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정철수,백병진,Masa-aki Kakimoto 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.1
Four kinds of phthalocyanines with 4-fluorophenoxy group (H2Pc, CuPc, Li2Pc, and FePc) are synthesizedby the microwave-assisted method under 15 min. The synthesized phthalocyanines have good solubilityin aprotic polar solvents and do not form any new aggregation state with a concentration increase. Thephthalocyanine coordinated with Li+ ion has a more stable and stronger absorption property in aproticpolar solvents than the phthalocyanine with Cu2+ or Fe2+ ion. The phthalocyanine coordinated with Fe2+ion is more subject to H-aggregation than other phthalocyanines, especially in polar solvents.
급성 신우신염을 가진 여성 환자에서 균혈증을 예측하기 위한 초기 혈장 프로칼시토닌, 젖산 및 C-반응성 단백질의 진단 성능 비교
김병진,조시온,이재백,진영호,정태오,윤재철,박보영 대한응급의학회 2019 대한응급의학회지 Vol.30 No.1
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the diagnostic performance of initial procalcitonin, lactate, and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) for predicting bacteremia in female patients with acute pyelonephritis (APN). Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of female APN patients who visited the emergency department (ED) at the studied hospital between January 2015 and December 2016. The main outcome was bacteremia, which was reported via the first blood culture at ED. The patient demographics, co-morbidities, physiologies, and laboratory variables including initial procalcitonin, lactate, and hsCRP levels, were collected and analyzed to identify associations with the presence of bacteremia. The area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) and sensitivity (SE)/specificity (SP) were calculated for each variable. Results: During the study period, 282 patients were enrolled. A total of 105 (37.2%) patients had bacteremia. Escherichia coli was the most frequent pathogen. The AUROC was 0.70 (0.63-0.76), 0.70 (0.63-0.76), and 0.56 (0.49- 0.63) for the procalcitonin, lactate, and hsCRP, respectively. At a cut-off value of 0.163 ng/mL, the procalcitonin level predicted bacteremia, with a SE /SP of 95.2%/22.6%, respectively. At a cut-off value of 0.7 mmol/L, the lactate level predicted bacteremia with a SE/SP of 96.2%/20.9%, respectively. The combination of a procalcitonin level >0.447 ng/mL or a lactate level >0.7 mmo/L was chosen, as they showed 100% SE and a 100% negative predictive value. Conclusion: The initial serum procalcitonin and lactate levels showed similar and fair discriminative performance for predicting bacteremia in female APN patients, while the hsCRP level showed poor performance. The combination of procalcitonin and lactate (procalcitonin level≤0.447 ng/mL and lactate≤0.7 mmol/L) can be used to identify patients at low risk of bacteremia.