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사염화탄소 중에서 Thioacetamide와 N,N-Dimethylpropionamide간의 수소 결합에 관한 분광학적 연구
김병철,송규석,김건,최영상,Byung-Chul Kim,Seok-Kyu Song,Keon Kim,Young-Sang Choi 대한화학회 1985 대한화학회지 Vol.29 No.6
Near-ir spectra have been obtained for the $ν_3$+ Amide II combination thioacetamide(TA) band in CC$l_4$ and TA-DMP in CC$l_4$ in the range of 5 to 55${\circ}C$. Absorbance of the weak bands of the DMP and solvent has been compensated. The spectra are analyzed by the computer resolution into two Lorentzian-Gaussian product bands which have been identified with monomeric TA and 1 : 1 TA-DMP complex. Equilibrium constants and thermodynamic parameters for the hydrogen bonding between TA and DMP have been evaluated by the analysis of the concentration and temperature dependent spectra for the very dilute CC$l_4$ solutions. The $ΔH{\circ} and ΔS{\circ}$ of TA and DMT have been found to be -14.6 kJmo$l^{-1}$ and -16.2 Jmo$l^{-1}$ de$g^{-1}$. Thioacetamide(TA) - CC$l_4$ 용액과 TA- DMP - CC$l_4$ 용액에 대한 $ν_3$ + Amide II 조합띠의 근적외선 스펙트럼을 5 ~ 55${\circ}C$ 범위에서 얻었다. 이 띠 부근에서 생기는 DMP와 용매의 약한 흡수띠는 대조액을 사용하여 보상하였다. 복합된 스펙트럼은 콤퓨터를 사용하여 각 띠의 형태를 Lorentzian-Gaussian 곱의 함수로 보아 두 개의 띠로 분리하였고 이는 각각 TA 단위체와 TA-DMP의 1:1 복합체 임을 확인하였다. 매우 묽은 CC$l_4$ 용액 중에서 TA-DMP 농도 및 온도 의존스펙트럼을 분석하여 TA와 DMP 간의 수소결합에 대한 평형상수와 열역학적 파라미터를 구하였다. TA와 DMP 간의 $ΔH{\circ}는 -14.6 kJmol^{-1}$이었고 $ΔS{\circ}는 -16.2 Jmol^{-1}$de$g^{-1}$이었다.
모세관 셀을 이용한 수용액 내 악티나이드 화학종의 고감도 검출
조혜륜,박경균,정의창,송규석,Cho, Hye-Ryun,Park, Kyuong-Kyun,Jung, Euo-Chang,Song, Kyu-Seok 한국방사성폐기물학회 2009 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.7 No.2
Absorption spectra for a quantitative analysis of actinide elements such as U(VI) and Pu(V) were measured by using a liquid waveguide capillary cell (LWCC) which has an optical path length of 1.0 meter. In order to investigate radioactive elements, a LWCC is installed in a glove box and is coupled to a spectrophotometer with optical fibers. Limits of detection (LOD) for the system were determined as 0.74 and 0.35 M with molar absorption coefficients of 8.14${\pm}$0.07 (414 nm) and 17.00${\pm}$0.16 (569 nm) $M^{-1}cm^{-1}$ for U(VI) and Pu(V) ions, respectively. The measured LOD values are about 30 times more sensitive when compared to those achievable by using a conventional quartz cell with an optical path length of 1.0 cm. As an application with an enhanced sensitivity, a quantitative analysis for micromolar concentrations of Pu(V) has been performed to decrease the uncertainty in the formation constant of the Pu(VI)-OH complex.
이명호,이규환,박경균,정의창,송규석,신현상,Lee, Myung-Ho,Lee, Kyu-Whan,Park, Kyung-Kyun,Jung, Euo-Chang,Song, Kyu-Seok,Shin, Hyun-Sang 한국방사성폐기물학회 2010 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.8 No.2
In this study, the adsorption reactions in the binary component system such as kaolinite-humic acid, kaolinite-americium and humic acid-americium were investigated. After performing the basic physico-chemical properties of the kaolinite, the adsorption reactions of the humic acid on the kaolinite were carried out with varying concentration of humic acid and ion strength, and pH. With increasing HA concentration and pH, the sorption of HA onto KA decreased, while the sorption of HA onto KA increased with increasing ionic stre ngth. Also, with varying pH, the adsorption reactions of the americium-kaolinite and americium-humic acid were studied. In the acid and neutral region, Am easily adsorbed on the HA, while the sorption of Am on the HA in the alkali region decreased because of electrostatic repulsion. The results from these studies make it possible to understand the characteristics of adsorption behaviour of the americium by the humic acid in the water environment.
증류법을 이용한 모의 방사성폐기물 중 <sup>129</sup>I 의 정량
최계천,송병철,한선호,박용준,송규석,Choi, Ke-Chon,Song, Byung-Cheol,Han, Sun-Ho,Park, Yong-Joon,Song, Kyu-Seok 한국방사성폐기물학회 2011 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.9 No.3
방사성폐기물이 처분장에 인도 될 때 주요 방사성 핵종의 방사능 농도를 규명 하도록 방사성폐기물 인도 규정에 명시되어 있다. 저준위 방사성폐기물 시료의 경우 측정된 방사능 농도가 최소검출 방사능 농도(MDA: Minimum dectable activity) 이하의 값을 나타낼 경우가 많으며, MDA는 시료의 양, 바탕 값, 계측시간 및 계측효율 등에 따라서 달라지므로 MDA를 낮추기 위하여 가능한 많은 양의 시료를 취할 필요가 있다. 모의 잡고체 시료에 첨가된 요오드의 회수율을 결정하기 위한 방법으로서 모의 시료 중 비 방사성 요오드를 비휘발성 산으로 침출시킨 후 침출액을 직접 증발시키는 방법과 음이온 교환수지를 이용하I-를 흡착하여 분리하는 칼럼용리방법으로 측정하여 회수율을 비교한 결과, 증류법과 칼럼용리방법의 회수율은 각각 $86.5{\pm}0.9%$, $87.3{\pm}2.7%$로 나타났다. 증류법에 의한 모의 방사성 시료 중 $^{129}I$ 요오드의 회수율 및 MDA는 $84.6{\pm}1.6%$, $1.2{\times}10^{-4}Bq/g$로 각각 나타났으며, 분리공정을 단순화하고 많은 양의 시료를 취함으로써, 칼럼용리 방법의 단점을 보완하고 10배 이상 MDA를 낮출 수 있는 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. It is clarified in the radioactive waste transfer regulation that the concentration of radioactive waste for the major radio nuclide has to be examined when radioactive waste is guided to the radioactive waste stores. In case of the low level radioactive waste sample, the analytical results of radioactive waste concentration frequently show a value lower than minimum detectable activity (MDA). Since the MDA value basically depends on the amount of a sample, background value, measurement time, counting efficiency, and etc, it would be necessary to increase a sample amount with a intention of minimizing MDA. In order to measure a concentration of $^{129}I$ in low and medium level radioactive waste, $^{129}I$ was collected by using a distillation technique after leaching the simulated radioactive waste sample with a non-volatile acid. The recovery of $^{129}I$ measured was compared with that measured with column elution technique which is a conventional method using an anion-exchange resin. The recovery of inactive iodide by using the distillation method and column elution were found as $86.5{\pm}0.9%$ and $87.3{\pm}2.7%$, respectively. The recovery and MDA value calculated for distillation technique when 100 g of extracted solution of $^{129}I$ was taken, were found to be $84.6{\pm}1.6%$ and $1.2{\times}10^{-4}Bq/g$, respectively. Consequently, the proposed technique with simplified process lowered the MDA value more than 10 times compared to the column elution technique that has a disadvantage of limited sampling amount.
LiCl-KCl 고온 용융염 내 UCl<sub>3</sub> 및 GdCl<sub>3</sub>의 전기화학적 거동 연구
민슬기,배상은,박용준,송규석,Min, Seul-Ki,Bae, Sang-Eun,Park, Yong-Joon,Song, Kyu-Seok 한국전기화학회 2009 한국전기화학회지 Vol.12 No.3
Electrochemical behaviors of $U^{3+}$ and $Gd^{3+}$ were investigated in LiCl-KCl eutectic molten salt by using various electrochemical techniques. The electrodeposition and dissolution currents for uranium show the maximum at -1.51V and -1.35V, respectively while, for gadolinium,at -2.15V and -1.9V, respectively. In case of LiCl-KCl molten salt containing both of $U^{3+}$ and $Gd^{3+}$, the peak potential of electrodeposition of gadolinium shifts to more positive potential than in the solution without $U^{3+}$. The potentials in chronopotentiometric data suddenly dropped to negative value as soon as the reduction currents were applied and became constant at the potential around which the $U^{3+}$ and $Gd^{3+}$ are electrodeposited. The results of normal pulse voltammetry (NPV) and square wave voltammetry show that those methods can be used to qualitatively analyze the elements in the melts. Especially, the differentiation of NPV result was found to be useful for the separation of the peaks of which potentials are close each other. 본 연구는 고온화학공정에 사용할 전기화학적 센서 기술 개발의 사전 연구로서 고온 LiCl-KCl 공융염에 $UCl_3$나 $GdCl_3$를 녹여 $U^{3+}$와 $Gd^{3+}$의 전기화학 반응을 조사하였다. $U^{3+}$는 고온 LiCl-KCl 용융염내에서 -0.2V/-0.35 V에서 $U^{4+}$로의 산화/환원반응의, -1.51 V/-1.35 V에서 전착/해리 반응전류의 피크를 나타내었다. $Gd^{3+}$의 경우 -2.15 V에서 전착반응 피크를, -1.9 V에서 산화해리전류 피크를 나타내었다. $U^{3+}$와 $Gd^{3+}$의 혼합 고온 용융염에서는 $Gd^{3+}$의 전착 피크가 양의 전위로 이동하였다. 일정전류법의 결과는 시간이 지남에 따라 전위값이 일정해졌으며 그 전위값은 전해질 내 반응물의 환원전위값과 일치하였다. 노멀펄스전위법과 직각파전위법은 두 원소의 정성분석을 위한 좋은 전기화학적 방법론임을 보였으며 특히 노멀펄스전위곡선을 미분한 결과는 사용된 다른 방법에 비해 반응전류의 피크분리가 잘 일어났다.
테트라에톡시실란 및 염산 농도에 따른 메조다공성 실리카 마이크로스피어의 모폴로지 변동에 관한 연구
지선경,김종윤,윤석본,최용석,정성희,송규석,이범재,Ji, Sun-Kyung,Kim, Jong-Yun,Yoon, Suk-Bon,Choi, Yong-Suk,Jung, Sung-Hee,Song, Kyu-Seok,Lee, Bum-Jae 한국방사성폐기물학회 2011 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.9 No.1
에멀션 기반의 계면활성제를 이용한 주형합성법을 이용하여 산촉매로서 염산과 실리카의 전구체인 테트라에톡시실란을 사용함으로써 메조다공성 실리카 마이크로스피어를 합성하였다. 테트라에톡시실란의 농도 증가에 의해 구형의 입자 형태가 파괴되었고, 기공구조도 크게 변하였다. 산촉매 농도 증가에 의한 구형의 입자형태 파괴 현상은 적었지만 상대적으로 작은 크기의 구형의 마이크로입자가 더 많이 생성되었다. 하지만, 산성조건에서 입자들 간의 강한 응집현상이 나타남에 따라 낱개의 분리되어 있는 단일입자를 얻기 위해서는 초음파 등의 후처리 과정이 필요하였다. Tetraethoxysilane(TEOS) as a silica precursor and hydrochloric acid as an acid catalyst have been used in a surfactant-template synthesis of micrometer-sized mesoporous silica microspheres based on the macroemulsion technique. Increase in the concentration of tetraethoxysilane of the reaction mixture has a serious destructive effect on the particle shape and pore structure. As the acid concentration increases, relatively small microspheres are formed without destroying their spherical morphology of the particles as well as the pore structures. However, due to the attractive interaction between particles in an acidic condition, strong silica agglomerates are formed, and therefore are subject to a post-ultrasonic treatment to separate into an individual single particle.
전철주기초 설계 자동화를 위한 최적화 알고리즘의 적용성 검토
이기열(Lee Gi-Yeol),박용대(Park Yong-Dae),정원용(Chung Won-yong),송규석(Song Kyu-Seok),임선택(Lim Sun-Taek),김종남(Kim Jong-Nam),이수형(Lee Su-Hyung) 한국철도학회 2009 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.5월
This paper examined an applicability of optimum algorithm to develope an electric railway pole foundation automated design system. Based on the optimization theory that considered subgrade and bearing capacity characteristics, decided an optimum section of electric railway pole foundation. In this research, Optimum algorithm used the feasible direction method in structural analysis and design efficiently. Design variables are considered geometric properties and anchor bolt area of the electric railway pole foundation as optimum construction cost. Constraints are considered settlement, overturning and activity of foundation. And, also composed flexural and shearing strength. According to optimum analysis result, optimization theory is available more economical design comparing with railway pole foundation that is constructed by current standard drawing, and applicability verified in automated design system development.
기존 프로그램 분석을 통한 전력선 지지구조물 기초의 설계 자동화 알고리즘 개발
이기열(Lee Gi-Yeol),박용대(Park Yong-Dae),정원용(Chung Won-yong),송규석(Song Kyu-Seok),김종남(Kim Jong-Nam),이수형(Lee Su-Hyung) 한국철도학회 2009 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.11월
This paper analyzed the existing program used to domestic and foreign electric power facilities design and developed the automated design programming algorithm for railroad electric power facilities. The program used to analysis of this study targeted three total such as electricity railroads which included a rapid transit railroad. Analysis variable selected general input and output interface and input data and output information and design calculation algorithm. According to results that analyzed the existing program, the input stage will composed that designer can input directly an aspect form of user definition that can be implementation of the GUI suitable for Windows and the acting load which wind load data were included in as necessary data for a railway pole foundation. Output stage shall be composed that can be displayed to geometrical numerical value.