운동이 초경 및 월경에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

심재식,진영수,임광서,김형남 대한산부인과학회 1990 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.33 No.9

운동이 초경 및 월경의 변화에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해서, 서울 시내 11개 여자중고등학교의 운동선수 296명과, 일반학생 675명, 총 971명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 평균 초경연령 비교에서 선수군(14.23±1.32세)이 비선수군(13.21±0.97)에 비해서 유의하게 지연되었으며(P$lt;0.005), 또한 Group I(14.56±1.00세)이 Group II(13.18±1.61세)에 비해서 유의하게 초경이 지연된 것으로 나타났다(P$lt;0.005). 2. 체지방율의 비교에서 선수군(27.32±3.71%)이 비선수군(26.20±3.74%)에 비해서 높게 나타났지만, 선수군 중 체조(22.76±2.59%), 발레(22.60±2.25%), 수영(24.34±2.98%)의 경우는 비선수군에 비해서 유의하게 낮았으며(P$lt;0.005, P$lt;0.005, P$lt;0.05), 원발성 무월경인 6명(체조;2명, 발레;4명)은(20.18±1.18%) 더 유의하게 낮았다(P$lt;0.001). 3. 월경주기의 비교에서 불규칙월경과 희발월경의 빈도는 선수군이 비선수군에 비해서 유의하게 높았으며(P$lt;0.05), Group I은 Group II에 비해서 유의하게 높게 나타났다(P$lt;0.05). 또한, 원발성 무월경은 선수군에서만 2.1%로 나타났다. 4. 월경량의 비교에서 선수군이 비선수군에 비해서 적었으며, 월경기간은 차이가 없었다. 5. 월경전 증후는 선수군과 비선수군에서 우울, 유방통, 두통의 동일한 순으로 나타났으며, 그 빈도는 선수군이 유의하게 높았다(P$lt;0.05). 6. 월경중 자각증상은 선수군과 비선수군에서 요통, 불쾌감, 복통, 전신피로감의 동일한 순으로 나타났고, 그 빈도는 유의한 차이가 없었지만, Group I에서 약간 높게 나타났다. 7. 선수군에서 운동을 시작한 이후, $quot;월경의 변화가 있었다$quot;라고 응답한 경우는 53.5%로 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 8. 집중훈련 후의 월경력 조사에서, 월경주기가 규칙적이었다가 훈련 후에 불규칙월경, 희발월경, 무월경으로 변화된 빈도는 각각 24.8%, 9.6%, 3.2%이었고, 희발월경과 무월경의 빈도는 훈련 후에 유의하게 증가되었으며(P$lt;0.05), 월경량과 월경기간은 훈련 전후에 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 생리통은 훈련에 유의하게 증가되었다. 9. 운동시합시 원경 지연을 목적으로 약물복용을 하는 선수는 22.5%였으며, 월경중에 시합이 있는 경우 12.3%가 심한 지장을 받는 것으로 나타났다. The study was designed to investigate the various influences of exercise on menarche and menstruation. For the data sampling, self-administered questionnaire survey was made in Feb. 1989 among 296 athletic and 675 nonathletic students of the 11 middle and high school in Seoul. The results were as follows. 1. The mean menarcheal age was to be significant difference between the athletic group(14.23±1.32yrs) and the nonathletic group(13.21±0.97yrs), and between Group I(14.56±1.00yrs) and Group II(13.18 ±1.61yrs).(P$lt;0.05). 2. Although the mean body fat % of the athletic group(27.32± 3.71%) was higher than that of the nonathletic group(26.20±3.74%), but the mean body fat % of gymnastics(22.76±2.59%), ballet dancers(22.60±2.25), and swimmers(24.34± 2.98%) were significantly lower than that of the nonathletic group(P$lt;0.005, P$lt;0.005, P$lt;0.05). And, that or 6 athletes who were primary amenorrhea(gymnastics; 2, ballet; 4)(20.18±1.18%), was more significantly lower than that of the nonathletic group(P$lt;0.001). 3. The proportions of irregular menstrual cycle and oligomenorrhea of the athletic group(37.3%, 9.3%) were significantly higher than those of the nonathletic group(25.1%, 0.6%). And the proportions of irregular menstrual cycle and oligomenorrhea of Group I(41.4%, 12.0%) were significantly higher than those of Group II(26.8%, 1.4%).(P$lt;0.05). And, the primary amenorrhea was found among the athletic group only(2.1%). 4. The menstrual amount of the athletic group was lesser than that of the nonathleticgroup. And, there was no difference in menstrual period. 5. The premenstrual syndrome were found to be the same orders of depression(28.4%, 18.2%), breast tenderness(20.7%, 10.9%), headache(16.0%, 8.3%) in both athletic and nonathletic groups. And, the proportions of those of the sthletic group were significantly higher than those of the nonathletic group(P$lt;0.05). 6. The subjective symptoms during menstruation were found to be same orders of back pain(66.5%, 55.7%), unpleasantness(53.5%, 55.6%), abdominal cramp(51.3%, 52.2%), fatigue(28.7%, 25.1%) in both athletic and nonathletic groups. And, the proportions of those were not to be significant difference between two groups, but found to be slightly high in Group I. 7. Of the athletic group, the proportion of the menstrual change after onset of training was significantly high(53.5%). 8. After the periods of concentrated training, the proportions of 125 athletes, who had have regular menstrual cycle, had the change of the cycle to irregular menstrual cycle, oligomenorrhea, and amenorrhea, sere 24.8%, 9.6%, 3.2% respectively. And the proportions of oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea after training were significantly increased.(P$lt;0.05). And, there was no significant difference in menstrual amount and menstrual period, but the proportion of dysmenorrhea was significantly increased after concentrated training. 9. The proportion of the athletes, who used drug to delay menstruation before the game, was 22.5%. And, the proportion of the athletes who had troubled with menstruation markedly during the game, was 12.3%.

폭이 좁은 빔 발산을 갖는 분포귀환형 레이저 다이오드

심재식,류상완,김성복,김제하 한국통신학회 2001 한국통신학회 기타 간행물 Vol.2001 No.10

A Four-Channel Laser Array with Four 10 Gbps Monolithic EAMs Each Integrated with a DBR Laser

심재식,김성복,권용환,백용순,류상완 한국전자통신연구원 2006 ETRI Journal Vol.28 No.4

A distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) laser and a high speed electroabsorption modulator (EAM) are integrated on the basis of the selective area growth technique. The typical threshold current is 4 to 6 mA, and the side mode suppression ratio is over 40 dB with single mode operation at 1550 nm. The DBR laser exhibits 2.5 to 3.3 mW fiber output power at a laser gain current of 100 mA, and a modulator bias voltage of 0 V. The 3 dB bandwidth is 13 GHz. A 10 Gbps non-return to zero operation with 12 dB extinction ratio is obtained. A four-channel laser array with 100 GHz wavelength spacing was fabricated and its operation at the designed wavelength was confirmed.

P형 Fe(Mn)Si₂ 열전재료 분말의 성형 및 미세조직

심재식,홍순직,천병선,Shim, J.S.,Hong, S.J.,Chun, B.S. 한국분말야금학회 2008 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.15 No.5

The effects of the dopant (Mn) ratio on the microstructure and thermoelectric properties of $FeSi_2$ alloy were studied in this research. The alloy was fabricated by a combination process of ball milling and high pressure pressing. Structural behavior of the sintered bulks were systematically investigated by XRD, SEM, and optical microscopy. With increasing dopan (Mn) ratio, the density and ${\varepsilon}-FeSi$ phase of the sintered bulks increased and maximum density of 94% was obtained in the 0.07% Mn-doped alloy. The sintered bulks showed fine microstructure of ${\alpha}-Fe_{2}Si_{5}$, ${\varepsilon}-FeSi$ and ${\beta}-FeSi_2$ phase. The semiconducting phase of ${\beta}-FeSi_2$ was transformed from ${\alpha}-Fe_{2}Si_{5}+{\varepsilon}-FeSi$ phase by annealing.

양수 Optical Density Difference (Absorbance Peak) 치에 관한 연구

심재식 中央醫學社 1980 中央醫學 Vol.38 No.3

Thanatophoric Dwarfism의 1 례

심재식,임광서,김형남,김중일,정시영 대한산부인과학회 1990 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.33 No.5

저자들은 25세초반부의 산전진찰시 Thanatophoric dwarfism이라고 사료되는 1례를 경험하였기에 간단한 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Thanatophoric dwarfism is a short-limb dwarf condition which usually results in death shortly after birth, and for the first time, it was described by Maroteaux, Lamy, and Robert in 1967, who differentiated it from achondroplasia. We present one case of thanatophoric dwarfism which has been diagnosed during antenatal period with review of literatures.

p-type Fe(Mn)Si2 반도체 합금 분말의 성형성과 열전 성능 (초)

심재식,천병선,홍순직 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 2008 대한금속재료학회 학술대회 개요집 Vol.2008 No.1

모체혈장 및 태자혈장간의 $Li^+$농도 경사의 특성에 관한 연구

심재식,성호경,Shim, Jae-Sik,Sung, Ho-Kyung 대한생리학회 1987 대한생리학회지 Vol.21 No.1

This study was carried out to investigate the characteristics of lithium concentration difference between maternal and fetal plasma and the effect of previous lithium loading on rapid transplacental transport of large amounts of lithium. Pregnant rabbits at $20{\sim}22\;days$ of gestation were divided into two groups: chronic $Li^+$ injection group and chronic plus acute $Li^+$ injection group. Small amounts of LiCl (1 mmol/kg per day) were given intraperitoneally to all rabbits of both group, for 5 days before sacrifice. The rabbits of chronic plus acute injection group, received additional intravenous injections of large amounts of LiCl (2 mmol/kg) one hour before sacrifice. Maternal arterial blood, placental sinus blood, fetal blood and amniotic fluid were drawn and analyzed for the plasma concentrations of $Li^+$, $Na^+$ and $K^+$ and for osmolartiy. Followings are the results obtained. 1) There was no difference in the $Li^+$ concentration between maternal plasma and placental sinus plasma in chronic lithium group, although the $Li^+$ concentration of placental sinus plasma was slightly lower than that of maternal arterial plasma in the chronic plus acute lithium group. 2) The $Li^+$ concentration of fetal plasma was much lower than that of placental sinus plasma in both groups, the ratio being $0.76{\pm}0.250$ ($mean{\pm}95%$ confidence interval) for the chronic $Li^+$ group and $0.78{\pm}0.366$ for the chronic plus acute $Li^+$ group. 3) The ratio of $Li^+$ concentration of fetal plasma to maternal arterial plasma was $0.71{\pm}0.196$ in the chronic group and $0.59{\pm}0.261$ in the chronic plus acute group. 4) $Li^+$ concentration of amniotic fluid was much higher than that of fetal plasma in the chronic $Li^+$ group but not significantly different in the chronic plus acute $Li^+$ group. 5) An acute loading of $Li^+$ did not produce any detectable changes in $Na^+$ and $K^+$ concentrations and osmolarity of the maternal plasma. The above results may suggest that: (a) The placental barrier maintains steady state lithium concentration gradient between placental sinus plasma and fetal plasma. (b) In rabbits chronically treated with $Li^+$ the steady state $Li^+$ gradient is established within one hour after an acute $Li^+$ loading, provided that the $Li^+$ concentration in the maternal plasma is less than 4 mmole/l.

시설 유기재배의 작부체계에 따른 작물 생산성과 토양화학성 평가

심재식(Jae-Sig Shim),이정환(Jeong-Hwan Lee),신수정(Soo-Jeong Shin),홍순달(Soon-Dal Hong) 한국토양비료학회 2010 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2010 No.10

지하수위에 따른 보리, 밀, 조희 수분 이용효율 특성

심재식 ( Jae Sig Shim ),김범기 ( Beom Gee Kim ),이정환 ( Jeong Hwan Lee ),정형진 ( Hyung Jin Jeong ),홍순달 ( Soon Dal Hong ) 한국토양비료학회 2008 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 Vol.2008 No.-