전통시대(傳統時代) 조석(潮汐)에 대한 변증 연구

이향배 ( Lee Hyang Bae ) 한국동양예술학회 2020 동양예술 Vol.49 No.-

In this paper, I analyzed the logic of the theory of tide by categories after compiling dialectical data which were raised in the traditional era. In this process, I looked into the discussion method of natural phenomenon in traditional times and into how scientific thoughts have been formed. This results in three categories of the traditional theory of tide in general. First, I reviewed the theory of tide by several virtuous scholars in our country focused on the theory of earth-breath. Discussion of the theory of tide was begun by Lee Gyu-bo in the middle period of Gyoryeo dynasty. He compared 'the theory in which tide is caused by the moon and the sun' by Nho Heup-ju with 《Juyeok周易》or the principle of < Honcheoneo 渾天儀 > after reviewing previous theories in 《Sugyeong水經》, < Haehobu海潮賦 > and 《Bulgeong佛經》etc. On the other hand, the intellectuals in the Joseon Dynasty like Kim Deuk-sin, Han Won-jin, and Wi Baek-gyu including Kim An-ro explained that the principles of the ebb and flood are based on the theory of earth-breath by So-ong, on the logic of working of yin-yang and Ghi氣 by Jeongja, and on the theory by Chu Hsi which related it to the moon, not to the sun. Second, there is a dialectics about the theory in which Dong-Hae, the East Sea is not affected by the tide. Scholars have raised lots of theories to explain the reasons for this phenomenon. Lee Hang-bok explained that Ghi氣 would be exhausted when the seawater reached to the east. Han Baek-gyeom suggested the theory that Ghi氣 passing through south and north cannot affect the right and left sides. Jang Yu suggested the theory of the North Sea 北海說 which explained that it was because the East Sea was close to the North Sea. Jo ik argued that there was no tide because the East Sea belonged to the part of the open sea while asserting the ocean had the inland sea and the open sea. Song Gyu-ryeom and Guoen Heon interpreted that it was due to the earthen energy地勢 and Song Byeon-seon agreed with the theory of North Sea. In this way, the reasons why there was no tide in the East Sea were logically inferred based on a variety of imagination. These discussions let us be confirmed that there was none of scientific system of information at all for most of traditional intellectuals until the end of the Joseon Dynasty. Third, there is an explanation according to scientific dialectics. This theory can be found mainly in the theory of tide by Seongho Lee Ik and Hyegang Choi Han-gi. They had extensive knowledge of Western science and accurate understanding of the relationship between the Earth, and the moon and the sun based upon heliocentric theory. In this way, they described the ebb and flood phenomenon in terms of scientific knowledge system in the organized and detailed manner. This seems to be the first case of interpreting natural phenomenon of the sea in a modern scientific way.

소설 되짚어 읽기의 묘미 - 존 스타인벡의 『에덴의 동쪽』과 영화

이향만(Hyang Mann Lee) 한국외국어대학교 영미연구소 2006 영미연구 Vol.15 No.-

  The situation of family is an important theme in the American East of Eden, though it has been criticized as a weak novel on account of its diffuse structure, contains one of Steinbeck"s important themes concerning ethics and human nature. And its adapted movie of Elia Kazan, as a superb film of auteurism, offers the cinematic vision to contrast the different worlds from the novel to the movie, and to reevaluate the author"s main theme, especially concentrating on the omission and traces of an oriental philosopher Lee.<BR>  It is not overstating to say that the hero of the novel is Lee who integrates all the conflicted worlds of the characters in the novel. With the philosophical Chinese servant missing, the director Kazan risks omitting the discussion of timshel . Lee may be regarded as a secondary character as an onlooker, but he represents the voice of wisdom and reason at the crucial time of the events of the story, and often articulates some of the novel’s most important themes.<BR>  The oriental philosopher has disappeared physically in the process of transference from one medium to another, but the traces of his philosophical idea and attitude toward life can be found in the transformed characters. So it can be said that the concept of Lee"s timshel in the movie is revealed not through his direct speeches but in the transformed acts of characters, especially through the changed images of Abra and Kate.

愼懼堂 李侙의 國權回復을 위한 義兵活動

이향배(Lee HyangBae) 한국인물사연구소 2011 한국인물사연구 Vol.15 No.-

「Sin Gu Dang, Lee Sik」, was a high-spirited scholar and an activist in loyal troops for the national rights in the latter era of Choson Dynasty. He was born in Cheong Yang and started studying at home at the beginning. Then he began to act on 'Wee Jung Cheok Sa' in earnest after making a relationship with 「Myeon Am, Choi Ik Hyeon」. And Lee Sik developed his own point of view on studying based on the Neo-Confucianism by Joo Ja. At that time, there were many movements and protests to recover the national rights after 'Eul Sa Neuk Yak'. So, Lee Sik built '13 Yoo Yak So' around Cheong Yang and denounced Japan's brutality to foreign diplomatic offices systematically. Also, he sent letters to 37 villages in the province and announced the real state of the government to the people to rouse them to action. After that he was arrested for his plan but he kept his chin up in front of the Japanese investigator and never broke his spirit. Later, Lee Sik joined Hong Joo loyal troop as a staff again and was banished to Dae Ma Do after being arrested. when he finished his banishment, he came back home and did many things to recover the national rights constantly such as organizing volunteer troops and delivering Ko Jong's secret letter to Lim Byong Chan for establishing 'Dok Lib Eui Goon Boo'. These are all his strong will to put his theory into practice and to fulfill his social responsibility as a descendant of a patriotic family.

峿堂 李象秀의 散文批評論 硏究

이향배(Hyang-Bae Lee) 어문연구학회 2008 어문연구 Vol.56 No.-

  This study examines the prose criticism by Sangsoo Lee. He was concerned about the deterioration of customs that respect scholars and letters caused by the unfair practice of the Goageo (State Examination). He criticized scholars who bribed sons of influential families to buy their governmental positions, and emphasized the attitude of scholars who depend on heaven"s will to enter into governmental positions after making themselves proficient.<BR>  Sangsoo Lee considered close and analytic reading important to write well. In those times, most scholars devoted themselves to studying poetry and prose to pass the Goageo so they memorized some phrases without closely reading the entire work. Thus, he presented a reading method to understand the deeper meaning of the passages because he thought it was an urgent goal to raise the level of reading. For good reading, readers must find the main purport first and then the conclusion. To find the conclusion is possible by analyses of arrangement, order, contextual connection, and organization into paragraphs. He believed that these analyses help readers to understand what meanings the authors wanted to deliver. He also thought that analytical reading was prerequisite to become a good writer.<BR>  Songsoo Lee was interested in the ancient texts as well. He classified the existing letters by "mun" and "pil" of Gogonggi, He considered Sigi of Samacheon and the ancient text of Hanyu as "pil". He argued that the scope of the ancient texts must be expanded to Byunryomun because "mun" means Daewomun. He thought he could acheive the truth through "mun." For bimun, he laid stress on "ganum" but he did not follow the old law unconditionally and pursued "bimun" that could fit to the time.<BR>  He found out the main purport, the conclusion, and descriptive techniques through the analytical examination of Hokrijon and Hoasikjon. He mostly analyzed the style and structure of the writing rather than its content to grasp what Samacheon"s intention was and what style he was using. This task needs critical perspectives towards writing and insights as a writer.

인터넷상의 표현규제에 관한 비교법적 고찰

이향선(Hyangsun Lee) 한국언론법학회 2009 언론과 법 Vol.8 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 사이버모욕죄 도입과 허위사실유포죄 유지의 법리적.정책적 타당성을 검토하고 외국의 사례를 참조한 비교법적 분석을 통해 적절한 대안을 제시하려는 데 있다. 사이버모욕죄 입법안과 허위사실유포죄를 분석함에 있어, 이 두법/법안이 표현의 자유에 미칠 심각한 위축효과에 주목하여, 명확성의 원칙과 과잉금지의 원칙에 얼마나 충실하게 법안이 설계되었는가 하는 점에 초점을 맞추었다. 먼저, 사이버모욕죄 입법안의 가장 큰 문제점은 ‘모욕’의 법률적 개념의 모호성으로 인한 과잉규제의 가능성이라고 보았다. 과잉규제의 문제는, 기존의 형법상 모욕죄에 비해 사이버모욕죄의 경우에 더욱 심각한데 이는, 범죄구성요건의 불명확성과 비친고죄로의 전환, 온라인서비스제공자(OSP)의 조력을 통한 신고와 분쟁, 소(訴) 제기의 용이성의 결과로, 사이버모욕죄를 시행할 경우 우리 사회가 대대적이고 만성적인 분쟁상태로 빠져들 위험성이 상당하기 때문이다. 신고 후 24시간 안에 침해성 메시지를 차단하도록 새로이 OSP에게 부과될 의무는 정당하고 바람직한 정치.사회적 비판이 사회구성원간에 활발히 교류될 수 있는 여지를 심각하게 축소시킬 수 있는 것으로 보았다. 사이버모욕죄에 대한 대안으로, 미국의 여러 주가 도입한 사이버불링(Cyberbullying)법이 검토되었다. 그 이유는 (1) 기존의 법으로 규제하기에는 한계가 있고 그 폐해가 심각하여 새로운 입법을 통하여 규제할 필요성이 큰 사이버상의 인격침해행위를 구체적으로 지정하여 보다 제한된 범주의 구체적 법을 설계할 수 있고 (2) 사이버상의 인격침해행위의 피해자와 가해자 중 가장 다수의 연령층을 형성하고 있는 어린이와 청소년들에 대한 교육과 선도에 주안점을 두었다는 점 때문이다. 허위사실유포죄의 문제 역시 ‘공익’의 구체적 정의와 ‘공익을 해할 허위의 사실’에 대한 명확한 규정의 부재로 인한 과잉규제 가능성에 있다. 1992년 캐나다 연방대법원의 캐나다 형법 제181조의 허위사실유포죄에 대한 위헌판결 법논리를 적용해 우리나라 허위사실유포죄 유지의 법리적.정책적 비타당성을 분석하고, 대안으로서, 1992년 FCC에 의해 제정된 “허위방송 금지법”을 검토한다. 허위방송금지법이 가장 크게 시사하는 바는, 표현의 자유를 일정 부분 제한할 수도 있는 법을 설계할 때는, 용어를 지극히 명확하고 구체적으로 정의하고 범죄구성요건을 가능한 한 구체적, 제한적으로 설정하여 과잉규제로 인한 표현의 자유에 대한 위축 가능성을 최소화해야 한다는 점이다.

沖庵 金淨의 散文 硏究

이향배(Lee, Hyang-bae) 충남대학교 충청문화연구소 2018 충청문화연구 Vol.21 No.-

충암 김정은기묘제현 중 도학 뿐만 아니라 문학 방면에도 뛰어난 작가이다. 문학에 대한 관심이 높은 그는 당시를 추구하고 진한고문을 익혔다. 그는 육경의 도학을 기본으로 하여 양웅과 한유의 박학을 추구하고 사마천과 반고의 기이한 문장을 본받았다. 뿐만 아니라 노장사상까지 섭렵하여 고상하고 포용하며 심원하고 정미한 문장을 추구하였다. 그의 산문은 크게 세 가지 특질이 있었다. 첫째는 풍격이 전아엄중하며 의고적 글쓰기이다. 글은 문체가 엄중하고 사리가 분명하였다. 경전을 비롯하여 史書에서 전고를 인용하여 자신의 논리 전개를 보완하여 전아한 문체를 형성했다. 서경의 문체를 본받아 의고적 글쓰기도 시도하였다. 이는 그가 진한고문가적 특질을 잘 보여준다 둘째는 도학적 논리를 웅건한 필치로 서술한 점이다. 김정은 호방한 상상력을 통해 태초의 모습을 논리적으로 서술했으며, 형기론에 입각하여 조화의 세계를 웅건하게 서술하였다. 이러한 도학적 글쓰기는 김정의 학문적 관심이 얼마나 깊고 넓었는지를 잘 보여준다. 셋째 김정의 산문에는 의론과 직서가 다양한 방식으로 구성된 점이다. 의론과 직서, 직서와 의론, 한 문단 내 직서와 의론의 교차, 한 문장 내 직서와 의문형 의론 등의 방식이 구성되어 있다. 이는 그가 의론과 직서의 묘합을 통해 다양한 방식으로 산문을 창작한 사실을 말해준다. 이상과 같은 김정의 산문에는 서경 및 진한고문의 문체적 특징과 호방한 도학가 상상력이 결부되어 자신만의 산문세계를 이루고 있었다. 그의 산문은 조선 전기 성리학적 사고에 기반한 일반적 산문 글쓰기에서 진한 산문을 전범으로 삼아 고문적 글쓰기로 문풍이 전환되는데 있어서 과도기적 면모를 보여주고 있다. Chung-am Kim Jeong is a distinguished writer in the fields of moral philosophy and literature also in a scholar group in the year of Gimyo. He who was highly interested in literature pursued poems of Dang Dynasty and learned ancient literary works inChineseJinandHandynastie s.He not only sought profound knowledge of Yang-wung and Han-yoo but followed extraordinary sentences of Samacheon and Ban-go based on the moral philosophy written in Yukgyeong also. He, in addition, searched for noble, comprehensive, profound and specific sentence by widely reading theories of Lao-tzu and Chuang-tzu. There were generally three features in his prose. Firstly, his style of writing is archaistic with elegance and strictness. His proses had sternness and clearly made sense. He formed a refined style while complementing in developing his theory by quoting authentic precedent from Chinese Confucian text as well as scripture. He, also, tried archaistic writing following the style of Seogyeong. This shows his characteristic of ancientliteraturein Chinese Jin and Han dynasties. Secondly, he developed his theory of moral philosophy in vigorous style. Kim Jeong logically described beginning state of the world through his broad imagination and vigorously wrote the world of harmony. He sturdily described harmonious world based on Hyunggiron. This ethical writing proves the profoundness and wideness of Kim Jeong"s academic interest. Thirdly, his proses are consisted of argument and direct description in various ways. They are constructed with discussion and direct statement, and vice versa. Also, there are intersection between direct description and argument in one paragraph, and method of mixing direct statement and argument as questions in one sentence. This proves the fact that he wrote proses by tactfully mixing argument and direct statement in various ways. Therefore, Kim Jeong created his own world of literature where his writing style of Seogyeong and ancient literary works in Chinese Jin and Han dynasties was linked to his broad moralistic imagination. His proses show a transitional aspect from general prose style based on Neo-Confuciastic thought in early period of Joseon dynasty into archaistic one following proses in Chinese Jin and Han dynasties.

모바일 기기의 WiFi 정보를 이용한 대용량 GPS 데이터의 이상치 보정 방법 연구

이향진(Hyang-Jin Lee),최정화 (Jung-Hwa Choi ),박영택(Young-Tack Park) 한국정보과학회 2011 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.38 No.2D

스마트폰을 비롯한 모바일 기기의 사용이 늘어나면서 모바일 기기에 장착된 센서를 통해 수집된 정보를 이용한 수많은 개인화 서비스들이 제공되고 있다. 그 중에서도 위치 정보를 이용한 위치기반서비스(LBS: Location-Based Service)가 주목받고 있다. GPS(Global Positioning System)는 위성으로부터 받은 신호를 이용하여 사용자의 위치를 얻는 방법이다. 하지만 도심과 같이 건물이 많은 지역이나 건물 안에서의 수신 오류로 인해 실제 위치와 오차가 발생하고 이로 인해 정확한 서비스를 제공할 수 없다. 본 논문은 GPS 데이터의 이상치를 모바일 기기의 WiFi 정보를 이용하여 보정하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 GPS 데이터와 함께 WiFi를 인지한 사용자 궤적 데이터로부터 사용자가 실제 머문 위치와의 비교를 통해 오차 구간을 식별하고 GPS 데이터 클러스터링을 통해 이상치 데이터를 보정한다. 실험 결과 제안한 방법에 의해 오차가 발생한 대용량 GPS 데이터의 상당부분이 보정되는 것을 확인하였다.

원격교육의 디자인 실기교과목 동영상수업방식에 관한 효과 연구

이향아(Lee Hyang A) 한국디자인문화학회 2003 한국디자인문화학회지 Vol.9 No.4

유한요소법을 이용한 애자의 최적형상 설계

李享範(Hyang-beom Lee),朴日韓(Il-han Park),韓松曄(Song-yop Hahn) 대한전기학회 1998 전기학회논문지 Vol.47 No.9

소설쓰기에서 사실적 경험과 문학적 상상: 이언 맥큐언의 『속죄』

이향만 ( Hyang Mann Lee ) 한국현대영어영문학회 2009 현대영어영문학 Vol.53 No.1