전산화단층사진을 이용한 하악골 3차원 영상에서 비대칭진단 계측항목의 재현도에 관한 연구

김고운(Go-Woon Kim),김재형(Jae-Hyung Kim),이기헌(Ki-Heon Lee),황현식(Hyeon-Shik Hwang) 대한치과교정학회 2008 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.39 No.5

본 연구는 하악골 3차원 입체영상에서 비대칭계측항목들의 재현도 비교를 통하여 안면비대칭 진단 시 유용한 계측점 설정에 도움이 되고자 시행되었다. 40명의 두경부 전산화단층사진을 이용하여 생성한 3차원 영상에서 하악골 형태를 결정짓는 부위로 하악과두, 하악우각부, 하악정중부를 선택하고 각 부위의 세부위치에 따라, 그리고 측정 시 보는 각도에 따라 구분하여 하악과두의 경우Cd<SUB>sup_</SUB><SUB>sup</SUB> 등 6개, 하악우각부의 경우Go<SUB>inf_</SUB><SUB>lat</SUB> 등 10개, 하악정중부의 경우 Me<SUB>_</SUB><SUB>ant</SUB>, Me<SUB>_</SUB><SUB>inf</SUB> 등 총 18개의 계측점을 설정한 후 이를 이용하여 하악골 비대칭 시 좌우 차이를 보일 수 있는 25개의 계측항목을 설정 및 계측한 후 조사자간 및 조사자내의 재현도를 비교 평가하였다. 조사자간 재현도의 경우 25개의 계측항목 중 3개를 제외한 모든 계측항목에서, 조사자내 재현도의 경우 2개 항목을 제외한 모든 계측항목에서 높은 재현도를 보였다. 아울러 본 연구에서 설정한 18개의 계측점 중 Go<SUB>mid_</SUB><SUB>lat</SUB>, Go<SUB>mid_</SUB><SUB>obl</SUB>가 포함된 계측항목이 조사자간 및 조사자내 재현도가 떨어지는 경향을 보였다. 이상의 연구 결과 본 연구에서 사용된 18개의 계측점 중 16개의 계측점 (과두를 나타내는 Cd<SUB>sup_</SUB><SUB>sup</SUB>, Cd<SUB>lat_</SUB><SUB>ant</SUB>, Cd<SUB>lat_</SUB><SUB>lat</SUB>, Cd<SUB>post_</SUB><SUB>lat</SUB>, Cd<SUB>post_</SUB><SUB>post</SUB>, S, 하악우각부를 나타내는 Go<SUB>inf_</SUB><SUB>lat</SUB>, Go<SUB>inf_</SUB><SUB>inf</SUB>, Go<SUB>lat_</SUB><SUB>ant</SUB>, Go<SUB>lat_</SUB><SUB>lat</SUB>, Go<SUB>post_</SUB><SUB>lat</SUB>, Go<SUB>post_</SUB><SUB>post</SUB>, Ag<SUB>_</SUB><SUB>lat</SUB>, Ag<SUB>_</SUB><SUB>inf</SUB>, 하악정중부를 나타내는 Me<SUB>_</SUB><SUB>ant</SUB>, Me<SUB>_</SUB><SUB>inf</SUB>)은 높은 재현도를 보이므로 전산화단층사진을 이용한 하악골 3차원 영상에서 안면비대칭 환자의 진단에 유용하게 사용될 수 있음을 시사하였다. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of measurements representing asymmetry of the mandible and to identify which landmarks would be more useful in 3-dimensional (3D) CT imaging.<br> Methods: Facial CT images were obtained from forty normal occlusion individuals. Eighteen landmarks were established from the condyle, gonion, and menton areas, and 25 measurements were constructed to represent asymmetry of the mandible; 8 for ramus length, 12 for mandibular body length, 1 for condylar neck length, 2 for frontal ramal inclination, and 2 for lateral ramal inclination. Inter- and intra-examiner reproducibility of the measurements was evaluated.<br> Results: Inter-examiner reproducibility of the measurements proved to be high except for 3 measurements. Intra-examiner reproducibility also proved to be high except for 2 measurements. Interand intra-examiner reproducibility of the measurements including Gonion proved to be low.<br> Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that the landmarks and measurements constructed in 3D CT images can be used for the diagnosis of facial asymmetry.

전산화단층사진을 이용한 하악골 3차원 영상에서 비대칭진단 계측항목의 재현도에 관한 연구

김고운,김재형,이기헌,황현식 대한치과교정학회 2008 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.38 No.5

본 연구는 하악골 3차원 입체영상에서 비대칭계측항목들의 재현도 비교를 통하여 안면비대칭 진단 시 유용한 계측점 설정에 도움이 되고자 시행되었다. 40명의 두경부 전산화단층사진을 이용하여 생성한 3차원 영상에서 하악골 형태를 결정짓는 부위로 하악과두, 하악우각부, 하악정중부를 선택하고 각 부위의 세부위치에 따라, 그리고 측정 시 보는 각도에 따라 구분하여 하악과두의 경우 Cd_(sup_sup) 등 6개, 하악우각부의 경우 Go_(inf_lat) 등 10개, 하악정중부의 경우 Me_(ant), Me_(inf) 등 총 18개의 계측점을 설정한 후 이를 이용하여 하악골 비대칭 시 좌우 차이를 보일 수 있는 25개의 계측항목을 설정 및 계측한 후 조사자간 및 조사자내의 재현도를 비교 평가하였다. 조사자간 재현도의 경우 25개의 계측항목 중 3개를 제외한 모든 계측항목에서, 조사자내 재현도의 경우 2개 항목을 제외한 모든 계측항목에서 높은 재현도를 보였다. 아울러 본 연구에서 설정한 18개의 계측점 중 Go_(mid_lat), Go_(mid_obl)가 포함된 계측항목이 조사자간 및 조사자내 재현도가 떨어지는 경향을 보였다. 이상의 연구 결과 본 연구에서 사용된 18개의 계측점 중 16개의 계측점(과두를 나타내는 Cd_(sup_sup), Cd_(lat_ant), Cd_(lat_lat), Cd_(post_lat), Cd_(post_post), S, 하악우각부를 나타내는 Go_(inf_lat), Go_(inf_inf), Go_(lat_ant),Go_(lat_lat), Go_(post_lat), Go_(post_post), Ag_(lat), Ag_(inf), 하악정중부를 나타내는 Me_(ant), Me_(inf))은 높은 재현도를 보이므로 전산화단층사진을 이용한 하악골 3차원 영상에서 안면비대칭 환자의 진단에 유용하게 사용될 수 있음을 시사하였다. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of measurements representing asymmetry of the mandible and to identify which landmarks would be more useful in 3-dimensional (3D) CT imaging. Methods: Facial CT images were obtained from forty normal occlusion individuals. Eighteen landmarks were established from the condyle, gonion, and menton areas, and 25 measurements were constructed to represent asymmetry of the mandible; 8 for ramus length, 12 for mandibular body length, 1 for condylar neck length, 2 for frontal ramal inclination, and 2 for lateral ramal inclination. Inter- and intra-examiner reproducibility of the measurements was evaluated. Results: Inter-examiner reproducibility of the measurements proved to be high except for 3 measurements. Intra-examiner reproducibility also proved to be high except for 2 measurements. Interand intra-examiner reproducibility of the measurements including Gonion proved to be low. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that the landmarks and measurements constructed in 3D CT images can be used for the diagnosis of facial asymmetry.

과학관 이용자 만족도 평가 : 4개 과학관의 전시실을 중심으로

김성원,최고운 이화여자대학교 교과교육연구소 1999 교과교육학연구 Vol.3 No.2

본 연구에서 각 과학관별로 방문, 견학, 운영자와 면담을 통해 정리한 과학관의 실태와, 단체 견학한 학생과 교사를 대상으로 설을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 견학결정에 있어서 협조공문과 교과교육에 적절성여부가 중요 요인으로 작용하였다. 견학시 어려움은 견학기관과의 연결(20.0%), 학생 및 학부모의 반응(15.1%) 등의 요소를 들었다. 견학계획시의 애로사항 해소를 위하여 외부적으로는 근접 지역의 지역과학관 설립이 요구되며, 학교현장에서는 과학관 이용 수업이 연중수업계획에 포함되어 전일제 수업 등 계획된 일정으로 진행될 것이 요구된다. 이를 위해 과학관에서는 학기중 학교수업에 연장된 특별전시를 기획하거나, 예약특혜시스템 등을 도입하여 이용자 유치를 위해 적극적인 입장으로 운영해야 할 것이다. 전시실의 전시내용물에 대하여 이용자들은 우리나라 전통과학의 내용이 보다 보완되기를 희망하고 있었으며, 시범실험이나, 설명문의 전시보다는 전시물을 직접 작동하여 시행하며 원리를 알 수 있는 방법으로 전시물이 구성되는 방법을 선호하였다. 또한 설명자가 있는 경우 과학관련자의 열의있는 설명이 유효한 것으로 보인다. We live in the times when the change of science and technology has a good place to develop the science mind of people. Therefore it is very important to investigate the needs of its visitors to improve Science Museum. Present situation shows that group visit is a major form of visit to Science Museum in Korea. So, in this paper e actual conditions of the museums were investigated and researched on the basis of the visitors’ opinion. The four different museums observed are National Science Museum, Seoul Institute of Science Education, Children’s center, and LG Science Hall. The 702 students and 35 teachers having visited at least one were surveyed on the degree of satisfaction. The results are as follows. 1. Science Museum operation geared basically to creating science climate for teenagers and adults which enhances them to learn science first hand. 2. A Visit is carried out by some definite factors; official documents or teachers’ decision on educational effect. 3. Selected four elements of Science Museum are ‘visit convenience’, ‘exhibit level’, ‘educational function’ and environment & climate’. Relative importance’s of them are equally distributed in the survey of students. 4. The choice of using and attending a Science Museum by teacher depends on following order of factors: The first is educational function i.e. whether the museum has relevant scientific contents and explanations for educational purpose. The second is whether the museums facilities are easy to use, nicely set up and convenient to go. 5. Relative degree of satisfaction to each Science Museum depend on several variables; explanation, interest, and environment & climate. As a result, this paper offers four data; an index of visitors’ satisfaction, the comparative standard between Science Museums, the justification of Science Museum, the useful materials to service development of Science Museums.

Toward Robust Photoelectrochemical Operation of Cuprous Oxide Nanowire Photocathodes Using a Strategically Designed Solution-Processed Titanium Oxide Passivation Coating

Kim, Joo Sung,Cho, Sung Woon,Deshpande, Nishad G.,Kim, Young Been,Yun, Young Dae,Jung, Sung Hyeon,Kim, Dong Su,Cho, Hyung Koun American Chemical Society 2019 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.11 No.16

<P>To date, TiO<SUB>2</SUB> films prepared by atomic layer deposition are widely used to prepare Cu<SUB>2</SUB>O nanowire (NW)-based photocathodes with photoelectrochemical (PEC) durability as this approach enables conformal coating and furnishes chemical robustness. However, this common approach requires complicated interlayers and makes the fabrication of photocathodes with reproducible performance and long-term stability difficult. Although sol-gel-based approaches have been well established for coating surfaces with oxide thin films, these techniques have rarely been studied for oxide passivation in PEC applications, because the sol-gel coating methods are strongly influenced by surface chemical bonding and have been mainly demonstrated on flat substrates. As a unique strategy based on solution processing, herein, we suggest a creative solution for two problems encountered in the conformal coating of surfaces with oxide layers: (i) how to effectively prevent corrosion of materials with hydrophilic surfaces by simply using a single TiO<SUB>2</SUB> surface protection layer instead of a complex multilayer structure and (ii) guaranteeing perfect chemical durability. A Cu(OH)<SUB>2</SUB> NW can be easily prepared as an intermediate phase by anodization of a Cu metal, where the former inherently possesses a hydrophilic hydroxylated surface and thus, enables thorough coating with TiO<SUB>2</SUB> precursor solutions. Chemically robust nanowires are then generated as the final product via the phase transformation of Cu(OH)<SUB>2</SUB> to Cu<SUB>2</SUB>O via sintering at 600 °C. The coated NWs exhibit excellent PEC properties and a stable performance. Consequently, the perfect chemical isolation of the Cu<SUB>2</SUB>O NWs from the electrolyte allows a remarkable PEC operation with the maintenance of the initial photocurrent for more than one day.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

새로운 합성 ALK5 저해제인 IN-1130의 생체조직 내 분포 및 대사

Yeo Woon KIM,Ji Hye KIM,Ki Yoon KIM,Kyoung Jin KWON,Seo Youn GO,Jung In JEE,Yong Kook KIM,Kyung Nan MIN,Dae-Kee KIM,Yhun Yhong SHEEN 환경독성보건학회 2006 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.- No.-

Measurements of the Specific Activities of 137Cs in Antarctica Environmental Samples by Using the Low-Level Radiation Analysis Method

Huh Jangyong,Park Chaeyeon,Kim Taehee,Hahn Insik,Kim Go Woon,Lee Eunkyung,Kim Ji Hee 한국물리학회 2020 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.77 No.3

Since the King Sejong Korean Antarctic Research Station began operation in 1988, studies of various fields have been then carried out in polar regions and significant achievements have been yielded. However, environmental and biological radiations have not been dealt with compared to other research areas. In this study, the 137Cs distribution is investigated for environmental elements in the vicinity of the two research stations, the Jang Bogo Station and the King Sejong Station, operated by the Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI) in Antarctica by using a low-level radiation analysis method. Three different types of environmental samples, soils, mosses, and lichens are investigated for identification of 137Cs. In order to discriminate low levels of radiations from background radiations and estimate their specific activities with high reliability and precision, we used a heavily shielded HPGe detector in an underground laboratory to perform the activity measurements. GEANT4 simulations were carried out for efficiency calibrations corresponding to the shape of the pre-processed sample. 137Cs has been identified in all the samples and the energy spectrum has been found to reflect their physical and ecological characteristics.

세라밴드를 이용한 PNF 기법 적용이 65세 이상 여성노인의 균형과 보행에 미치는 영향

강달원,강미경,강은실,고유리,김다운,김대용,김정은,김원황,김자연,김환,정대인,김명훈,김상엽,이동진,김찬규,김현진,Kang, Dal-Won,Kang, Mi-Kyoung,Kang, Eun-Sil,Go, Yu-Ri,Kim, Da-Woon,Kim, Dae-Yong,Kim, Jung-Eun,Kim, Won-Hwang,Kim, Ja-Yeon,Kim, Hwan,Jung 대한물리치료과학회 2011 대한물리치료과학회지 Vol.18 No.1

Purpose: Study on the effect of the use of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation(PNF) method by use of the direction and charge regulation which is the advantage of the Thera-band therapy on the walks and balances in old people and comparison with the result after applying the general PNF technique. Method: The study has been performed on 30 females over 65 years old. The study has been done by dividing the object group in 3 patterns, which are number 1, the comparison group of 10, two ones that are applied the PNF technique using Thera-band and third, the ones that are applied only the PNF technique. For the PNF and the Thera-band using PNF, we have divided the group into Combination of Isotonic technique and the Rhythmical stabilization technique according to the patient's acquaintance pattern and applied them to the patient's body. Evaluation was the balancing ability which was calculated by using the BIODEX Balance system / FRT and for the evaluation of walking ability, we have used the speed of walking for 10M / TUG. Result: In the comparison group of 10, the balancing ability and the walking ability did not change much before and after the experiment, which made it possible to compare the group with the other two easily(p>0.05). For the other two groups, we have recognized the enhancement both in the balancing ability and the walking ability, but they did not know much difference between themselves(p<0.05). Conclusion: Though there were not a big difference in the sense of improvement between the Thera-band using PNF and the PNF technique only, we could infer that these two therapy has enhanced much in the walking and balancing ability for people over 65 and through these result we can foresee that not only using the method shown in this study but also by using many advantages of Thera-band, we could diminish the tiredness of healer, enhance the efficiency of exercise in them and also by forming self training program for older people we could help them build the prevention program from falls.

The validation of genotoxicity tests

KIM Ki Yoon,KIM Ji Hye,KWON Kyung Jin,GO Seo Youn,MIN Kyung Nan,KIM Yeo Woon,KIM Min Kyung,SHEEN Yhun Yhong 환경독성보건학회 2006 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.- No.-

Copper indium selenide water splitting photoanodes with artificially designed heterophasic blended structure and their high photoelectrochemical performances

Kim, Joo Sung,Baek, Seung Ki,Kim, Young Been,Do, Hyun Woo,Kwon, Yong Hun,Cho, Sung Woon,Yun, Young Dae,Yoon, Jae Hong,Lee, Han-Bo-Ram,Kim, Sang-Woo,Cho, Hyung Koun Elsevier 2018 Nano energy Vol.46 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Conventional <I>p-</I>CuInSe<SUB>2</SUB> absorbers for solar cells have been homogenously synthesized using multi-step process despite a narrow crystal phase region in the phase diagram and the existence of various secondary phases. In contrast, here we propose artificially-designed heterophasic blended copper indium selenide compounds for water splitting photoanodes using a simple one-step annealing synthetic process where the electrodeposited metal precursors were directly annealed with Se vapor injection and without additional intermediate steps. The resultant product is revealed to possess a novel “<I>phase-blended structure</I>” comprising two phases of <I>p-</I>type CuInSe<SUB>2</SUB> and <I>n-</I>type CuIn<SUB>3</SUB>Se<SUB>5</SUB> crystals. The CuInSe<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles with a higher Cu fraction are three-dimensionally (3D) embedded in the <I>n-</I>type CuIn<SUB>3</SUB>Se<SUB>5</SUB> matrix, which has been verified by various analysis methods such as X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and capacitance-voltage curve. The average diameter of the CuInSe<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles is 66.8nm and the interval between the nanoparticles in the CuIn<SUB>3</SUB>Se<SUB>5</SUB> matrix is 67.6nm. Consequently, the phase-blended structure photoabsorber exhibits a remarkably enhanced anodic photocurrent of 12.7mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> at 1.23V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode. The considerably enhanced photocurrent gain of the phase-blended structure photoanode is attributed to the excellent charge separation facilitated by the built-in potential generated from the 3D <I>p-n</I> junction.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Inorganic heterophasic blended structure was synthesized via one-step annealing process of electrodeposited Cu/In bilayers. </LI> <LI> We designed inorganic heterophasic blended structure consisting of <I>p</I>-type CuInSe<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles and <I>n</I>-type CuIn<SUB>3</SUB>Se<SUB>5</SUB> matrix. </LI> <LI> The nanoscale CuInSe<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles with a higher Cu fraction were three-dimensionally embedded in <I>n</I>-type CuIn<SUB>3</SUB>Se<SUB>5</SUB> matrix. </LI> <LI> Phase-blended structure resulted in sufficient depletion and efficiently separated photo-generated electron-hole pairs. </LI> <LI> Phase-blended structure CIS showed remarkably enhanced photocurrent and good stability with an ultra-thin Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> layer. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>We report an inorganic heterophasic blended structure with remarkably enhanced photocurrent performance via built-in potential between <I>p</I>-type CuInSe<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles and <I>n</I>-type CuIn<SUB>3</SUB>Se<SUB>5</SUB> matrix.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

The effect of an improvement of experience and training in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation management on clinical outcomes

Go-Woon Kim,Younsuck Koh,Chae-Man Lim,Jin Won Huh,Sung-Ho Jung,Joon Bum Kim,Sang-Bum Hong 대한내과학회 2018 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.33 No.1

Background/Aims: The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is spreading rapidly, with successful procedures reported in the ECMO for Severe Adult Respiratory failure (CESAR) trial and treatment of the H1N1 pandemic. However, ECMO is associated with a high mortality rate. This study aimed to show that increased experience and improved teamwork through education may reduce the mortality rate associated with ECMO. Methods: A retrospective study was performed. Data were collected from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2011. The data were divided into two periods: 2009/2010 (period 1) and 2011 (period 2). The protocol and training program were applied during period 2. Results: Seventy-six patients were included. The most common disease requiring ECMO support was pneumonia (43.4%). ECMO was applied within 7 days in 76.3% of patients. The primary outcomes, such as Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and hospital mortality rates, were higher during period 1 (91.3%) than period 2 (66.7%, p = 0.013). A multivariate analysis revealed that ECMO weaning failure was the only factor associated with ICU and hospital mortality (ICU mortality: hazard ratio [HR], 11.349; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.281 to 100.505; p = 0.029; hospital mortality: HR, 17.976; 95% CI, 2.263 to 142.777; p = 0.006). Conclusions: The mortality rate associated with the ECMO procedure decreased following the ECMO training program. However, applying the training program to ECMO management is not an independent factor for the mortality rate. Further studies should be performed to help reduce the mortality rate associated with ECMO.