Graphene, Cu와 Ag 나노 파우더를 이용한 열전도재의 방열 특성에 관한 연

박상혁,임성훈,김현지,노정필,허선철 한국산업융합학회 2019 한국산업융합학회 논문집 Vol.22 No.6

The thermal diffusion performance of the electronic device is a factor for evaluating the stability of the electronic device. Therefore, many of research have been conducted to improve the thermal characteristics of thermal interface materials, which are materials for thermal diffusion of electronic products. In this study, nano thermal grease was prepared by blending graphene, silver and copper nano powders into a thermal grease, a type of thermal interface materials, and the heat transfer rate was measured and compared for the purpose of investigating the improved thermal properties. As a result, the thermal properties were good in the order of graphene, silver and copper, which is thought to be due to the different thermal properties of the nano powder itself

전주 한옥마을 외국인 관광 활성화를 위한 식물성 기반 떡갈비 “베지 떡갈비” 개발

박상혁,김정수,김지윤,정새울,김인선,남인주,문광덕 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10

전주시는 한옥마을의 글로벌 관광도시 수립 계획 중에 있으나 외국 채식인 관광객에게 식품 선택권이 매우 좁으며 국내 대체육은 채식인에 대한 이해가 부족하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 외국 채식인 관광객의 니즈 충족 및 식물성 대체육의 문제점을 보완한 3感(영양, 식미, 육색)의 100% 식물성 떡갈비를 HMR 형태로 개발하였다. 주원료로는 콩 단백으로 23g/100 g의 단백질을 함유하며 병아리콩 및 퀴노아 가루를 더하여 비건에게 부족할 수 있는 영양소를 보충하였다. 또한 천연 조미료를 사용해 ‘짠맛의 상승효과’를 적용한 저염의 떡갈비를 제조하였다. 기존 대체육의 단점인 식감을 향상시키기 위해 조직대두단백을 사용하여 육 블록의 식감을 구현하였고, 호화 전분 등의 증점제를 첨가하여 식감을 보충하였다. 천연 조미료를 첨가한 코코넛 오일을 고형 블록으로 제작하여 육즙(지방)을 구현했으며, 천연 색소의 조합을 이용해 실제 육의 육색을 구현하였다. 제품 포장은 개별급속동결법을 이용해 품질변화를 최소화시키고 저장성 및 편리성을 확보하기 위해 열 안정성이 높은 PP 소재를 활용하여 전자레인지용 용기를 제조하였다. 따라서 베지 떡갈비는 전통 한식에 부합함과 동시에 한식 메뉴의 한계를 극복하여 전주 한옥마을의 외국인 관광객 유치에 있어 다양한 선택권을 제공할 수 있고, 이를 통해 차별화된 HMR 시장을 확보할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

상대 측면 방위각을 이용한 목표물 주위 선회 유도

박상혁 한국항공우주학회 2015 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.4

본 연구에서는 상대 측면 방위각을 이용한 목표물 주위 선회 유도 법칙을 제안한다. 본 유도 법칙은 전영역 안정성을 가지고 있기 때문에 초기조건에 상관없이 적용될 수 있다. 따라서 일반적으로 흔히 필요한 별도의 경로 명령 생성 없이 무인항공기를 목표물 주위로 유도하여 선회할 수 있도록 한다. 또한 선형해석을 통해 유도 법칙의 특성을 이해할 수 있고, 관련 제어 이득을 결정할 수 있다. 제시된 유도 법칙은 GPS 기반 항법시스템과 영상 기반 항법시스템에 각각 적용되어 비행 실험을 통해 그 성능을 입증하였다. This work presents a guidance law that allows a UAV to orbit around target using relative side-bearing angle. The proposed guidance law has global asymptotic stability. This allows skipping the path planning step which is commonly required in conventional UAV operation. Linear analysis is also presented to allow a proper selection of the relevant control gain. Two flight experiments, one with GPS-based navigation and the other with vision-based navigation system, were conducted to demonstrate the feasibility and performance of the proposed method.

Red Blood Cell Transfusion in Patients With Autoantibodies: Is It Effective and Safe Without Increasing Hemolysis Risk?

박상혁,최원호,권석운 대한진단검사의학회 2015 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.35 No.4

Background: The therapeutic efficacy of red blood cell (RBC) transfusions in patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is highly debated because of speculations on the increased risk of transfusion reactions; yet it is a suggested adjuvant therapy in anemic patients with life-threatening hypoxemia. In this study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of RBC transfusions in AIHA patients. Methods: Daily changes in hemoglobin, total bilirubin, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were assessed in 161 AIHA patients without bleeding history who were transfused once with 1-5 units of the least-incompatible RBCs and monitored over a seven-day period. Post-transfusion patients positive for alloantibodies only or those without RBC-specific antibodies were considered as control groups (N=100 for both groups). Results: The three groups revealed similar increases in hemoglobin of 1.40-1.70 g/dL (autoantibodies), 1.20-1.60 g/dL (alloantibodies only), and 1.40-1.55 g/dL (no antibodies) for seven days following transfusion of 10 mL RBCs/kg. During follow-up, no significant changes in total bilirubin or LDH levels were detected in the AIHA group compared with controls. Influences due to autoantibody type, direct antiglobulin test (DAT) specificity and strength, and steroid therapy status on transfusion reactions were not evident in AIHA patients. In addition, changes in hemoglobin levels were significantly higher (P<0.001) in severe anemia (<5 g/dL) than in other patients. Conclusions: Transfusion of the least-incompatible RBCs in AIHA patients is effective and safe without any associated increase in hemolysis risk when compared with post-transfusion patients positive for alloantibodies or those lacking RBC-specific antibodies.

The New Sysmex XN-2000 Automated Blood Cell Analyzer More Accurately Measures the Absolute Number and the Proportion of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells Than XE-2100 When Compared to Flow Cytometric Enumeration of CD34+ Cells

박상혁,박찬정,김미정,한민영,한상희,조영욱,장성수 대한진단검사의학회 2015 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.35 No.1

메티실린 내성 황색포도알균이 토착화된 중환자실에서 비강보균자 검출을 위한 BD GeneOhm MRSA PCR Assay의 수행능 평가

박상혁,장윤하,성흥섭,김미나*,김재석,박연준 대한진단검사의학회 2009 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.29 No.5

Background : The BD GeneOhm MRSA PCR assay (Becton Dickinson, USA) is a qualitative realtime PCR test for rapid detection of nasal colonization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). We evaluated the performance of BD GeneOhm MRSA PCR assay versus MRSASelect (Bio-Rad, France) and broth enrichment cultures for detection of MRSA from nasal swabs. Methods : From August 2008 to January 2009, 295 nasal swabs were taken from patients in intensive care units and transported to the laboratory with BD CultureSwab Liquid Stuart Single Swab (Becton Dickinson, USA). The swabs were inoculated onto MRSASelect first and then suspended into GeneOhm sample buffer: 100 μL of the suspension was inoculated into 6.5% NaCl-tryptic soy broth (Becton Dickinson, USA), which was subcultured on MRSASelect after overnight incubation (TSBS). Performances of GeneOhm MRSA and MRSASelect were compared to TSBS. Results : With GeneOhm MRSA, 125 swabs (44.6%) were positive for MRSA, 13 (4.4%) were unresolved, and 2 were not determined. With MRSASelect and TSBS 86 (29.4%) and 106 swabs (36.2%), respectively, were positive. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value of GeneOhm MRSA were 85.8%, 77.5%, and 72.8% and 93.5%, respectively, and corresponding values for MRSASelect were 78.3%, 94.8%, and 96.5% and 88.9%. Of the 33 patients whose 34 specimens were found false positive in GeneOhm MRSA, 23 patients were MRSA-positive either previously or subsequently to this study. All of the 10 patients with false-negative specimens in GeneOhm MRSA PCR assay were previously MRSA or methicilln-resistant coagulase negative staphylococci (MRCNS)-positive and were treated for MRSA, but they became MRSA-positive after 1 to 4 negative surveillance cultures. Conclusions : GeneOhm MRSA PCR assay showed a relatively high negative predictive value. However, its low specificity and frequent occurrence of unresolved results would be problematic in the endemic areas with a high prevalence of MRSA. 배경 : BD GeneOhmTM MRSA PCR assay (Becton Dickinson, USA)은 메티실린 내성 황색포도알균 비강보균자의 신 속한 검출을 위한 정성적 실시간 PCR 검사이다. 저자들은 전비 공 도말 검체에서의 MRSA 선별에 GeneOhm MRSA의 수행능 을 MRSASelect (Bio-Rad, France) 선별배지와 액체증균배지 에 비교하여 평가하였다. 방법 : 2008년 8월에서 2009년 1월 사이에 중환자실에서 의 뢰한 295개의 전비공 도말 검체를 대상으로 하였고, 이들은 BD CultureSwab Liquid Stuart Single Swab (Becton Dickinson, USA)으로 채취, 수송되었다. 전비공 도말 검체는 먼저 MRSASelect에 접종 후 GeneOhm 검체완충튜브에 풀었고 현탁액 100 μL을 6.5% NaCl을 첨가한 tryptic soy broth (Becton Dickinson, USA)에 접종하고 하룻밤 배양 후 MRSASelect 선 별배지에 계대배양하였다(TSBS). GeneOhm MRSA와 MRSASelect의 수행능을 TSBS에 비교하여 평가하였다. 결과 : GeneOhm MRSA는 125검체(44.6%)가 양성이었고 13검체(4.4%)가‘판독불가’, 2검체가‘작동오류’였다. MRSASelect와 TSBS는 각각 86검체(29.4%), 106검체(36.2%)가 양 성이었다. GeneOhm MRSA와 MRSASelect의 민감도/특이/ 양성예측도/음성예측도는 각각 85.8%/77.5%/72.8%/93.5%, 78.3%/98.4%/96.5%/88.9%이었다. 34개의 GeneOhm MRSA 위양성 검체는 33명의 환자에서 얻어졌고, 23명은 직전 또는 직 후 감시배양에서 MRSA 양성이었다. 10개의 GeneOhm MRSA 위음성 검체는 모두 이전에 MRSA 또는 메티실린 내성 coagulase negative staphylococci 양성이었으며 항 MRSA 항균 제 치료를 받았고 1-4회의 감시배양이 음성이다가 양성으로 전 환된 경우였다. 결론 : GeneOhm MRSA는 상대적으로 높은 음성예측도를 보이나 특이도가 낮고‘판독불가’결과가 존재하여 MRSA 유병 률이 높은 토착화된 장소에서 감시배양을 대치하는데 문제가 될 수 있다.

완주군 문화도시 정책발전에 관한 연구

박상혁 국제문화기술진흥원 2022 The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technolo Vol.8 No.5

This study is a study that provides basic data and direction related to the cultural city policy of Wanju-gun. The goal of this study is to provide policy implications by analyzing domestic and overseas cases that have succeeded in cultural city policy based on case documents. This study consists of the instruction of Chapter 1, the review of cultural city policies in Chapter 2, the analysis of domestic cases in Chapter 3, the analysis of overseas cases in Chapter 4, and the conclusion of Chapter 5. Chapter 2, the Cultural City Policy Review, deals with the concept and types of cultural cities, and policy-related development projects. Chapter 3, Domestic Case Analysis, analyzed the Seoul City Urban Renewal Project, Seoul Cheonggyecheon Stream Restoration Project, and Changwon Public Art Project. Chapter 4, Overseas Case Analysis, analyzed the Kanazawa Civic Art Village in Japan, Bant 1929 in Yokohama, Japan, and Zollverein in Germany. Through these cases, we'd like to provide the successful policy direction and basic data of the cultural city of Wanju-gun.

A Case of Residual Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells Coexisting With Newly Developed Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells in Ascitic Fluid after Chemotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

박상혁,최현숙,김영진,조영욱,장승수,박찬정,김상위 대한진단검사의학회 2014 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.34 No.2

Dear editor, Synchronous primary lung cancer occurs in only 0.5% of pa- tients with lung cancer, and coexistence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) has been reported in a very small fraction of lung cancer cases [1, 2]. In NSCLC, malignant cells are generally arranged in three-dimen- sional clusters and have eccentrically placed round to oval nu- clei with prominent nucleoli. The cytoplasm may contain single to many vacuoles with diffuse and strong positivity on periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) cytochemical staining. Most NSCLC cells show positive cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for cytokeratin (CK) 7 but negative immunoreactivity for CK20. In SCLC, the small tumor cells have an extremely high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio and show nuclear molding with positive immunocytochemical stain- ing for CD56. The nuclear contours are often “squeezed” in ap- pearance in order to accommodate the contours of the adjacent nuclei (a back-to-back appearance) [3]. To the best of our knowledge, coexistence of residual NSCLC cells and newly de- veloped SCLC cells in ascitic fluid after chemotherapy for previ-ously diagnosed NSCLC has not been reported. Here, we report a case of residual NSCLC cells coexisting with newly developed SCLC cells in the ascitic fluid of a patient who had received che- motherapy for previously diagnosed NSCLC.

Rare Frameshift Mutation Cys475Tyrfs*11 in the BCR/ABL Kinase Domain Contributes to Imatinib Mesylate Resistance in 2 Korean Patients with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia

박상혁,지현숙,권미량,조영욱,장성수,박찬정 대한진단검사의학회 2012 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.32 No.6

Mutations in the BCR/ABL kinase domain contribute to resistance to imatinib, which has driven the choice of second-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as dasatinib or nilotinib, in CML patients. Thus far, more than 90 different mutations have been reported in previous reports [1, 2]. The majority of known mutations are missense mutations. In contrast, insertion or deletion mutations are very rare, and only 3 such mutations have been reported [3, 4]. Here, we describe the insertions of 35 nucleotides resulting from frameshift mutation (p.Cys475Tyrfs*11) in the BCR/ABL kinase domain, which contributed to imatinib resistance, in 2 Korean patients with CML. Case 1 was a 20-yr-old woman who was diagnosed with CML in the chronic phase 2 yr before. She had a major BCR/ABL rearrangement (b3a2) at diagnosis with a BCR/ABL fusion transcript/ GAPDH ratio of 0.024 in peripheral blood (PB). She was treated with imatinib. The response was successful during the follow-up period, and the ratio was maintained between 0.0002 and 0.0003 in PB. After 15 months of imatinib treatment, her BCR/ABL quantification ratio increased to 0.05 in PB, which suggested molecular relapse. The therapeutic regimen was changed to dasatinib immediately, and her follow-up BCR/ABL quantification results 3 weeks after the change of treatment regimen showed marked reduction (from 0.05 to 0.00014) in PB. She was in a complete hematologic response state at a followup bone marrow examination that was performed 4 months after the treatment change from imatinib to dasatinib. Case 2 was a 38-yr-old man who was treated with imatinib for 5 yr but who suffered from relapse with a lymphoblastic crisis of CML 4 yr before. After the relapse, he immediately underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT), and his BCR/ ABL quantification results in PB changed from 0.25 at relapse to negative after the BMT. Five months after the BMT, his followup BCR/ABL quantification results in PB increased to 0.52, which suggested molecular relapse, but the treatment regimen was not changed. Finally, he expired due to sepsis 1 month after molecular relapse. To confirm the diagnosis of imatinib resistance, BCR/ABL kinase domain mutation analyses that were based on reverse transcriptase PCR-direct sequencing were performed retrospectively using stored RNA at the time of molecular relapse for both patients. cDNA was synthesized from stored RNA by reverse transcriptase PCR methods. Three sets of forward and reverse primers were used for amplification of the BCR/ABL kinase domain, and the sequences of each primer were as follows: ABL-A(forward: 5’-CAT CAT TCA ACG GTG GCC GAC GG-3’, reverse:5’-GTT GCA CTC CCT CAG GTA GTC-3’), ABL-B (forward: 5’-GAA GAA ATA CAG CCT GAC GGT G-3’, reverse: 5’-CGT CGG ACT TGA TGG AGA A-3’), and ABL-C (forward: 5’-TGA CAG GGG ACA CCT ACA CA-3’, reverse: 5’-ATC TCA GGC ACG TCA GTG GT-3’). The amplification protocol consisted of an initial denaturation at 95°C for 5 min, which was followed by 32 cycles of denaturation at 95°C for 30 sec, annealing at 60°C for 30 sec, and extension at 68°C for 3 min, and a final extension at 72°C for 7 min. After confirmation of the single bands that were sized 393, 482, and 487 bp by electrophoresis for ABL-A, -B, and -C, respectively, direct sequencing was performed using the BigDye Terminator Cycle Sequencing Ready Reaction kit on the ABI 3130 genetic analyzer (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. The Sequencher program (GeneCodes Corp., Ann Arbor, MI, USA) was used for alignment with the reference sequence (Genbank accession no. X16416.1). The identified mutation was described according to the Human Gene Variation Society guidelines (http://www.hgvs.org/). The direct sequencing results for both patients showed the same heterozygous frameshift mutation, which was an insertion of 35 nucleotides between the 1,423rd and 1,424th nucleotide(c.1423_1424ins35...

리튬이차전지 양극활물질의 암모니아 침출액에서 공침법에 의한 활물질 전구체의 합성에 대한 암모니아 농도의 영향

박상혁,구희숙,이경준,송준호,김수경,손정수,권경중,Park, Sanghyuk,Ku, Heesuk,Lee, Kyoung-Joon,Song, Jun Ho,Kim, Sookyung,Sohn, Jeongsoo,Kwon, Kyungjung 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2015 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.24 No.6

In a recycling scheme of spent lithium ion batteries, a co-precipitation process for the re-synthesis of precursor is essential after the leaching of lithium ion battery scraps. In this study, the effect of ammonia as impurity during the co-precipitation process was investigated in order to re-synthesize a precursor of Ni-rich cathode active material $LiNi_{0.6}Co_{0.2}Mn_{0.2}O_2$ (NCM 622). As ammonia concentration increases from 1 M (the optimum condition for synthesis of the precursors based on 2 M of metal salt solution) to 4 M, the composition of obtained precursors deviates from the designed composition, most notably for Ni. The Ni co-precipitation efficiency gradually decreases from 100% to 87% when the concentration of ammonia solution increases from 1 M to 4 M. Meanwhile, the morphological properties of the obtained precursors such as sphericity, homogeneity and size distribution of particles were also investigated. 폐리튬이차전지 양극재 재활용기술에 있어 침출과정을 통해 회수된 유가금속을 다시 원하는 조성의 전구체로 재합성하는 공침공정은 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 고용량 특성의 Ni-rich 조성인 $LiNi_{0.6}Co_{0.2}Mn_{0.2}O_2$ (NCM 622) 양극재의 전구체 재합성 시 암모니아가 불순물로서 미치는 영향을 확인하는 공침실험을 수행하였다. SEM 및 EDS 분석결과 양극재 전구체 최적 합성조건(금속염 용액 농도 2 M 기준 암모니아수 농도 1 M)에서 암모니아 농도가 증가할수록 원하는 조성의 전구체가 제조되지 않음을 확인하였다. Ni의 설계함량인 60 mol%를 기준하여 암모니아수 농도 1 M ~ 4 M 조건에서 각각 100%, 98%, 95%, 87%에 해당하는 공침효율을 보여주었다. 또한 제조된 전구체 입자들의 구형화도, 균일도 및 크기분포특성 등의 형상학적 특징을 확인하였다.