Correlation between skeletal and dental changes after mandibular setback surgery-first orthodontic treatment

Chang-Hoon Rhee,Youn-Kyung Choi,Yong-Il Kim,Seong-Sik Kim,Soo-Byung Park,Woo-Sung Son 대한치과교정학회 2015 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.45 No.2

Objective: To investigate skeletal and dental changes after application of a mandibular setback surgery-first orthodontic treatment approach in cases of skeletal Class III malocclusion. Methods: A retrospective study of 34 patients (23 men, 11 women; mean age, 26.2 ± 6.6 years) with skeletal Class III deformities, who underwent surgery-first orthodontic treatment, was conducted. Skeletal landmarks in the maxilla and mandible at three time points, pre-treatment (T0), immediate-postoperative (T1), and post-treatment (T2), were analyzed using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-generated half-cephalograms. Results: The significant T0 to T1 mandibular changes occurred ?9.24 ± 3.97 mm horizontally. From T1 to T2, the mandible tended to move forward 1.22 ± 2.02 mm, while the condylar position (Cd to Po-perpendicular plane) shifted backward, and the coronoid process (Cp to FH plane) moved vertically. Between T1 and T2, the vertical dimension changed significantly (p < 0.05). Changes in the vertical dimension were significantly correlated to T1 to T2 changes in the Cd to Po-perpendicular plane (r = ?0.671, p = 0.034), and in the Cp to FH plane (r = 0.733, p = 0.016), as well as to T0 to T1 changes in the Cp to Poperpendicular plane (r = 0.758, p = 0.011). Conclusions: Greater alterations in the vertical dimension caused larger post-treatment (T2) stage skeletal changes. Studying the mandibular position in relation to the post-surgical vertical dimension emphasized the integral importance of vertical dimension control and proximal segment management to the success of surgery-first orthodontic treatment.

노인의 운동실천 제약요인 및 운동행동변화단계별 차이

성창훈 ( Chang Hoon Seong ),유루경 ( Lu Kyung Yoo ),장채욱 ( Chae Ouk Jang ) 한국스포츠심리학회 2008 한국스포츠심리학회지 Vol.19 No.2

이 연구는 노인의 운동실천 제약요인을 탐색하고 범이론적 모형(TTM)에 기초하여 운동행동변화단계에 따른 제약요인의 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 운동을 실천하고 있거나 실천하지 않는 60제 이 상 103명의 노인을 대상으로 개방형 설문을 실시하였으며, 이 결과를 토대로 개발된 운동실천 제약요인 척도를 활용하여 309명의 자료를 수집하고 제약요인의 구조 및 운동행동변화단계에 따른 차이를 검증하였다. 연구결과, 노인들의 운동실천을 제약하는 6개요인(부상우려, 운동지식 부족, 건강상실과 질병, 운동동기 부족, 시간기회 부족, 경제여건)이 발견되었으며, 운동행동변화단계에 따른 제약요인의 차이를 분석한 결과에서는 성과 연령 및 운동행동변화단계에 따른 상호작용효과 및 주 효과가 동시에 나타나 복잡한 양상을 보여주었다. 성과 연령을 함께 고려할 때, 운동행동변화단계를 가장 잘 판별하는 제약요인은 건강상실과 질병요인이었다. 이러한 결과는 노인의 운동실천 제약요인의 타당성과 중재전략 개발 의 방향성 및 후속연구의 과제와 관련하여 논의하였다. This study, based on hierarchial model of leisure constraints and trans-theoretical model(TTM), aimed to investigate the conceptual structure of exercise constraints in the aged and the difference according to the stages of change of exercise. The data were collected via a open-ended questionnaire(103 age of over 60) and self-administrated residents questionnaire survey(309 aged people) in incheon city in Korea. content analysis, descriptive and inferential analyses including factor analysis, three-way MANOVA through the stepdown F-test were used to analyze the data. The results of the study showed that the constraint dimension of exercise in the aged were 6 multi-dimensional factors, which were lack of knowledge and information to exercise, bed health and illness, motivation loss, lack of time and chance, low economic condition. Furthermore, as the results of analysis on the differences according to the stages of change of exercise, 6 constraints of exercise offered a significant contribution towards the prediction of the stages of change. The bed health and illness dimension was the best predictor for distinguishing among the stages of change considered the gender x age x stages of change effects. These results were discussed relate to cross validity of constraints and strategy of intervention for regular exercise participation.

흰쥐에서 알코홀의 전투여가 halothane 마취시 간에 미치는 영향

이상동,공명훈,장성호 고려대학교 의과대학 1991 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.28 No.3

Fifty nine male Sprague-Dawley rats were used to investigate the hepatic effects of halothane anesthesia in alcohol-treated rats. Sampling was done before intravenous injection of ethyl alcohol(400mg/kg) or saline(5m1/kg) through tail vein. And 24 hours laterall rats were exposed to halothane-N_(2)/O_(2) (1%-2ℓ/2ℓ) for two hours. Intracardiac puncture for blood sampling was done after intraperitioneal injection of pentobarbital (50mg/kg) and hepatectomy was done to get the tissue sample for microscopic examination 24hours or 96 hours after halothane anesthesia. Biochemical studies including liver and renal function variables (protein, albumin, total bilirubln, direct bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferse, alkaline phosphatase, BUN, creatinine) were done and the hepatic tissue was examined with light microscopy. The results are summarized as follows: 1) Twenty four hours after halothane anesthesia. protein albumin. total bilirubin. and alkaline phosphatase were significantly changed in both saline- and alcohol-treated rats. Serum transaminases level were not significantly changed in alcohol-treated group compared with saline-treated group (i.e. aspartate aminotransferase. alanine aminotransferase). Other parameters indicative of hepatic and renal function such as cholesterol. BUN and creatinine were not significantly changed. 2) There is no significant difference of histologic evidence of hepatic damage between alcohol- and saline-treated rats 24 hours after halothane anesthesia. 3) Ninety six hours after halothane anesthesia. protein. albumin and total bilirubin were significantly changed in both saline- and alcohol-treated rats. Serum transaminases and alkaline phosphatase level were not significantly changed in alcohol-treated group compared with saline-treated group (i.e., aspartate aminotransferase. alanine aminotransferase). Other parameters indicative of hepatic and renal function such as cholesterol. BUN, and creatinine were not significantly changed. 4) There is no significant difference of histologic evidence of hepatic damage between alcohol-and saline-treated rats 96 hours after halothand anesthesia.

Calculation of GHGs Emission from LULUCF-Cropland Sector in South Korea

Seong-Jin Park,Chang-Hoon Lee,Myung-Sook Kim,Sun-Gang Yun,Yoo-Hak Kim,Byong-Gu Ko 한국토양비료학회 2016 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.49 No.6

The land use, land-use change, and forestry (LULUCF) is one of the greenhouse gas inventory sectors that cover emission and removals of greenhouse gases resulting from land use such as agricultural activities and land use change. Particularly, LULUCF-Cropland sector consists of carbon stock changes in soil, N₂O emissions from disturbance associated with land use conversion to cropland, and CO₂ emission from agricultural lime application. In this paper, we conducted the study to calculate the greenhouse gases emission of LULUCFCropland sector in South Korea from 1990 to 2014. The emission by carbon stock changes, conversion to cropland and lime application in 2014 was 4424, 32, and 125 Gg CO₂-eq, respectively. Total emission from the LULUCF- Cropland sector in 2014 was 4,582 Gg CO₂-eq, increased by 508% since 1990 and decreased by 0.7% compared to the previous year. Total emission from this sector showed that the largest sink was the soil carbon and its increase trend in total emission in recent years was largely due to loss of cropland area.

성장생물학 : 체지방 감소 다클론 후보 항체가 비거세돈의 체중, 분 소화율 및 혈액 대사물질에 미치는 영향

최창본 ( Chang bon Choi ),오영균 ( Young Kyoon Oh ),백경훈 ( Kyung Hoon Baek ),홍성구 ( Seong Koo Hong ),최창원 ( Chang Weon Choi ),조성백 ( Sung Back Cho ) 한국동물자원과학회 ( 구 한국축산학회 ) 2010 한국축산학회지 Vol.52 No.5

본 연구는 비거세돈 12두를 이용하여 돼지 복강 및 피하지방 감소 후보 항체를 생체 주사 처리 시 체중, 분 소화율 및 혈액 대사물질 등 영양생리대사에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 실시하였다. Choi 등(2010)에서 개발된 돼지 복강 및 피하지방 감소 후보 항체를 피하 주사하였을 때 주사 후 4주까지 평균 체중은 수치적 증가가 발생했으나(P>0.05), 전 기간에 걸쳐 수치적 증가를 보여 항체의 처리로 인한 영향보다는 돼지의 일반적인 성장에 기인하는 것으로 판단된다. 항제 주사 처리 시 건물, 조단백질, 조지방 및 조섬유의 분 소화율은 항체 주사 전, 후 및 시험구 간의 통계적 유의성이 나타나지 않았다(P>0.05). 조회분 소화율의 경우 항체 주사 후 2주째 control에서 감소를 및 4주째 NAb에서 증가를 보였으나(P< 0.05), AAb 및 SAb에서는 유의적 변화가 없었다. 혈액 대사물질의 변화에서는 항체 주사 후 4주의 AAb 및 SAb에서 BUN 농도가 유의적으로 증가하는 것으로 나타났다(P<0.05). 하지만, 후보 항체 주사 전에서도 유사한 패턴으로 유의적 증가를 보여 항체 처리에 의한 차이보다는 개체간의 차이로 사료된다. 혈액 내 glucose 및 TG 농도는 후보 항체 처리에 의한 유의적 차이는 나타나지 않았다(P>0.05). 체지방 함량과 밀접한 관계에 있는 혈액 내 TC 농도에서는 control 대비 후보 항체 주사 후 4주차 AAb 및 SAb에서 유의적 감소가 나타나(P<0.05), 체지방 감소가 일어나고 있음을 간접적으로 추론할 수 있다. 이상의 결과를 볼 때, 본 연구에서 이용된 AAb 및 SAb는 in vivo 영양생리대사에 부정적 영향을 미치지 않는 안전한 항체로 판단된다. Twelve pigs were used to investigate the effects of polyclonal antibody candidate against abdominal (AAb) and subcutaneous adipocyte membrane proteins (SAb) on body weight, fecaldigestibility and blood metabolites. When AAb and SAb developed by Choi et al. (2010) were injected to pigs, the numerical increase in BW (body weight) occurred at 4 weeks post-treatment, but BW for an entire period was also increased, indicating that the BW increase may not be affected by the antibodies injection. Antibodies treatment did not affect (P>0.05) fecal digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, crude fat and crude fiber. Fecal digestibility of crude ash for control (no treatment) at 2 weeks decreased, and that for non-immunized serum treatmentgroup at 4 weeks post-treatment increased, respectively (P<0.05). However, fecal digestibility of crude ash for AAb and SAb groups did not significantly change. At 4 weeks after the antibodies treatment, blood urea N concentration for AAb and SAb groups was significantly increased (P<0.05). However, these increases may not be caused by the antibodies treatment because similar pattern in blood urea N concentration occurred before the antibodies treatment. Antibodies treatment did not affect concentration of plasma glucose and triglycerides (P<0.05). Compared with control, concentration of plasma total cholesterol for AAb and SAb groups at 4 weeks post-treatment was significantly (P<0.05) decreased. This may suggest that body fat reduction possibly occurs. In conclusion, the AAb and the SAb developed by Choi et al. (2010) may have safety in nutritional physiological metabolism in pigs. Further study on in vivo fat reduction of the antibodies against abdominal and subcutaneous adipocytes of pigs should be required for fat-reduced pork production.

Calculation of GHGs Emission from LULUCF-Cropland Sector in South Korea

Park, Seong-Jin,Lee, Chang-Hoon,Kim, Myung-Sook,Yun, Sun-Gang,Kim, Yoo-Hak,Ko, Byong-Gu 한국토양비료학회 2016 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.49 No.6

he land use, land-use change, and forestry (LULUCF) is one of the greenhouse gas inventory sectors that cover emission and removals of greenhouse gases resulting from land use such as agricultural activities and land use change. Particularly, LULUCF-Cropland sector consists of carbon stock changes in soil, $N_2O$ emissions from disturbance associated with land use conversion to cropland, and $CO_2$ emission from agricultural lime application. In this paper, we conducted the study to calculate the greenhouse gases emission of LULUCF-Cropland sector in South Korea from 1990 to 2014. The emission by carbon stock changes, conversion to cropland and lime application in 2014 was 4424, 32, and 125 Gg $CO_2$-eq, respectively. Total emission from the LULUCF-Cropland sector in 2014 was 4,582 Gg $CO_2$-eq, increased by 508% since 1990 and decreased by 0.7% compared to the previous year. Total emission from this sector showed that the largest sink was the soil carbon and its increase trend in total emission in recent years was largely due to loss of cropland area.

격투스포츠 선수의 스포츠맨십 분석

박태훈(Park Tae-Hoon),유기성(Yoo Ki-Seong),유원용(Ryu Won-Yong),김영욱(Kim Young-Wook),이양구(Lee Yang-Gu),공창빈(Kong Chang-Bin),이상호(Lee Sang-Ho),김태영(Kim Tae-Young) 한국체육과학회 2010 한국체육과학회지 Vol.19 No.3

This research examines whether difference that is some in inclination of combat sports player's sportsmanship is, and accordingly is purposeful to clear relation. combat sports (fencing, Taekwondo, boxing, induction, wrestling, wrestling) player who research target is having player life in middle·high·an university 399 people be . Used Korean-made measure (KMSOS) that Seong-changhun (2003) verifies changing based on Vallerand MSOS by a tool to measure sportsmanship of players. Data processing used SPSS 12.0 programs. Did reliability analysis that use Cronbach'a coefficient to verify believability of an irradiation tool, Difference of sportsmanship used t-test, one-way ANOVA. In this research, drew following conclusion. First, man appeared higher level than woman in wave and human desire, decision respect, and woman appeared higher level than man in victory or defeat excessive fondness. Second, exercise immersion, decision respect, victory or defeat excessive fondness appeared level that minority is taller than majority. Third, in exercise immersion high school player decision respect appear, and tendency of level that middle school playing the first stone is high in victory or defeat excessive fondness appeared. Fourth, striking radical type of player appeared higher level than Geuraepeulring type of player in companion respect factor. Fifth, player less than exercise career 4 years appeared higher level than player less than 7 years and player more than 7 years for victory or defeat excessive fondness factor. Sixth, Taekwondo for best and companion respect factor, high level appeared to boxing item players.

Effects of aerosol on evaporation, freezing and precipitation in a multiple cloud system

Lee, Seoung Soo,Kim, Byung-Gon,Yum, Seong Soo,Seo, Kyong-Hwan,Jung, Chang-Hoon,Um, Jun Shik,Li, Zhanqing,Hong, JinKyu,Chang, Ki-Ho,Jeong, Jin-Yim Springer-Verlag 2017 Climate dynamics Vol.48 No.3

<P>Aerosol effects on clouds and precipitation account for a large portion of uncertainties in the prediction of the future course of global hydrologic circulations and climate. As a process of a better understanding of interactions between aerosol, clouds and precipitation, simulations are performed for a mixed-phase convective multiple-cloud system over the tropics. Studies on single-cloud systems have shown that aerosol-induced increases in freezing, associated increases in parcel buoyancy and thus the intensity of clouds (or updrafts) are a main mechanism which controls aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions in convective clouds. However, in the multiple-cloud system that plays much more important roles in global hydrologic circulations and thus climate than single-cloud systems, aerosol effects on condensation play the most important role in aerosol-induced changes in the intensity of clouds and the effects on freezing play a negligible role in those changes. Aerosol-induced enhancement in evaporation intensifies gust fronts and increases the number of subsequently developing clouds, which leads to the substantial increases in condensation and associated intensity of convection. Although aerosol-induced enhancement in freezing takes part in the increases in condensation by inducing stronger convergence around cloud bottom, the increases in condensation are similar to one order of magnitude larger than those in freezing. It is found that while aerosol-induced increases in freezing create intermittent extremely heavy precipitation, aerosol-induced increases in evaporation enhance light and medium precipitation in the multiple-cloud system here. This increase in light and medium precipitation makes it possible that cumulative precipitation increases with increasing aerosol concentration, although the increase is small. It is interesting that the altitude of the maximum of the time- and domain-averaged hydrometeor mass densities is quite robust to increases in aerosol concentration. This is because locations of gust fronts and homogeneous freezing do not vary significantly with changing aerosol concentration and this outweighs aerosol effects on hydrometeor size.</P>

지체장애인의 신체적 자기개념 측정도구 개발 및 타당화

김용국 ( Yong Kuk Kim ),성창훈 ( Chang Hoon Seong ) 한국특수체육학회 2007 한국특수체육학회지 Vol.15 No.3

본 연구는 지체장애인이 내면화하고 있는 신체적 자기개념의 구성 요인을 확인하고 이를 측정할 수 있는 척도를 개발하여 요인 구조의 타당성을 검증하였다. 이를 위하여 개방형 설문을 통해 지체장애인의 신체적 자기개념 구성요인을 탐색한 김용국과 성창훈(2006)의 연구결과를 기초로 70문항의 예비문항을 작성하였으며, 지체장애인 303명을 대상으로 예비척도에 대한 반응 자료를 수집하였다. 척도의 타당화 과정에서는 문항분석, 탐색적·확인적 요인분석, 문항내적 일관성 검사 및 검사-재검사 등 내적 구조를 검토하였으며, 아울러 남성과 여성지체장애인의 신체적 자기개념 차이, 지체장애운동선수와 비선수간의 신체적 자기개념 차이, 신체활동수준에 따른 신체적 자기개념의 차이 분석을 통하여 외적 관계도 검증하였다. 분석 결과, 지체장애인의 신체적 자기개념을 구성하는 6개 요인(운동유능감, 외모, 건강, 동작능력, 신체감각능력, 체력)을 확증하였으며, 이를 측정하는 18문항 척도의 안정적인 타당성을 입증하였다. 이 결과는 지체장애인이 갖는 신체적 자기개념의 보편성과 차별성 및 지체장애인의 심리 측정적 타당화 논리와 관련하여 논의하였다. The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a measure to assess physical self-concept of the individuals with physical disability. Eight potential dimensions of physical-concept were identified through Yong-Kuk Kim & Chang-Hoon Seong(2006)`s procedures study. They included sport competence, physique, appearance, health, motion ability, physical activeness, physical sense ability, physical fitness realm. Seventy items representing eight dimensions were developed. Item review procedures result in 54-items preliminary version. Data were obtain from a sample of 303 individuals with physical disability. Item analyses, Exploratory analyses, Confirmatory analyses, Internal consistency and test-retest reliability revealed six major dimension of physical self-concept of the individuals with physical disability, including sport competence, appearance, health, motion ability, physical sense ability, physical fitness realm. The final version including 18 items representing the six dimensions. Athletes with physical disability scored higher on most of the dimensions compared to non-athletes with physical disability. The physical disabled who were more active during leisure time scored higher on most of the dimensions compared to those who were less active. And, Disabled Man scored higher on most of the dimensions compared to disabled Women. These results provided evidence of validity of the measure of physical self-concept of the individuals with physical disability.

청소년 운동참가자들의 스포츠맨십 측정도구 개발

성창훈 한국스포츠심리학회 2003 한국스포츠심리학회지 Vol.14 No.2

본 연구는 청소년 운동 참가자들이 내면화하고 있는 스포츠맨십 행동에 대한 개념을 조사하고 이를 토대로 다차원적인 스포츠맨십 성향 척도를 개발하였다. 17개 종목의 중·고등학교 운동선수 588명과 특기적성 운동 프로그램에 참여하고 있는 일반 학생 364명이 조사에 참여하였으며, 이들의 반응은 SPSS와 AMOS 통계프로그램의 신뢰도와 탐색적, 확인적 요인분석 등을 사용하여 타당도를 검증하였다. 분석 결과, 스포츠맨십은 운동몰입, 최선, 상대존중, 동료 및 선후배 배려, 팀 정신, 심판판정 존중, 결과 인정, 승리집착적 부정행동의 8개 요인으로 구조화되어 있었으며, 나아가 다양한 대안적 측정모형을 설정하고 일련의 확인적 요인분석을 실시한 결과 8개요인 29문항 척도가 적합성 판정 지수들에서 가장 적절하게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 스포츠맨십의 개념적 수준에서 비교문화적 보편성과 특수성 측면과 관련해 검토하고 논의하였다. The purpose of this study was to development and validation of the Korean version of the multidimensional Sportspersonship Orientations Scale(MSOS: R.J. Vallerand, P. Deshaies, N.M. Briere, L.G. Pelletier, 1996) designed to measure multidimensional Sportspersonship Orientations dimensions. Data were obtained from a sample of 588 athletes and 364 recreational sport participants in middle and high school. Statistical procedures included descriptive statistics, factor analysis, internal consistency. By a exploratory factor analysis, eight factors were extracted to measure sportspersonship orientation: sport commitment, maximum effort, respect the opponent, considerate to teammate, team spirite, admit own mistakes and loss, obey the official, negative approach. Twenty-nine items satisfying both conceptual and statistical conditions were selected as the final items for Korean version of multidimensional Sportspersonship Orientations Scale(MSOS). Then a confirmatory factor analysis(CFA) was performed by AMOS 4 to confirm the factor structure of the KMSOS. The result of CFA idicated the measurement model consisted of the eight factors was well fitted to the data. This results were discussed in cross-cultural perspectives.