Changes of Sugar Composition and Related Enzyme Activities during Fruit Development of Asian Pear Cultivars ‘Niitaka’ and ‘Whangkeumbae’

Jin-Ho Choi,Jang-Jeon Choi,Chang-Seok Bang,Jung-Sup Lee,Dong-Woog Choi,Hye-Sun Cho,Jun Cheul Ahn 한국원예학회 2009 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.50 No.6

We report on the seasonal changes of soluble sugar accumulation and several enzyme activities related to sugar metabolism, in two Asian pear cultivars (Pyrus pyrifolia) cultivars ‘Niitaka’ and ‘Whangkeumbae’. Soluble sugar content increased as the fruit developed and its total contents in matured fruits were 104.6 and 95.1 ㎎ㆍg?¹ fresh weight for ‘Niitaka’ and ‘Whangkeumbae’, respectively. However, the fructose-glucose-sucrose-sorbitol ratio was not significantly changed. Sorbitol-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity was maintained at high level in leaves and low in fruits throughout the fruit development, although the enzyme activity highly fluctuated in young and mature fruits. NAD-dependent sorbitol dehydrogenase activity increased sigmoidally in both leaves and fruits during fruit development, and correlated with accumulation of total sugar in fruits. Sucrose synthase and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activities remained low in leaves, but higher with two peak fluctuations in fruits. The change of soluble sugar contents positively correlated with SPS activity, based on the seasonal fluctuation of SPS activity and soluble sugar accumulation.

NaBr을 첨가한 물소화제의 냉각효과에 관한 연구

방창훈,김종석 한국화재소방학회 2001 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.15 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 NaBr(30%, w/w)을 첨가한 물소화제의 냉각효과을 연구하는 것이다. 고온체로는 탄소강과 테프론을 사용하였다. 실험에서 고온체 표면의 온도범위는 70℃∼116℃이며 액적의 크기는 2.6mm이다. 실험결과 고온체 내부의 온도는 재질에 관계없이 순수한 물의 경우가 NaBr수용액보다 낮게 나타났으며, 테프론의 경우가 탄소강보다 온도 변화가 크게 나타났다. 또한 제질에 관계없이, 평균 열유속은 순수한 물의 경우가 NaBr수용액 보다 크게 나타났으며, 겉보기 증발시간은 순수한 물의 경우가 NaBr 수용액보다 짧게 나타났다. The objective of the present work is to examine the cooling effect of a water fire extinguishing agent containing NaBr(30%, w/w). The carbon steel and Teflon were used as a hot solid. The temperature on the hot solid surface ranged from 70℃ to 116℃ and water droplet size was 2.6 mm in the experiments. It is suggested that regardless of the hot solid material, the indepth temperature of the case of NaBr solution is lower than that of pure water and the variation of indepth temperature of teflon is higher than that of carbon steel. Regardless of the hot solid material, the time averaged heat flux of the case of pure water is higher than that of NaBr solution. The apparent evaporation time of the case of pure water is shorter than that of NaBr solution.

A Multicenter Analysis of Clinical Features and Long-Term Outcomes of POEMS Syndrome in Korea

Kook Hye Won,Jang Ji Eun,Min Chang-Ki,Yoon Dok Hyun,Kim Kihyun,Bang Soo-Mee,Park Yong,Lee Jae Hoon,Yoon Sung-Soo,Kim Jin Seok 대한의학회 2024 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.39 No.2

Background: POEMS syndrome is a rare form of plasma cell dyscrasia characterized by polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal proteins, and skin changes. Owing to its low incidence, there are few reports regarding this syndrome. This multicenter study included 84 patients diagnosed with POEMS syndrome in South Korea. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 84 patients diagnosed with POEMS syndrome at 8 hospitals in South Korea between January 2000 and October 2022. The clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes were analyzed. Results: The median patient age was 53 years (range, 26–77 years), and 63.1% of the patients were male. All patients had peripheral neuropathy, and 81 (96.4%) had monoclonal plasma cell proliferation. Plasma vascular endothelial growth factor levels were available for 32 patients with a median of 821 pg/mL (range, 26–12,900 pg/mL). Other common features included skin changes (54.2%), volume overload (71.4%), and organomegaly (72.6%). Of the 84 patients, 75 received initial treatment (local radiotherapy, 6 [8.0%]; chemotherapy, 17 [22.7%]; both chemotherapy and local radiotherapy, 9 [12.0%]), upfront autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), 43 (57.3%; with induction chemotherapy, n = 12, 16.0%; without induction chemotherapy, n = 31, 41.3%). The median follow-up duration was 40.7 months. The 5-year overall survival (OS) was 78%, and the 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 55%. Patients who underwent upfront ASCT and were diagnosed after 2014 had a longer OS and PFS. Conclusion: The demographics of Korean patients with POEMS syndrome were similar to those reported previously. Because of the introduction of new treatment agents and the reduced rate of transplant-related mortality related to ASCT, the treatment outcomes of Korean patients with POEMS syndrome have improved in recent years.

The Role of Acid Suppressants in the Prevention of Anticoagulant-Related Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Chang Seok Bang,Moon Kyung Joo,Byung-Wook Kim,Joon Sung Kim,Chan Hyuk Park,Ji Yong Ahn,Jeong Hoon Lee,Bong Eun Lee,Hyo-Joon Yang,Yu Kyung Cho,Jae Myung Park,Beom Jin Kim,Hye-Kyung Jung,대한상부위장관. 헬리코박터학 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2020 Gut and Liver Vol.14 No.1

Background/Aims: Although acid suppressants are widely used for the prevention or treatment of drug-induced upper gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB), evidence regarding the prevention of anticoagulant-related GIB is scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of acid suppressants against anticoagulant-related GIB. Methods: A systematic review was conducted of studies that evaluated the protective effect of acid suppressants against anticoagulant-related GIB found in PubMed, the Cochrane library, Embase, and KoreaMed from the date of database inception to April 2018. Random effect model meta-analyses with sensitivity analyses were conducted. The methodological quality of each included publication was evaluated using the Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Nonrandomized Studies. Publication bias was assessed. Results: In total, six nested case-control or cohort studies were identified and analyzed. Proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) had a protective effect against upper GIB in patients on dicumarinics (risk ratio [RR], 0.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.38 to 0.83; I2, 0%); however, the histamine-2 receptor antagonist did not have the same effect (RR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.52 to 1.81; I2, 0%). Acid suppressants did not have a protective effect against GIB in patients on dabigatran (hazard ratio, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.44 to 1.37; I2, 81.8%). Conclusions: The protective effect of PPIs against dicumarinics-related upper GIB was clear, while there was no evidence supporting the protective effect of acid suppressants against dabigatran-related GIB. However, in the absence of randomized trials demonstrating a lack of bias, solid conclusions cannot be drawn.

The Korean Society of Gastroenterology & SIDDS 2027 : Slide Session ;K-UG-30 : Upper GI Tract ; Effect of Helicobacter pylori Eradication on the Development of Metachronous Gastric Cancer After Resection of Early Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Me

( Chang Seok Bang ),( Gwang Ho Baik ),( Hyo Sun Kim ),( Sang Hyun Park ),( Eun Jin Kim ),( Jin Bong Kim ),( Ki Tae Suk ),( Jai Hoon Yoon ),( Yeon Soo Kim ),( Dong Joon Kim ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: There still remains controversies about effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the development of metachronous gastric cancer after endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer (EGC). The aim of this study was to assess the effi cacyof Helicobacter pylori eradication for the prevention of metachronous recurrecne after endoscopic resection of EGC. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using the core databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library). Metachronous gastric cancer recurrence rates between Helicobacter pylori eradicated vs. non-eradicated group were extracted and analyzed using risk ratios (RRs). A random effect model was applied. The methodological quality of the enrolled studies was assessed by the Risk of Bias table and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Publication bias was evaluated through the funnel plot, trimand fi ll method, Egger`s test, and rank correlation test. Results: A total of 5914 patients with EGC or dysplasia was enrolled from 10 studies. Overall, Helicobacter pylori eradicated group showed a RR of 0.467 (95% CI: 0.362- 0.602, P<0.001) for the development of metachronous recurrence after endoscopic resection of EGC. Sensitivity analyses showed consistent results. Publication bias wasnot detected. Conclusions: In this analysis, Helicobacter pylori eradication reduces the occurrence of metachronous gastric cancer after endoscopic resection of EGC.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection of early gastric cancer with mixed-type histology : Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

Bang, Chang Seok,Choi, Jae Ho,Yang, Young Joo,Lee, Jae Jun,Baik, Gwang Ho Wolters Kluwer Health 2018 Medicine Vol.97 No.51

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Background:</B></P><P>Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a primary treatment for the early gastric cancer (EGC) who have a negligible risk of lymph node metastasis satisfying specific criteria. These criteria are histologically categorized by EGC with differentiated-type histology (EGC-DH) and undifferentiated-type histology (EGC-UH). However, gastric cancer is histologically heterogenous and there has been no specific criteria for EGC with mixed-type histology (EGC-MH). Moreover, therapeutic outcomes of ESD for EGC-MH have not been clearly described.</P><P><B>Methods:</B></P><P>We will search the core databases (MEDLINE (through PubMed), the Cochrane Library, and Embase) from their inception to November 2018 using pre-established searching strategy by 2 independent evaluators. The P.I.C.O. is as follows; Patients: who have EGC-MH, Intervention: ESD, Comparison: none, Outcome: at least one among the rate of complete resection, curative resection, en bloc resection, recurrence or procedure-related adverse event that enabled an evaluation of feasibility of ESD. All types of study design will be sought and publications in English with full-text will be included. The risk of bias will be assessed using the ROBINS-I tool. Descriptive data synthesis is planned and quantitative synthesis will be used if the included studies are sufficiently homogenous (pooled therapeutic outcomes data with 95% confidence intervals). Publication bias will be assessed with quantitative analyses if more than 10 articles are enrolled.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>The results will provide evidence for validity of current ESD criteria in addition to the technical feasibility of ESD for EGC-MH.</P><P><B>Conclusion:</B></P><P>This study will provide evidence of ESD for EGC-MH.</P>

The Most Influential Publications on Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: A Bibliometric Analysis

Chang Seok Bang,Jae Jun Lee,Gwang Ho Baik 대한상부위장관ㆍ헬리코박터학회 2020 Korean Journal of Helicobacter Upper Gastrointesti Vol.20 No.4

Background/Aims: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is the first-line treatment for superficial gastrointestinal neoplasms with negligible lymph node metastasis. It has evolved through improvements in expertise and equipment, increased understanding of indications and short- and long-term outcomes, and better management of complications. This study aimed to assess and characterize the most influential publications in ESD research.Materials and Methods: We searched the top 50 most cited articles using Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) and Google Scholar (GS) from the inception of these services to January 2019. The top 50 Altmetric Attention Score (AAS) articles based on online media mentions were also searched. Each article was evaluated for the number of citations, title, journal, and publication year.Results: The number of citations for the top 50 WoSCC articles on ESD ranged from 37 to 199; Endoscopy published the most articles (20%). Among the top 50 GS articles, Gastrointestinal Endoscopy published the most ESD articles (34%) and the most shared AAS articles (42.6%). PubMed Central article citations in WoSCC or GS showed significant correlation with those from each metric, unlike AAS. The words with the highest relevance scores were “submucosal tunnel dissection,” “guideline,” “novel submucosal gel,” “adhesive material,” “cell sheet,” “esophageal ulcer,” “hemospray,” and “endoscopic closure,” while the following words were influential: “meta-analysis,” “esophageal stricture,” “perforation,” “bleeding,” “fibrin glue,” “artificial ulcer,” “porcine model” and “esophageal squamous cell neoplasia,” excluding “ESD.”Conclusions: This study presents a detailed list of influential articles, journals, and topic words.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection of gastric subepithelial tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

( Chang Seok Bang ),( Gwang Ho Baik ),( In Soo Shin ),( Ki Tae Suk ),( Jai Hoon Yoon ),( Dong Joon Kim ) 대한내과학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.31 No.5

Background/Aims: To evaluate the therapeutic outcomes of the endoscopic sub­mucosal dissection (ESD) technique for the treatment of gastric subepithelial tu­mors (SETs). Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using the core databases. Data on the complete resection rates and the procedure-related perforation rates were extracted and analyzed. A random effects model was then applied for this meta-analysis. Results: In all, 288 patients with 290 SETs were enrolled from nine studies (44 SETs originated from the submucosal layer; 246 SETs originated from the mus­cularis propria layer). The mean diameter of the lesions ranged from 17.99 to 38 mm. Overall, the pooled complete resection rate was estimated to be 86.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 78.9 to 91.3). If the analysis was limited to the lesions that originated from the submucosal layer, the pooled complete resection rate was 91.4% (95% CI, 77.9 to 97). If the analysis was limited to the lesions that originated from the muscularis propria, the pooled complete resection rate was 84.4% (95% CI, 78.7 to 88.8). The pooled procedure-related gastric perforation rate was 13% (95% CI, 9.4 to 17.6). Sensitivity analyses showed consistent results. Finally, publication bias was not detected. Conclusions: ESD, including endoscopic muscularis dissection, is a technically feasible procedure for the treatment of SETs. However, selection bias is suspected from the enrolled studies. For the development of a proper indication of ESD for SETs, further studies are needed.

Effects of Korean Red Ginseng (Panax ginseng), urushiol (Rhus vernicifera Stokes), and probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 and Lactobacillus acidophilus R0052) on the guteliver axis of alcoholic liver disease

Chang Seok Bang,So Hyung Hong,Ki Tae Suk,Jin Bong Kim,Sang Hak Han,Hotaik Sung,Eun Ji Kim,Myoung Jo Kim,Moon Young Kim,Soon Koo Baik,Dong Joon Kim 고려인삼학회 2014 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.38 No.3

Background: Roles of immune reaction and toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) have widely been established in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Methods: We evaluated the biologic efficacy of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG), urushiol, and probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 and Lactobacillus acidophilus R0052) in mouse models of ALD. Sixty C57BL/6 mice were equally divided into six feeding groups for 10 weeks: normal diet, alcohol, control, alcohol + KRG, alcohol + urushiol, and alcohol + probiotics. Alcohol was administered via a LiebereDeCarli liquid diet containing 10% alcohol. TLR-4 expression, proinflammatory cytokines, and histology, as well as the results of liver function tests were evaluated and compared. Results: No between-group differences were observed with regard to liver function. TLR-4 levels were significantly lower in the KRG, urushiol, and probiotics groups than in the alcohol group (0.37±0.06 ng/ mL, 0.39±0.12 ng/mL, and 0.33±0.07 ng/mL, respectively, vs. 0.88± 0.31 ng/mL; p < 0.05). Interleukin- 1b levels in liver tissues were decreased among the probiotics and KRG groups. The tumor necrosis factor-a level of liver tissue was decreased in the KRG group. Conclusion: The pathological findings showed that alcohol-induced steatosis was significantly reduced by KRG and urushiol. As these agents improve immunologic capacity, they may be considered in potential anti-ALD treatments.

The Korean Society of Gastroenterology & SIDDS 2064 : Slide Session ; K-UG-16 : Upper GI Tract ; Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection of Gastric Subepithelial Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta- Analysis

( Chang Seok Bang ),( Gwang Ho Baik ),( Hyo Sun Kim ),( Sang Hyun Park ),( Eun Jin Kim ),( Jin Bong Kim ),( Ki Tae Suk ),( Jai Hoon Yoon ),( Yeon Soo Kim ),( Dong Joon Kim ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: The treatment of gastric subepithelial tumors (SETs) depends on surgical resection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the current evidence about therapeutic outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) technique for the treatment of gastric SET. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using the core databases. Data about complete resection rate and procedure-related perforation rate were extracted and analyzed. A random effect model was applied. The methodological quality of the enrolled studies was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Sensitivity analyses were performed by the origin of the gastric wall layer of SETs. Publication bias was evaluated through the funnel plot, trim and fi ll method, Egger`s test, and rank correlation test. Results: A total of 290 SETs in 288 patients was enrolled from 9 studies (44 SETs originated from the submucosal layer, 246 SETs originated from the muscularis propria layer). The mean diameter of the lesions were ranged from 17.99 to 38mm (mean value). Overall, pooled complete resection rate was estimated as 86.2% (95%CI: 78.9%-91.3%, P< 0.001). If limited to the lesions originated from the submucosal layer, the pooled complete resection rate was 91.4% (95%CI: 77.9%-97%, P< 0.001). If limited to the lesions originated from the muscularis propria layer, the pooled complete resection rate was 84.4% (95%CI: 78.7%-88.8%, P< 0.001). Pooled procedure-related gastric perforation rate was 13% (95%CI: 9.4%-17.6%, P< 0.001). Among the 34 incomplete resected SETs, 20 cases were leiomyoma and 10 cases were GIST. Sensitivity analyses showed consistent results. Publication bias was not detected. Conclusions: In this analysis, ESD including endoscopic muscularis dissection is technically feasible procedure for the treatment of SETs. However, selection bias is suspected from the enrolled studies. For the development of proper indication about ESD for SETs, further studies are needed.