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Altered epidermal lipid layers induced by long‐term exposure to suberythemal‐dose ultraviolet
Bak, Hana,Hong, Seung‐,phil,Jeong, Se‐,Kyoo,Choi, Eung‐,Ho,Lee, Sang E.,Lee, Seung‐,Hun,Ahn, Sung‐,Ku Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 International journal of dermatology Vol.50 No.7
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Background </B> Although several studies have reported on the biological effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, there have been only a few reports on the changes in epidermal lipids following long‐term UV irradiation at suberythemal dose (SED), to which people are usually exposed during their lifetime.</P><P><B>Objectives </B> To investigate the changes of epidermal lipid properties after long‐term UV radiation with SED.</P><P><B>Materials and methods </B> Hairless mice were irradiated three times weekly for 15 weeks at an SED of UV (UVB: 20 mJ/cm<SUP>2</SUP>; UVA: 14 J/cm<SUP>2</SUP>). Every three weeks, transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured by a Tewameter. The morphological alterations of stratum corneum (SC) lipid lamellae were examined by electron microscopy (EM). Activities of three key enzymes for mRNA of serine palmitoyl transferase, fatty acid synthase, and HMG CoA reductase were analyzed with real time reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction. We also measured the amount of ceramide, cholesterol sulfate, and free fatty acid in the SC by high‐performance thin‐layer chromatography with exposed times.</P><P><B>Results </B> The SED UV‐irradiated group showed increased TEWL after 12 weeks. Following the irradiation period, EM revealed incomplete and separated lamellae at SC intercellular space. mRNA of three key enzymes was increased until six weeks of UV irradiation and decreased thereafter. However, three major lipid amounts gradually decreased throughout the exposed period, with a notable decrease in ceramide.</P><P><B>Conclusions </B> Long‐term UV irradiation even with SED influences skin barrier function and structure with prominent ceramide decrease in SC intercellular lipid.</P>
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오타모반의 임상 및 병리조직학적 검색 -대한피부과학회 피부병리 연구분과위원회 공동연구-
천승현 ( Seung Hyun Chun ),이상훈 ( Sanghoon Lee ),박하나 ( Hana Park ),전수영 ( Su Young Jhun ),손인범 ( In-Bum Sohn ),김학용 ( Hak Yong Kim ),최응호 ( Eung Ho Choi ),황상민 ( Sang Min Hwang ),이승헌 ( Seung Hun Lee ),김중기 ( Jo 대한피부과학회 2004 대한피부과학회지 Vol.42 No.3
Background: Ota`s nevus, characterized by the presence of melanocytes in the dermis, has been familiar among dermatologists, but the etiology, the pathophysiology, the clinical and histological classification are not entirely clear. To understand and elucidate them, more clinical studies and researches are necessary. Object: The aim of this study was to document the clinical and histopathological features of Ota`s nevus. Methods: We examined 299 patients with Ota`s nevus who visited the dermatology clinic in Korea from February 1993 to August 2003. Among them, 188 patients were biopsied. All the specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. We examined the age & sex distribution, age of onset, seasonal variation, associated skin diseases, aggravating factors and color. We clinically classified Ota`s nevus into 4 types according to Tanino`s classification and histologically into 5 types based on the pattern of pigmentation. Results: 1. The ratio of male and female was 1:3. 2. The peak age of onset was at birth (28.4%) and puberty (24.8%). 3. Seasonal variation was observed with distinct aggravation in the summer (60%). 4. The associated diseases were 9 cases of persistent mongolian spot, 6 cases of nevus flameus, 4 cases of blue nevus, 3 cases of vitiligo, 3 cases of mevus of Ito, 2 cases of atopic dermatitis, 2 cases of psoriasis, 2 cases of cafe au late macules and 2 cases of contact dermatitis. 5. The aggravating factors were sunlight (35.8%), emotional stress (21.0%), menstruation (12.6%), cold exposure (9.5%), pregnancy (9.5%), fatigue (9.5%) and chemical agents (2.1%). 6. The color of lesions were blue black (36.8%), brown (34.8%), dark brown (16.1%) and slate (11.0%). 7. All cases were classified according to Tanino`s methods: type Ia (23.1%), type Ⅰb (20.1%), type Ⅱ (26.7%), type Ⅲ (9.4%), type Ⅳ (20.7%). 8. The histological subtypes of Ota`s nevus were classified as: the superficial type (35.6%); the middermis type (5.9%), the superficial-middermis type (18.6%); the mid-lower dermis type (2.7%); the diffuse type was composed of the superficial dominant type (19.7%), the middermis dominant type (4.8%), the dispersed (true diffuse) type (12.2%) and the deep dominant type (0.5%). 9. In the relation between histological types and the color of the lesion: the superficial type had 31 cases of brown color, 15 cases of blue black color, 11 cases of dark brown color and 9 cases of slate color; the middermis type had 6 cases of blue black color and 2 cases of dark brown color, query number of cases of slate color; the superficial-middermis type had 12 cases of blue black color, 10 cases of dark brown color, 7 cases of brown color and 6 cases of slate color: the mid-lower dermis type had 3 cases of blue black color; for the diffuse type, the superficial dominant type had 13 cases of brown color, query number of cases of blue black color and 7 cases of dark brown color; the mid-dermis dominant type had 4 cases of brown color, query number of cases of dark brown color, the dispersed type had 14 cases of blue black color and 5 cases of brown color, the deep dominant type had 1 case of blue black color. Conclusion: The histological reclassification of Ota`s nevus may be very useful in making a therapeutic prognosis of the disease. (Korean J Dermatol 2004;42(3):272~280)
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Effect of Korean Red Ginseng treatment on the gene expression profile of diabetic rat retina
Hana Yang,Gun Woo Son,Hye Rim Park,Seung Eun Lee,Yong Seek Park 고려인삼학회 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.1
Background: Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) is a herbal medicine used in Asian countries and is very popular for its beneficial biological properties. Diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications are rapidly becoming a global public health concern. The literature on transcriptional changes induced by KRG in rat models of diabetic retinopathy is limited. Considering these facts, we designed this study to determine whether retinopathy-associated genes are altered in retinas of rats with DM and whether the induced changes are reversed by KRG. Methods: Male SpragueeDawley rats were intravenously injected with streptozotocin (50 mg/kg body weight) to induce DM, following which, KRG powder (200 mg/kg body weight) was orally administered to the KRG-treated DM rat group for 10 wks. The rats were then sacrificed, and their retinas were harvested for total RNA extraction. Microarray gene expression profiling was performed on the extracted RNA samples. Results: From among > 31,000 genes investigated, the expression of 268 genes was observed to be upregulated and that of 58 genes was downregulated, with twofold altered expression levels in the DM group compared with those in the control group. Moreover, 39 genes were upregulated more than twofold and 84 genes were downregulated in the KRG-treated group compared to the DM group. The expression of the genes was significantly reversed by KRG treatment; some of these genes were analyzed further to verify the results of the microarray experiments. Conclusion: Taken together, our data suggest that reversed changes in the gene expression may mediate alleviating activities of KRG in rats with diabetic retinopathy.
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Increased expression of nuclear factor kappa-B p65 subunit in adenomyosis
( Hana Park ),( Sung Hoon Kim ),( Yoo Mi Cho ),( Hyo Jin Ihm ),( Young Sang Oh ),( Seung Hwa Hong ),( Hee Dong Chae ),( Chung Hoon Kim ),( Byung Moon Kang ) 대한산부인과학회 2016 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.59 No.2
Objective Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-кB) is a critical proinflammatory regulator that has been suggested to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of endometriosis. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate whether the expression of NF-кB p65 subunit is increased in the eutopic endometrium and/or in the adenomyosis nodule of women with adenomyosis. Methods Thirty-three women with histologically confirmed adenomyosis after laparoscopic or transabdominal hysterectomy were recruited. Women with carcinoma in situ of uterine cervix without evidence of adenomyosis or endometriosis (n=32) served as controls. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archival tissues were sectioned and immunostained utilizing a monoclonal anti-human NF-кB p65 subunit antibody, and the immunoreactivity of NF-кB p65 subunit was compared between women with and without adenomyosis. Results The immunoreactivities of both the nuclear and the cytoplasmic NF-кB p65 subunit were significantly increased in the stromal cells in the eutopic endometrium as well as in the adenomyosis nodule of women with adenomyosis compared with controls, respectively. The nuclear expression of NF-кB p65 subunit was significantly higher in the glandular cells in the eutopic endometrium as well as the adenomyosis nodule of women with adenomyosis compared with controls, respectively. Conclusion The expression of NF-кB p65 is increased in the eutopic endometrium and adenomyosis nodule of women with adenomyosis, which strongly suggest that NF-кB plays a critical role in the pathogenesis and/or pathophysiology of adenomyosis.
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Hana Yang,Seung Eun Lee,Seong Il Jeong,Cheung-Seog Park,Young-Ho Jin,Yong Seek Park 고려인삼학회 2011 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.35 No.3
Korean red ginseng (KRG) is used worldwide as a popular traditional herbal medicine. KRG has shown beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and hypertension. Up-regulation of a cytoprotective protein, heme oxygenase (HO)-1, is considered to augment the cellular defense against various agents that may induce cytotoxic injury. In the present study, we demonstrate that KRG water extract induces HO-1 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and possible involvement of the anti-oxidant transcription factor nuclear factor-eythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). KRG-induced HO-1 expression was examined by western blots, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence staining. Specific silencing of Nrf2 genes with Nrf2-siRNA in HUVECs abolished HO-1 expression. In addition, the HO inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin blunted the preventive effect of KRG on H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced cell death, as demonstrated by terminal transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay. Taken together, these results suggest that KRG may exert a vasculoprotective effect through Nrf2-mediated HO-1 induction in human endothelial cell by inhibition of cell death.
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Crotonaldehyde-exposed macrophages induce heme oxygenase-1 expression as an adaptive mechanism
Seung Eun Lee,Hana Yang,Gun Woo Son,Hye Rim Park,Young-Ho Jin,Cheung-Seog Park,Yong Seek Park 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2015 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.11 No.2
Cigarette smoke represents one of the most significant risk factors for the progression of vascular disease. Exposure to cigarette smoke induces oxidative stress in the vascular system and results in vascular dysfunction. Crotonaldehyde, a highly reactive α,β-unsaturated aldehyde, is a foremost compound of cigarette smoke and a product of endogenous lipid peroxidation. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression plays an essential role in cellular defense against environmental insults and represents an adaptive response. Here, we showed the effects of crotonaldehyde on the induction of HO-1 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Crotonaldehyde treatment resulted in significantly increased phosphorylation of p38 mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Furthermore, treatment with zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP; the specific HO-1 inhibitor) markedly augmented the death of crotonaldehyde-treated macrophages. In summary, these results highlight the role of the HO-1 upregulation through p38 MAPK-Nrf2 activation in the adaptive response to crotonaldehyde in macrophages.
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( Hana Park ),( Jun Yong Park ),( Seung Up Kim ),( Do Young Kim ),( Kwang Hyub Han ),( Chae Yoon Chon ),( Sang Hoon Ahn ) 대한간학회 2012 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2012 No.-
Background/Aims: Telbivudine (LdT) showed greater antiviral suppression than lamivudine (LVD) in phase II and III clinical trials. The present prospective randomized trial assessed the antiviral efficacy and safety of continuation of LVD+adefovir (ADV) versus switch to LdT+ADV in patients with LVDresistant chronic hepatitis B (CHB) who shows suboptimal response to LVD+ADV. Methods: HBeAg-positive CHB patients who received LVD+ ADV therapy for at least 6 months and remained detectable HBV DNA in serum were randomized to the switch to LdT 600mg plus ADV 10mg daily or continuing LVD 100mg plus ADV 10mg daily. 106 patients (LdT+ADV n=53; LVD+ADV n=53) completed the 48-week treatment period. Serum HBV DNA, HBeAg status, liver biochemistry and safety were monitored. Results: The duration of prior LVD+ADV treatment was 18.3 (LdT+ADV) and 14.9 months (LVD+ADV) respectively (p= 0.131). No difference was seen in baseline serum HBV DNA between two groups (3.66 [LdT+ADV] vs. 3.76 [LVD+ADV] log10 IU/ml; p=0.729). Although more patients in the LdT+ ADV-switch group than in the LVD+ADV-maintained group had undetectable HBV DNA levels at week 12 and 24 (15.1% vs. 2.3% at week 12, 22.6% vs. 3.8% at week 24; p=0.037 and p=0.004, respectively), these differences disappeared at week 48 (30.2% vs. 18.9%, p=0.176). At week 48, there was no significant difference of the mean reduction in serum HBV DNA from baseline between LdT+ADV-switch group and LVD+ ADV-maintain group (-0.81 vs. -0.69 log10 IU/ml, p=0.595). Three patients with LdT+ADV treatment and 2 patients with LVD+ADV treatment achieved HBeAg seroconversion (p=0.648). Conclusions: The switch to LdT+ADV in suboptimal responders to LVD+ADV showed the greatest viral suppression at Week 24. However this effect has been gradually decreased thereafter. The stronger rescue combination therapy should be investigated in this population.
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