農業革命의 論理 : 18 世紀 英國農業을 中心으로 concerning Englands Agriculture in the 18th century

柳鍾完 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1984 農大論文集 Vol.15 No.-

Agrarian revolution means the modernization of agricultural production mode which is based on the former capitalistic age.s production mode. We can find the first typical case of agrarian revolution in history in England's agriculture of the 18th century. In England, both industrial and agrarian revolution proceeds nearly at the same time. Agrarian revolution concretely comprises such radical changes as the system of land ownership and its utilization, agricultural technique, and the mode of farm management. As a result of these radical change, high powered technique could be utilized and large amount of capital could be invested in agriculture. Capitalistic large scale-farm was developed rapidly The basic condition of agrarian revolution is the reform of land ownerships, and its utilization system. It means the transition from feudalistic land possession to modern gross land ownership. At the same time as the reform of land system proceeds, the modernized plough, seed scatter, and weeder were invented is accompanined. The commercial crops and meadow grass were improved. With these inventions and improvements, traditional fallow land was abolished, and the new method of land utilization, so called Norfolk four-courses rotation, appears on the agricultural stage. Owing to this new technique and new type of farm management the productivity of agriculture takes great strides. In the main subject of this treatise, the transition of cropping system, that is, three field system grass and cropping system rotation system was analyzed logically from the technical point of view. In the last paragraph, the character of Asian agriculture in contrast with the western European agriculture was pointed out. In the western Europe, upland farming is main farming; on the contrary in Asia paddy field farming is main farming. These differences between the western European and the Asian farming type are due to the differences of natural conditions. In the medieval times, the European farmer needs about 12-15 hectare of upland to support his family life; in Asian farmer needs about one hectare of upland or paddy field to support his family life. The difference in the minimum size of these farm areas to support each family life between Europe and Asia is due to the difference of the ability of supporting population per acre. Beside these differences between European and Asian farming as mentioned above, there are also other differences such as the kind of products. Notwithstanding these superficial differences in the system of agricultural technique between Europe and Asia, the aim of the technical improvement of agriculture is the same. The directive aim of the technical improvement in the European and Asian agriculture was how to maintain or promote the fertility of soil, and how to weed the grass of field. Finally speaking, the aim of every technical improvement in the production mode of all industry is to reduce the amount of labour per unit of products, in other words it is to promote the productivity of labour. But especially in agriculture, the improvement of technique must be not only for the sake the Promotion of labour productivity but also for the sake the promotion of land productivity. Even if it was not for the latter, that is, although the effect of technical improvement is not to promote the land productivity, at least it must be to maintain the present level of it. Although, there is no difference between European and Asian agriculture in the aim of technical improvement, there is a difference between European and agriculture in the step of technical progress. It is an important point. To speak briefly, the European agriculture unlike the Asian Agriculture had already succeeded in the perfect motorization. What is the cause of have these different effects? Could it be any technical condition? It is not. At present, we have many technical capability. Then, what is the real cause of this Asiatic lag? It is the social condition. For example, the proprietorship of land is the main restriction to the acceptance of progressive technique. Both the problem and task of Asian agricultural modernization lie in the reforming the relation of land ownership and the system of land utilization.

韓國 米穀價格의 相對的 低位性 硏究

柳鍾完,최종민 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1984 農大論文集 Vol.15 No.-

One of the absolute shortage causes of rice production in Korea is the imbalance of income and expenditure. It is cleared up that the cause of imbalance of income and expenditure is the low position of rice price. In conclusion, it is required to the support policy of the justifiable price of rice for increasing production of rice, and self-susteance of food. At this the justifiable price of rice in Korea must be determined by the cost price of the lowest grade land. Only it is determined within the limits of the production price of large scale farm.

農民 所得增大 政策에 있어서 基本的인 問題点과 解決方案 : 離農問題를 中心으로

柳鍾完 전북대학교 1971 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

地代論의 問題點과 硏究成果

류종완 全北大學校 1984 論文集 Vol.26 No.-

In this treatise, Physcocrats' viewis on farm rent, and the common views on so-called the law of dimininishing returns are theoretically and critically examined in relation to the theory of differential rent. In France, in the latter half of the 18th century, Physiocrats viewed that the farm rent which is paid to the sovereign by farmers as tax is only net products, and that these net products are derive from the specific productivity of agriculture, or absolute productivity of agriculture. Accordingly they thought that agriculture is only productive industry, and the other industies, for example, manufacture and commerce are nonproductive industry. In this light, they insist that the tax as financial revenue should be imposed upon only farmers(capitalistic farmer). This is so called the theory of single land tax. Nowadays in the light of rent theory, we can say that Physiocrat's view-point on farm rent is false. What is the fault of it? That is the problem which this treatise tries to examine theoretically and critically. So-called the law of diminishing returns was proposed originally as the law of agricultural production, or as the law of farm land. From the first, the law incited many scientists' controversies. But history proves that there is no evidence that the law of diminishing returns operate. And yet, nowadays, by not a few of man, this law is recognized as a common and general law which is adaptable everyindustry. Inspite of historical proof that law is false, the idea of the law still exists. The confusion is due to the imperfection of the analitic theory concerning the law of diminishing returns. Recently there appears critical, and sharp analitic theory against it. This treatise tries to introduce that theory as easily and complementally as posible.

農機械 共同利用組織 現況과 發展方向에 관한 硏究

柳鍾完,金智永 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1984 農大論文集 Vol.15 No.-

In order to promote mechanization of farming, we have investigated the present situation of the organization for joint utilization and we have made an analysis of the progress direction in Korea. Consequently we have got these following conclusions. A joint utilization is never more profitable than private utilization in the adminstration of farm machineries or peasant services. A joint utilization of farm machineries was composed of the government and leadership of a public body in an early stage, according as elevation of acceptable ability for farmhouse it is going to convert into the autogenous organization of the farmers. The leading of the government, an organization for joint utilization of farm machineries seems to play an ignitible role of a farming mechanization and has the two goals of a model enterprise and joint utilization, but it is going to gradually decrease its necessity. Therefore an organization of joint utilization must convert into the autogenous organization of the farmers. In connection with it we have only the two ways for the joint utilization policy of the government. 1. It is necessary to project the government's policy for the purchase of farm machineries. 2. The government's monocular regulations can be mitigated.

耕具의 發達을 中心으로 本 農業의 發展過程

柳鍾完 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1981 農大論文集 Vol.12 No.-

1. The time of human appearance on the earth is presumed as about 1.5 milion, 1 million,or 600 thousand years ago. Accoroing to the F. list's division, the economic progress steps of human history are as follows, 1 Wilder Zustand, 2 Hirtenstand, 3 Agrikulturstand, 4 Agljkultur-manufaturstand, 5 Agrikulturmanufakturhandelsstand. F list's division is based on the characteristics of superficial production forms. The time of beginning of agriculture, namely Agrikultu-rstand, is presumed as about B. C. 5 thousand years ago. It has come under the neolithic ago. In the above division, the problem is in the sequence of 2 Hirtenstand and 3 Agrikulturstand. Many scientists are against the sequence of 2 Hirtenstand, 3 Agrikulturstand. and they deny the 2 Hirtenstand as a historical stage. On the contrary, they insist that Agrikulturstand he prior to the animal raisins and animal raisins as a branch of agriculture be derived from the cultivation. 2. E. Hahn's diagrammatical divisions of the progress course of agriculture are as follows,: 그림:원문참조 Gathering folks mean the folks of hunting, fishing and cropping. Hack farming means the cultivative farming with hack. E. Hahn's conception of hack is comprehensive. So it comprises lance, spade, old hoe, and new hoe. plough farming means the cultivative farming with plough. Horticultulal farming means the extension of gardening to the cropfarming. E. Hahn explains that the plough was developed from hoe. Contrary to the above divisions, Worth insists that the plough be not developed from the floe, but it be developed from lance. And he also strictly distinguished the lance from spade and hoe. The distinction of old and new hoe is also marked by Worth. 3. Plough was originally developed from the so-called lance plough. Lance Plough means the lance that was used for cultivation by drawing it. It developed from human Power lance plough to animal power lance plough. Both ploughs were used only for marking the ridge in field was appeared in the iron Age. 4. The degree of technical development is measured by the degree of productivity. The pro--dutivity is mainly determined by the means of labour. Therefore the degree of technical development is measured by the degree of development of laboural means. The degree of technical development in agriculture also can be measured by the cultivation tool which is the main meansof labour in agriculture. Therefore the grade of tecHnical development in agriculture can bodivided by the standard degree of cultivation tool.

경구의 발달을 중심으로 본 농업의 발전과정

류종완(Jong Wan Ryu) 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1981 농업생명과학연구 Vol.12 No.-

포르피린 화합물을 이용한 콜레스테롤에스테르 가수분해효소 억제반응

이봉호,이창열,류종완,유병수,Lee, Bong Ho,Lee, Chang Yeol,Yu, Jong Wan,Yu, Byung Soo 대한화학회 1998 대한화학회지 Vol.42 No.3

혈중 고 콜레스테롤은 여러 가지 성인병의 원인이 되며 이에 대한 대책이 시급한 실정이다. 세계적으로 혈중 콜레스테롤 농도를 낮추기 위한 여러 가지 방법이 시도되고 있으나 획기적인 약재는 개발되지 않고 있다. 따라서 본 연구진은 콜레스테롤 생합성과 관계없는 콜로세테롤에스터라제(CEase) 억제제를 이용한 약재 개발을 목표로 합성 포피린 화합물을 이용한 CEase 억제 활성을 검색하였다. 몇 가지 합성 페닐기치환포피린 화합물은 억제활성을 나타내었으며 이들의 억제상수는 ${\mu}M$ 범위에 있었으며, 페닐고리의 치환기는 억제 활성에 큰 변화를 나타내지는 않는 것으로 나타났다. The high cholesterol level in the blood stream is the main cause for cardiovascular diseases. Despite considerable worldwide effort to reduce the blood cholesterol level, we still need a remarkable drug. For this reason, the inhibition of cholesterolesterase by synthetic porphyrin complexes was investigated. Some of the phenyl substituted porphyrins inhibited the enzyme and the inhibition constant was in the range of ${\mu}M$. The substituents on the phenyl group of tetraphenylporphyrin did not affect much on the inhibition constant.

Microporous Metal Organic Framework-Based Copolymers with Efficient Gas Adsorption Capability and High Temporal Stability

정종영,고성호,박수림,신훈희,오현창,류종완,이승철,권오필,최은영 한국고분자학회 2017 Macromolecular Research Vol.25 No.11

We report new microporous metal-organic 3D coordinated copolymers that exhibit both highly efficient gas adsorption capability and high temporal stability. The Zn-coordinated copolymers (MBCn) were prepared by mixing two organic ligands at various molar ratios: the widely used benzenedicarboxylate (BDC) and its analogous Cn-acid with non-polar alkoxy side chains of various lengths. All MBCn copolymers bearing alkoxy side chains exhibited identical framework structures to that of MOF-5 prepared with only the BDC ligand. Interestingly, compared to MOF- 5, MBCn copolymers exhibited up to three times higher gas adsorption properties and higher temporal structural stability. Therefore, copolymerization with organic ligands bearing alkoxy side chains is a promising strategy for the development of new microporous metal-organic hybrid materials.

희토 및 질소시용이 배추의 성장과 질산태질소 함량에 미치는 영향

허삼남 ( Heo Sam Nam ),이성운 ( Lee Seong Un ),박홍석 ( Park Hong Seog ),김상욱 ( Kim Sang Ug ),박천수 ( Park Cheon Su ),류종완 ( Lyu Jong Wan ) 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2003 농업생명과학연구 Vol.34 No.-