1630년대 심양 사행일기의 면모 -<심양사행일기>와 <심양왕환일기>를 중심으로

신해진 ( Hae Jin Shin ) 택민국학연구원 2015 국학연구론총 Vol.0 No.16

선약해(宣若海)의 <심양사행일기(瀋陽使行日記)>와 위정철(魏廷喆)의 <심양왕환일기(瀋陽往還日記)>의 연구를 통해 1630년대 심양 사행일기의 구체적 면모와 전반적특징을 살피고자 하였다. <심양사행일기>는 1630년 선약해가 위문사(慰問使)로서, <심양왕환일기>는 1631년 위정철이 회답사(回答使)로서 심양에 다녀온 일기이다. 둘다 사신으로서 공식 임무를 수행한 일지이자, 중원의 정세 정탐보고서이기도 하다. 먼저, 사신으로서 공식 임무 수행 과정에서는 공격적인 불손한 후금인들을 상대하며 목숨을 내놓고 임무를 수행하는 사신의 모습을 만날 수 있었다. 선약해는 ‘가도(가島)의 명군에게 쌀 제공 여부’를 놓고 집중적으로 추궁을 당하면서 또한 ‘변발한 사람을 쇄환하는 일, 후금의 잠상(潛商)들을 정벌한 일, 군사를 빌려주는 일’ 등에 대해 갈등과 마찰을 빚는 가운데 조선의 국서 전달 및 후금의 분노를 달래는 임무를 수행하였다. 반면, 위정철은 ‘가도의 변란 뒤에 일어날 상황’에 대한 관심을 갖고 있으면서 ‘예물의 감소에 대해 불만’을 품고 있으며 ‘변발한 사람의 쇄환’을 요구하는 후금에게 당당하게 대응하기도 하고 옹색한 사정을 들어 달래기도 하고 어쩔 수 없이 요구를 들어주기도하면서 조선의 국서 및 예물을 전달하는 임무를 수행하였다. 게다가 위정철은 후금으로부터 대금을 받고 약재(藥材)을 거래하기도 하고, 후금에 귀순한 조선인의 쇄환을 요구하기도 하였다. 하지만 둘 다 후금의 회답국서를 받지 못한 채 귀국해야 했다. 다음으로, 다양한 방법으로 명나라와 후금의 정세 등을 정탐한 첩보의 구체적 양상을 알 수 있었다. 뇌물을 주고 호인을 매수하기도 하고, 길에서 만난 농부에게 은근슬쩍 돌려 묻기도 하고, 호인들끼리 하는 말을 엿듣기도 하여 얻은 정보를 빠짐없이 기록하고 있다. 뿐만 아니라, 포로로 잡혀간 조선인들, 조선에서 죄를 짓고 후금에 투항한 자들의 근황에도 촉각을 세우고 있다. 향후 조선의 정치적 외교적 행보를 결정하는데 중요한 단초를 마련하고자 명과 후금의 정세를 상세하게 기록하고자 한 것이다. 그리고 <심양사행일기>와 <심양왕환일기>는 모두 후금의 차사들과의 대화를 그대로 옮겨놓음으로써 사신들의 고충과 노력에 대한 형상화를 극대화할 수 있었고, 포로조선인 및 후금인들과의 대화나 제보를 그대로 옮겨놓음으로써 첩보의 신빙성을 높일수 있었으니, 이는 사실성을 확보에도 기여하는 것이어서 실기로서 그 가치가 인정된다 하겠다. This paper studies Seon Yak-hae(宣若海)``s <Simyang sahaeng ilgi> (Consolation Messenger``s Diary about Shenyang Travel), and Wi Jeong-cheol (魏廷喆)``s <Simyang wanghwan ilgi> (Reconciliation Messenger``s Diary of Shenyang Travel) to examine Simyang sahaeng ilgi in the 1630s. <Simyang sahaeng ilgi> was written in 1630 by Seon Yak-hae after he visited Simyang as a consolation messenger, and <Simyang wanghwan ilgi> was written in 1631 by Wi Jeong-cheol after he visited Simyang as a reconciliation messenger. Both are diaries on official missions and intelligence reports on China at the same time. Seon Yak-hae was intensively questioned about whether Joseon(朝鮮) provided rice to Ming(明) troops in Gado(가島), and faced conflicts and confrontations over the repatriation of pigtailed people, subjugation of Later Jin (後金) smugglers(潛商), and the lending of troops, and yet carried out his missions of delivering Joseon``s credentials and appeasing Later Jin``s wrath. On the other hand, Wi Jeong-cheol boldly responded to Later Jin which was deeply concerned about possible civil war in Gado, which was dissatisfied over the reduced tributes, and which requested the repatriation of pigtailed people. He listened to their mean excuses and appeased them, reluctantly accepted their demands, and yet carried out his missions of delivering Joseon``s credentials and tributes. They as emissaries carried out their official missions, even risking their lives, as they handled the aggressive, impolite Later Jin officials. Seon Yak-hae and Wi Jeong-cheol tried to get the intelligence about the political situations of Later Jin and Ming in diverse ways. To do that, they bribed people, asked farmers on the roads, eavesdropped on the Chinese. In this way, they gathered and recorded all these intelligence. They also were keen about the captured Joseon people and Joseon people who defected to Later Jin after they committed felonies in Joseon. To determine Joseon``s future political and diplomatic strategy, the two emissaries recorded the political situations of Ming and Later Jin in detail. <Simyang sahaeng ilgi> and <Simyang wanghwan ilgi> recorded the emissaries`` talks with Later Jin``s officials to fully show their difficulty and efforts. They also recorded the talks with and intelligence about the captured Joseon people and Later Jin people so as to boost the reliability of the intelligence, but also contributed to securing the factual truth, offering tremendous values as actual records(實記).

고전문학과 지역성 -구전 견훤설화의 설화의식을 중심으로-

신해진 ( Hae Jin Shin ) 한국문학언어학회 2004 어문론총 Vol.41 No.-

조선전기 고전소설에 나타난 여성형상의 특징과 그 의미 -전기소설을 중심으로-

신해진 ( Hae Jin Shin ) 우리어문학회 2004 우리어문연구 Vol.23 No.-

〈角觝少年傳〉해제 및 역주

신해진(Shin Hae-Jin) 한국문학회 2007 韓國文學論叢 Vol.46 No.-

  〈Gakjeosonyeonjeon〉, a Jeon(傳) style novel, is written by Jongun Byun(卞鍾運) and it comes from ≪Sojaejip(?齋集)≫, the writer"s collection of works. The main character, a monk loves women, wants to take a young man"s wife by giving money and never pays attention to his self-discipline. Also, he threatens and blackmails debtors to get that money. In a word, he is the evil. On the other hand, the young man who is a ssir?m(Korean wrestling) player looks like an unmanly person. But he shows his wisdom by suggesting the monk to fight with ssir?m because this man already knew the fact that the monk likes ssir?m. Besides, the monk died of this game and it shows the man"s extraordinariness. In other words, the young man who is a coward-like figure wins the vicious monk so the story tells "encouraging the good and punishing the evil".<BR>  Ssir?m as a means of punishing the evil is thought that this theme is based on the law of power. The young ssir?m player is a symbol of the growing, new power-class against to the contradicting ruling class.<BR>  The unique feature of the novel is ssir?m as the means of punishment. The description of ssir?m scene is very concrete and elaborate, and this is considered not to come from the real situation but to represent with pictures of ssir?m. Therefore, the above discussion is important to examine the cooperating aspect of literature and fine arts, and also to look at one side of novel creating. <BR>  For these reasons, this study is carried out to make more perfect translation and preciser notes of〈Gakjeosonyeonjeon〉.

정신간호사의 감정노동과 전문직 삶의 질

신해진 ( Shin Hae Jin ),김계하 ( Kim Kye Ha ) 한국보건사회연구원 2015 保健社會硏究 Vol.35 No.4

The study was conducted to examine the emotional labor and professional quality of life of psychiatric nurses. A cross-sectional survey was conducted. One hundred fifty-six participants were selected from psychiatric ward in 7 hospitals located in G city, Y city and J area. A structured questionnaire was used as a study instrument which included general characteristics, Emotional Labor Scale and Professional Quality of Life Scale version 5 (Korean). Data were collected from March to June 2014. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression were used for analysis. There were significant correlation between emotional labor and professional quality of life (compassion satisfaction and secondary traumatic stress). The factors influencing compassion satisfaction were education, fixed duty, and emotional labor. The factors influencing burnout were clinical career of psychiatric nursing and education. The factors influencing secondary traumatic stress was emotional labor. Emotional labor was an important predictor of compassion satisfaction and secondary traumatic stress. Therefore, there is a need to provide intervention to help nurses decrease their emotional labor and increase their professional quality of life.

<내성지>의 창작동인 탐색

신해진 ( Hae Jin Shin ) 택민국학연구원 2008 국학연구론총 Vol.0 No.1

김수민이 1757년에 지은 <내성지>는 공히 숙부에게 죽임을 당한 왕들인 조선조 端宗과 명나라 建文皇帝가 강원도 내성에 서 양국의 충신열사들을 만나는 과정과 그들을 위해 베푼 연회를 김씨 성의 無名子가 목격하는 것으로 된 몽유록 작품이다. 그간 이 작품에 대해 托夢에 관련된 몽유록 특유의 서술구조적 특징 및 그것의 변모양상을 밝히는 데만 주력하여, 이 작품이 지니고 있는 주제적 실질이 제대로 규명되지 않았다. 물론 <원생몽유록>과의 비교를 통해서 변별적 주제의식을 살핀 논의도 있었지만, 그것은 일면적인 규명이었다는 한계를 지니고 있다. 작가가 은밀히 구현하고자 하는 寓意를 담은 주제의식을 살피려고 한다면, 역사적 사실과 허구적 질서와의 관련방식, 그리고 문학 외적인 충격에 대응하는 작가의 의식 방향 등이 주목될 필요가 있다. 따라서 이글은 창작동인을 작가적 동인과 시대적 동인으로 나누어서 살폈는데, 특히 시대적 동인은 16세기에서 18세기까지 단종과 三相그리고 단종복위운동 참여자에 대한 추복 논의의 변모 과정 및 노론계 특히 宋時烈의 입장과 역할 등 역사적 사실을 정밀하게 탐색하고자 한 것이다. 말하자면, 주로 역사학계의 연구 성과들을 정리한 것으로서 <내성지>의 본격적인 주제의식을 규명하기 위한 예비적 작업인 셈이다. <Naesunggi>, which is written by Kim Soo-min(金壽民) in 1757, is a kind of Mongyurok(夢遊錄), a literary work whose material is the experience during a dream. It deals with the experience of an anonymous, just known as Kim, who observes two kings` meeting with their loyal subjects and patriots in Nae-sung(奈城), Kangwon-do(江原道). The two kings are Dan-jong(端宗), one of kings of Cho-sun(朝鮮) dynasty, and Kun Moon(建文), one of emperors of Myung(明) Dyansty, respectively and both were killed by their uncle. Since the existing researches have focused on the characteristic of narrative structures of Mongyurok or the aspects of its transformation, its substantial subjects have not examined closely yet. Even though there have been some studies on the distinctive themes by comparing with <Wonsaeng Mongyurok(元生夢遊錄)>, they show the limit of one sided examinations. To examine the theme which the author intends to contains as a hidden meaning[寓意], it needs noticing the method of connecting between historical facts and fictional structures, and the orientation of the author`s intention facing external impacts. This study examines the creation motive in two aspects, which are the authorial motive and the motive of the times respectively. Especially, investigating the motive of the times is for the close examination on the historical facts, such as the configuration process of the argument on Chu-bok(追復) relating to Dan-jong, Sam Sang(三相), and the participants of Dan-jong restoration movement during from 16th century to 18 century, and the position and role of No-ron(老論) and Song Si-yeol(宋時烈). In brief, the aim of this study is a kind of preliminary work to investigate fundamental themes of <Naesunggi> through arranging the study results of the academic circle of history.

창의록 문헌의 변개 양상

신해진(Shin, Hae-jin) 국어국문학회 2013 국어국문학 Vol.- No.164

This study aims to examine aspects of modification in Changuirok(倡義錄) which recorded civilian army activity in Honam(湖南) during the period of the Manchu war of 1636. More than 100 years past from war, Honam Changuiroks(湖南倡義錄) were for the first time organized and recorded based on memories and poor references till 1760s. Records were for civilian army activities and its central figures even though save-the-nation-movement was not successful. But many of them tended to focus on reverence for forebears rather than historical facts. There was some inclination to overanalyze patriotic martyrs as more prominent figures than what they were from the HyoJong(孝宗) to JoungJo(正祖) dynasty. Especially this tendency was marked in the descendants of Sunjeolja(殉節者) or Cheokwhapa(斥和派) and Seoin(西人) or Noron(老論) who were passed down the formers academic tradition. Whether they were true or not, the different versions of Changuiroks(倡義錄) were indiscriminately cited by researchers. So it is necessary to guarantee appropriacy of quotations and value through critical review of original materials. The comparison of the first version, Usanseonsaeng Byeongjachanguirok(牛山先生丙子倡義錄) and the second version, Eunbongseonsaen Changuirok(隱峯先生倡義錄) was the first step to verify an aspect of modifications. The conclusion is like this. An Bangjun(安邦俊) played the pivotal role. Some historical facts were modified to make him stands out from others. The process of modification made many kinds of versions regardless of actual events. In addition, personal goals which aimed to elevate the family name and the glory of descendants also caused a series of different versions. Consequently, it would appear from this that the first edition dealt with the subject of fact, whereas the second version focused on ancestor worship and pride of descendants.

합천 밤마리 오광대의 실존양상과 그 의미

신해진 ( Hae Jin Shin ),조태성 ( Tae Seong Jo ) 택민국학연구원 2010 국학연구론총 Vol.0 No.6

Bammari-ogwangdae in Hapcheon acted as a midwife of Ogwangdae plays in South Gyeongsang Province making good use of their geographical and economical condition. But Bammari-ogwangdae had not handed down since it had been disappeared in 1925. Bammari-ogwangdae was composed of six-small plays. There are the play of Obansinjang-dancing, Nobleman(Yangban), Monk(Joong), the old woman and his husband(Halmi-Yeonggam), Youngno and Lion-dancing. This fact indicates that three ogwangdae in the same area had the same origin. This paper studied on the meaning of folklore as the origin of ogwangdae plays in South Gyeongsang Province. The restoration of Bammari-ogwangdae is a kind of the new birth. Keeping this point in mind, we have to strive to concentrate on the new-restoration.

〈柳淵傳〉의 惡人 형상과 그 행방

신해진(Hae-jin Shin) 어문연구학회 2007 어문연구 Vol.54 No.-

  This study focuses on two major problems:the seventeenth-century villain form and its traces in Yooyeonjeon(柳淵傳). At first I searched major conflicts in Yooyeonjeon written in the early seventeenth century and then tried to explore traces of the villain form which are made at the point of collision.<BR>  Yooyeonjeon contains a variety of contradictions. They are as follows:a legitimate son ran away from home and it caused discord of succession of descent and inheritance. The family members intrigue against each other, the unfair lawsuit is proceeding by a false accusation and finally a character meets his end. All of these shows us that characters in Yooyeonjeon can"t live in harmony and this circumstance enables the villain form to appear spontaneously.<BR>  There are threefold conflicts in Yooyeonjeon and villain form is caused by them. When the succession of ancestor worship is performed by “Hyeongmangjegup”(兄亡弟及; some kind of practise law), Mrs. Baek(白氏), the first daughter-in-law(?婦), reveals hardness of heart for the sake of her own living and social position. When Yooyeon(柳淵) tries to inherit a fortune from his father by ignoring lawful equalized inheritance, Leeji(李?) who is full of complaints shows us an avaricious look of a man of influence. Shimtongwon(沈通源) forms an incompetent judge through a conflict between a miscarriage of justice which demeaned the authority and a retrial which recovers a fall of power through correcting. Meanwhile why Mrs. Baek doesn"t reveal a typical villain is that the early seventeenth century couldn"t establish a powerful patriarchal society yet. This is the very difference of villain form between Yooyeonjeon and Changsungameulok(彰善感義錄) and Sassinamjungki(謝氏南征記) written in the late seventeenth century.<BR>  Yooyeonjeon quotes the villain form from true story. A variety of villain forms caused by threefold conflicts can be divided into two branches; one assumes public character which contains Shimtongwon and the other private which covers Mrs. Baek and Leeji. These kinds of villain forms help to build creative foundations where various villain forms in late Chosun can derive.

<정을선전>의 갈등구조에 은폐된 혼속의 의미 -박문서관 활자본을 대상으로-

신해진 ( Shin¸ Hae-jin ) 우리어문학회 2021 우리어문연구 Vol.69 No.-

This paper seeks to examine the aspects and meanings of marriagerelated customs concealed in the conflict structure of the ancient novel < Jeongeulseonjeon > (the Biography of Jeong Eul-seon) while examining the changes in the Joseon Dynasty marriage customs. The Joseon Dynasty attempted to cultivate and practice Neo-Confucian morality through the Clan Code with Neo-Confucianism as its ruling ideology. As part of such efforts, they continued efforts to transform Namgwiyeoga (the custom by which the bridegroom lived in the bride's house), which was a marriage custom in the early Joseon period, into Chinyeongnye (the custom by which the bridegroom brought the bride from her house to live together in his home). However, even by the late Joseon Dynasty, a complete Chinyeongnye was not achieved, and Ban-chinyeongnye marriage customs were practiced under the influence of Namgwiyeoga marriage. The novel < Jeongeulseonjeon > conceals this Banchinyeong marriage customs in the conflict structure. In order to examine this in more detail, this study first explored the overall conflict structure of the work. The composition of the paragraphs of the conflict in the first part of the work adopted the abusive motif of the step-model family novel to realize obstacle to marriage, while the composition of the paragraphs of the conflict in the second part borrowed the story of the affection conflict between the wife and the concubine in order to resolve the chaos of the position of the lawful wife in relation to 'obstacle to marriage' described in the first part. < Jeongeulseonjeon > is a work with a conflict structure of the close-knit association, and it embodies the ritual of Banchinyeongnye in this conflict structure. Considering the situation in the Ikju region, where the foundation of the bride's home completely collapsed, she is deemed to have lost her rights as the daughter. Considering the situation at Jeongeulseon's husband's home, her rights and position as the daughter-in-law or legitimate wife were more secured, so it was understood that the meaning of marriage customs, converting to a paternal-centered society that excludes maternal lineage and wife lineage, was concealed in the work.