한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 III : 3차년도 연구결과 보고

최선미,양기상,최승훈,박경모,박종현,심범상,김성우,노석선,이인선,정진홍,이진용,김달래,임형호,김윤범,박성식,송태원,김종우,이승기,최윤정,신순식 한국한의학연구원 1997 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.3 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the third year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows : - analyzing and differentiating of epidemic febrile disease - analyzing and differentiating in accordance with the Sasang constitution medicine based on four-type recognition - differentiation of disease according to pathological changes of Chong and Ren channels - standards for diagnosis of women's disease - standards for diagnosis of children's disease - standards for diagnosis of motor and sensor disturbance (-muscle. born, joint, etc.) - standards for diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disease - standards for diagnosis of five sense organ disease - standards for diagnosis of external disease The indivisual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs, the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern, discrimination of diagnosis pattern, prognosis, a way of curing a disease, prescription, herbs in common use, disease appearing the diagnosis pattern, documents. The standards for diagnosis of each disease was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of disease, the main point of diagnosis, analyzing and differentiating of disease, analysis of disease, discrimination of disease, prognosis, a way of curing and prescription of disease, disease in western medicine appearing the disease in oriental medicine, documents.

석회화 치성 낭종 1례

이상학,염범우,이승훈,한승훈,김응식,김광일 한국의학사 1998 診斷과治療 Vol.18 No.10

대학교수의 생활체육 참여와 직무만족의 관계

이용식,오연풍,이범제 師範大學 體育硏究所 1997 서울大學校 體育硏究所論集 Vol.18 No.1

The purpose of this study was to examine relation of participation in sport for all and job satisfaction of professors. The subjects of the study were 119 professors who worked at "S" university located in seoul. A questionnaire was designed to measure relation of participation in sport for all and job satisfaction. The questionnaire consisted of three main sections: (a) sochi-demographic characteristics, (b) questions concerning participation in sport for all, (c) job satisfaction. The reliability coefficients of the questionnaire was .7549. The data were analysis with covariance analysis and multiple classification analysis. Results obtained from this research are as follows: 1. Participation in sport for all has positive effect on job satisfaction. 2. The degree (frequency, duration, intensity) of participation in sport for all has no effect on job satisfaction.

우리나라 국제체육행정의 현황과 개선방향

이범제,이용식,오연풍 師範大學 體育硏究所 1997 서울大學校 體育硏究所論集 Vol.18 No.2

The purpose of this study was examined status and wrongs of international sports administration of south korea and proposed improvemental directions. Domains of international sports administration were sports cooperation among nations and international corporation, helding and participation in international events, sports interaction between south korea and north korea. 1. In sports cooperation among nations and international corporation history of sports interaction was short and the number of treatment of sports interaction between south korea and other nations were 19. The number of treatment of sports interaction between KOC and other nation olympic committees were 33. Since L.A. olympic records of olympic games of south korea have been over tenth and as for asian game since first game records of south korea have been upper level but status of south korea in international corporation was lower. The number of athletics and men of interaction were a few. 2. In helding and participation in international sports events participating in sports events was appropriate but in helding international sports events need considering validity of politic, economic, etc. 3. In sports interaction between south korea and north korea roles of sports was loosing of tension and helping uniting of south korea and north korea and reinforcing ties of korean dwelling in out of korea.

종자 입자를 이용한 SiO_(2) 단분산 입자 제조에 관한 연구

이민형,이범석,김우식 慶熙大學校 材料科學技術硏究所 1999 材料科學技術硏究論集 Vol.12 No.-

In this study, to control secondary particles of silica, SiO_(2) seed growth experiments have been carried out variable concentrations of tetraethylorthosilicate(TEOS), agitation speed, feeding time, concentration of [NH_(3)], [H_(2)O]. The formation of secondary particles was reduced with increasing feeding time(t_(F)), agitation speed. Increasing TEOS concentration promote formation of the secondary particles. Increasing NH_(3) concentration reduce formation of the secondary particles.

선택적 함구증을 보이는 15세 남아의 Fluoxetine 치료 경험 1례

이영식,남범우,김종범 大韓神經精神醫學會 1996 신경정신의학 Vol.35 No.2

4세 이후 11년간 어머니를 제외하고는 아무와도 말을 하지 않았던, 선택적 함구증으로 진단된, 15세 남환 일례를 체험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하였다. 입원 14주 째 Fluoxetine을 투약하였고 투여 후 6주가 되면서부터 함구증의 현저한 호전을 보이기 시작하였고, 불안감의 감소 및 대인관계의 호전이 동반되었다. 본 증례는 치료방법 및 경과 면에서 사회공포증과 관련된 선택적 함구증으로 판단되며, 향후 더 많은 임상예를 통해 선택적 함구증에 대한 질병분류 및 치료방법의 고찰이 필요할 것으로 보인다. Elective mutism is a rare disease, and still its nosologic disease nature has not been clearly clarified. The authors experienced dramatic improvement in a 15-year-old boy with elective mutism by 6 weeks of fluoxetine treatment. His symtoms started 4 years ago and vivid social phobic symptoms were accompanied in adolescence. From these findings, we noticed the possibility of using fluoxetine generally in elective mutism patient and reviewed the nosologic concept of elective mutism in social phobic aspect.

非晶質 Silicon 薄膜의 製作 및 그 Doping 效果

최범식,김수길,고년규,황정남,정원모,이철주 연세대학교 자연과학연구소 1982 學術論文集 Vol.9 No.-

SiH_4 기체에 PH_3 및 B_2H_6 기체를 0.7% 체적비로 혼합하여 rf glow 방전법으로 n형 및 p형 a-Si:H 박막을 기판온도 120℃에서 제작하여, 광투과도 측정, 열처리에 따른 전기 전도도의 변화 등을 조사하여 이들의 doping 효과를 연구하였다. n형, p형 및 undoped a-Si:H 박막의 optical gap은 각각 1.73eV, 1.86eV 및 1.86eV로 doping이 많이 이루어질수록 줄어 들었다. 250℃에서 열처리한 시료들의 상온에서의 전도도는 각각 2×10^-2Ω^-1㎝^-1, 5×10^-8Ω^-1㎝^-1, 5×10^-7Ω^-1㎝^-1이었고, 활성화 에너지 ??E는 각각 0.16eV, 0.49eV 및 0.48eV이었다. 300℃에서 열처리한 결과, ??E는 줄어 들고 전도도는 증가하였다. 350℃ 및 450℃에서 열처리한 결과 dehydrogenation 효과로 인하여 n형과 p형은 서로 상반되는 결과를 보였다. 즉, n형 시료의 전도도는 감소하고 ??E는 증가하였지만, P형 시료의 전도도는 증가하고 ??E는 감소하였다. 저온 영역에서 구한 n형 시료의 전도도로부터 hopping 활성화 에너지를 구한 결과 0.085eV이었다. Thin n-type and p-type a-Si:H films were prepared by rf glow discharge decomposition of silane mixed with 7×10^-3 parts per volume of phospine or diborane. All specimens were deposited on glass substrates held at 120℃. In order to determine the doping effects the opital absorption and dc conductivity of these specimens were measured after annealing at various temperatures. The optical gap was 1.73eV in the case of the n-type specimens, 1.80eV for the p-type, and 1.86eV undoped. This showed that the gap width decreased as the doping increased. The room temperatuer conductivities of these specimens annealed at 250℃ were 2×10^-2Ω^-1㎝^-1, 5×10^-8Ω^-1㎝^-1, and 5×10^-7Ω^-1㎝^-1, respectively, and the activation energies, ??E, of these specimens were 0.16eV, 0.49eV, and 0.48eV, respectively. For specimens annealed at 300℃, ??E decreased and the conductivity increased. When these specimens were annealed at 350℃ and 450℃, dehydrogenation caused opposite effects on the n-type and p-type specimens; the conductivities of n-type specimens decreased and ??E increased, but the conductivities of p-type specimens increased and ??E decreased.From an investigation of the temperature dependence of the conductivity of the n-type specimen in the low temperature region, we determined that the hopping activation energy was 0.085eV.

정신분열병 환자의 반응시간

최형식,정범석,김한규,송현주,이재원,김창윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.5

연구배경: 주의력은 인지적인 정보처리과정(information processing)의 가장 기본적인 단계이다. 반응시간 (reaction time)은 주의력을 가장 잘 반영하는 검사 중 하나로서, 자극이 제시된 후 반응이 시작되기까지 반응 여부를 결정하는데 걸리는 시간인 판단 시간(decision time)과 반응이 시작되면서 목표에 도달할 때까지 시간인 운동시간(motor time)으로 나누어 볼 수 있다. 기존의 연구결과로는, 정신분열병 환자군에서 반응시간의 수행이 떨어져 있다는 보고는 많이 되어왔으나 차이가 없다는 보고도 있으며, 판단시간과 운동시간 중 어느 부분에 장애가 있는지 명확하지 않다. 또한 반응시간 측정값은 질병의 진단적 유형(diagnostic subtype), 증상, 경과 등의 영향을 받으며 개체간의 변동(inter-individual variation)이 크고, 같은 피험자라도 측정시점이 다를 때마다 차이를 보이는 개체내 변동(intra-individual variation)이 커서 검사결과마다 차이를 보이고 있는 상태이다. 목적: 환자군은 개체간 변동이 크고 다른 임상적 요소에 의해 영향받는 점을 고려하여, 임상적으로 안정적인 경과에 있는 정신분열병 환자만을 대상으로 정상인 군과 반응시간의 차이를 비교하고자 하였다. 또한 반응시간을 판단시간과 운동시간으로 나누어 측정하여 각각을 비교분석 하고자 하였고, 개체내 변동이 큰점을 고려하여 25회 반복 측정을 실시하고 이에 따른 변동의 경향성을 조사하고자 하였다. 방법: DSM-Ⅳ에 의해 '정신분열병'으로 진단된 환자로서, 급성기 이후 항정신병약물을 유지하고 있으며BPRS(brief psychiatric rating scale) 30점 이하의 임상적으로 안정적인 상태가 3개월 이상 유지된10명이 환자군으로 포함되었고, 정상인은 자원자 10명이 포함되었다. 검사도구는 비엔나 테스트 시스템 반응유닛(Reation Unit) 파라미터 S8을 이용하였다. 총 6가지의 자극이 무작위로 1측정시기(session) 당 총 32회 주어지고, 피험자는 이중 특정 자극에 8번만 반응하도록 되어 있다. 시작 전 1회 연습 후 총 25측정시기를 5분 간격으로 반복하였다. 반응 시간을 판단시간과 운동시간의 합으로 정의하고 세 가지 모두 컴퓨터를 이용하여 자동 측정되었다. 반응·판단·운동 시간의 비교에는 반복 측정을 고려한 분산분석(repeated measures analysis of variance)을 사용하였다. 결과: 환자군은 정상인에 비하여 유의하게 반응시간의 수행속도가 저하되어 있었다(p<0.01). 판단시간과 운동시간으로 나누어 볼 때, 환자군에서 판단시간이 유의하게 느렸고(p<0.01), 운동시간은 수행저하의 경향을 보였으나 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 25회 반복측정시 양군 모두 측정시기에 따른 유의한 변화를 보였고(p<0.01), 환자군의 반응시간은 개체간의 차이뿐 아니라 개체내 변동이 큰 경향을 보였다. 옳게 반응한 횟수(correct response)는 환자군에서 저하되는 경향을 보였으나 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 고찰: 정신분열병 환자군에서 판단시간이 유의하게 저하된 것은, 반응시간의 저하가 운동요소 보다는 인지적 요소에 의한 것임을 시사하는 것으로, 정보처리과정의 기본적인 단계인 주의력 장애를 보여주는 것으로 생각된다. 비교적 안정적이고 임상적인 특성이 동일한 환자군에서도 반응시간이 대조군에 비해 큰 개체간 차이와 개체내 변동성의 경향을 보였으며, 이는 단순한 측정오차라기 보다는 정신분열병 환자군의 인지기능의 특성을 반영하는 것으로 생각된다. 중심단어:정신분열병·반응시간·판단시간·운동시간·개체간 변동·개체내 변동. The reaction time(RT) has been known to reflect attention that controls the flow of information processing. Extensive research has demonstrated cognitive impairment in schizophr-enia subjects using RT taske. However, little work has been done examining the relative contribution of DT(decision time) and MT(motor time) to slowed RT in schizophrenics. Also, recent investigators have observed that schizophrenic patients exhibit larger intra-individual variability in RT than do normal comparison subjects. The purpose of this study, using multi-stimulus convergent RT task, was to explore the speed of RT, relative contribution of decision time(DT) and motor time(MT) to slowed RT, overall sequential profile in 25 repeated-time measurements in 10 schizophrenic out-patients and 10 normal control subjects. Overall reaction time and decision time were slower in schizophrenic subjects than in normal controls. The motor time was not shown to be significantly different between the two groups with 0.05 significance level, although there was some trend indicating schizophrenic subjects were slower consistently in repreated measurements over time. These results suggested that the slower reaction time in schizophrenic subjects was mostly determined by cognitive component, decision time rather than motor time. Sequential profile of repeated measurements showed greater intraindividual and interindividual variations in schizphrenics than in normal controls. These results indicate that high variabilities are not merely measurement errors but characteristic of schizophrenic psychopathology. KEY WORDS: Schizophrenia·Reaction time·Decision time·Motor time·Inter-individual variation·Intra-individual variation.

결핵성 경부임파선염에 대한 임상적 고찰

김병국,이범식 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1995 충남의대잡지 Vol.22 No.2

Although the incidence of tuberculosis has decreased recently, tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis is one of the common cause of neck mass in Korea. We performed a retrospective review for 61 cases with tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis, which were confirmed histopathologically in Department of Otolaryngology, ChungnamNational University Hospital between Jan. 1992 and Oct. 1995. The results were as follows : 1) Most cases were in the age group of 20-29 years old and the sex ratio of male to female was 1 : 1.08 2) The physical findings were painless lymphadenopathy in 35 cases (57.3%), hard nodes in 45 cases (73.8%) and mobile node in 45 cases (73.7%). 3) There were multiple lymphadenopathy in 43 cases (70.5%) and was solitary one in 18 cases (29.5%). Among 43 cases with multiple lymphadenopathy, 7 cases (11.5%) were bilateral. 4) The location of lymphadenopathy was posterior neck triangle in 37 cases (60.7%), anterior neck triangle in 13 cases (21.3%) and both triangle in 11 cases (18%). 5) The size of mass was smaller than 3cm in 38 cases (62.2%) and bigger than 3cm in 23 cases (37.8%). 6) The time interval from the onset of symptom to first visit was less than 5 months in 48 cases (78.7%), 6 months to 12 months in 8 cases (13.1%), over than 12 months in 5 cases (8.2%). 7) Associated pulmonary tuberculosis was seen in 19 cases (31.1%). 8) The excision and antituberculous medication were performed in 49 cases (80.3%) Incision and antituberculous medication were performed in 12 cases (19.7%). 9) The duration of antituberculous medication was 6 months in 7 cases (11.5%), 6 months to 12 9) The duration of antituberculous medication was 6 months in 7 cases (11.5%), 6 months to 12 months in 29 cases (47.5%), 18 months in 1 case (1.6%). 10) There was no palpable neck mass in 26 cases (53.1%), decreased mass in 17 cases (34.7%) stationary mass in 5 cases (10.2%), and increased mass in 1 case (2.0%) after or during the treatment.

비부비동의 국균증에 대한 임상적 연구

나기상,최원조,이범식 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1996 충남의대잡지 Vol.23 No.2

Fungal infections of the nose and paranasal sinuses are more common than previously suspected. This may be related to increased recognition of the problem with improvement of diagnostic techniques. And the factors that predispose to fungal infections have also increased. These factors include diabetes, malignant diseases, radiation, immunosuppressive therapy, long-term corticosteroid and antibiotic regimens, etc. But most of the aspergillosis of the paramnasal sinuses are found in patients in general good health. In these cases, it has been suggested that local predisposing factors such as anatomic variations and pathologic changes in ostiomeatal complex lead to a fungus infection. Twenty five cases of aspergillosis of the nose and paranasal sinuses seen during a period of 5.5 years from January 1991 through June 1996 at the Chungnam National University Hospital are reported and a review of the literature on aspergillosis is presented.