 영향

장은정,현승민,이학주,박영배,Jang, Eun-Jung,Pfeiffer, Sarah,Kim, Bi-Oh,Mtthias, Thorsten,Hyun, Seung-Min,Lee, Hak-Joo,Park, Young-Bae 한국재료학회 2008 한국재료학회지 Vol.18 No.4

$1.5\;{\mu}m$-thick copper films deposited on silicon wafers were successfully bonded at $415^{\circ}C$/25 kN for 40 minutes in a thermo-compression bonding method that did not involve a pre-cleaning or pre-annealing process. The original copper bonding interface disappeared and showed a homogeneous microstructure with few voids at the original bonding interface. Quantitative interfacial adhesion energies were greater than $10.4\;J/m^2$ as measured via a four-point bending test. Post-bonding annealing at a temperature that was less than $300^{\circ}C$ had only a slight effect on the bonding energy, whereas an oxygen environment significantly deteriorated the bonding energy over $400^{\circ}C$. This was most likely due to the fast growth of brittle interfacial oxides. Therefore, the annealing environment and temperature conditions greatly affect the interfacial bonding energy and reliability in Cu-Cu bonded wafer stacks.

중년여성의 우울증에 대한 정신역동적 집단미술치료

장은정,임호찬 한국재활심리학회 2012 재활심리연구 Vol.19 No.3

This research was conducted to reduce the middle-aged women's depression for 4 clients who used the community women's center. Subjects were selected by using the BDI(Beck Depression Inventory) for screening the prospective clients and expressed spontaneously to attend full time of 24 group art therapy sessions. Main therapeutic intervention was consisted of psycho-dynamic therapy techniques. Therapeutic effects were compared the score of the BDI, the MMPI, the heart rate, the blood pressure between pre and post measures. The qualitative analysis of the KFD(Kinetic Family Drawing) also was discussed in terms of the drawing style and contents of drawing. Results were follows; first, although the BDI was significantly reduced on the every client after group art therapy, the depression score of MMPI was not consistently matched with BDI results. The heart rate and the blood pressure did not show significant changes. However. in the case of the qualitative analysis on the KFD, two of clients showed great change in terms of two perspectives on the picture but the other two did not. Additionally, relationship between the changes of drawing and the variations of MMPI score was discussed for the further studies.

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장은정,서안나,이선재,박지영,Eun Jeong Jang,An Na Seo,Sun-Jae Lee,and Ji-Young Park,Ph.D. 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2011 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.11 No.1

정수기 냉온수 탱크 원통형 드로잉 제품의 재질 변화에 따른 두께 변화에 관한 연구

장은정,이춘규,Jang, Eun-Jeong,Lee, Chun-Kyu 한국금형공학회 2021 한국금형공학회지 Vol.15 No.3

In plate forming technology, cylindrical drawing process is widely used in industry due to technological development. In this study, we used stainless steel 3042B and stainless steel 304J1, which are the most commonly used materials in the production of cold and hot water tanks for water purifiers, among cylindrical drawing products. Under the same conditions, the thickness of the sidewall of the product formed by drawn experiment was studied. As a result of the experiment, the bottom thickness of stainless steel 304J1 was considered to be thick. It is judged that the defect rate can be reduced by changing the breaking phenomenon of the floor surface of the cold and hot water bottles to the material of stainless steel 304j1. Stainless steel 304 2B material shows a sharp change in thickness from punch corner R to sidewall position, while stainless steel 304J1 material showed a uniform change from punch corner R to sidewall position. Stainless steel 304J1 material is considered to improve the clamping of the product in the process of extracting the product after hand drawing. The appearance of stainless steel 3042B products is considered to produce more wrinkles in the flange, which exerts greater tensile force on the sidewall during molding, resulting in uneven sidewall thickness.

Effect of caffeine on the antibacterial activity of Lactobacillus casei: caffeine and antibacterial activity of L. casei

장은정,박진아,김영하,김호 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2019 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.46 No.4

Coffee is a popular beverage worldwide, and the scale of consumption is growing rapidly. Many studies have shown that increased coffee consumption has various effects on human health, including beneficial effects on liver diseases, clinical type 2 diabetes, and Parkinson’s disease. However, the influences of coffee or caffeine (a component of coffee) on the gut microbiota have not been examined in detail. Here, we tested whether caffeine could alter the antimicrobial activity of L. casei against E. coli. Interestingly, we found that treatment with 0.3 mg/mL caffeine increased the antimicrobial activity of L. casei against E. coli. This activity was not associated with the release of lactic acid but did appear to be related to a heat-labile factor present in the L. casei culture supernatant. Our analyses suggest that the putative antimicrobial factor found in the culture supernatant of L. casei treated with caffeine may be bacteriocin. Taken together, our results suggest that caffeine, which is an ingredient of coffee, increases the antimicrobial activity of L. casei against E. coli through the enhanced production of bacteriocin. These findings also suggest that coffee consumption affects the ability of beneficial bacteria to decrease pathogenic bacteria and/or prevent the progression of bacterial infection-associated diseases in the gut.