성인원외폐렴의 원인미생물에대한 전향적 다기관 연구 : 성인원외폐렴의 원인으로 세균의 역할을 중심으로

우준희,강재명,김양수,신완식,류진홍,최정현,김양리,정희진,어수택,박춘식,정문현,정기석,이찬주,류지소 대한감염학회 2001 감염 Vol.33 No.1

Background : Communite-acquired peumonia (CAP) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Despite progress in diagnostic techniques and treatments, management of pneumonia remains challenging, because the precise etiology remains uncertain in as many as 49% of cases. The limitaions of identifying etiologic agents make it necessary to use empiric antibiotics in almost all patients, and furthermore emergence of antibiotic-resistant organisms pose difficulties to the selection of an empiric antibiotic regimen. For the optimal choice of empirical antibiotics, we should know the frequency of etiologic agents and antimicrobial resistance rates in the community. Methods : A prospective multicenter study of community-acquired pneumonia in Korea was carried out between May 1997 and April 2000. The microbiologic diagnosis was based on the results of sputum culture, blood culture and pleural culture. Results : Five hundred eighty eight cases of community-acquired peumonia in 562 patients admitted to the hospitals. The mean age was 59.9 with male predominance (58.3%), and 370 (63%) had underlyin gillness. The etiologic agents were identified in 38.3%, and the list of individual agents, in decreasing order, was Streprococcus pneumoniae (21.7%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.8%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.8%), Staphylococcus aureus (9.5%), viridans group streptococci (5.7%), Enterobacter cloacae (4.2%), Hemophillus Influenza (3.8%), The rates of admission to the intensive care unit was 10.4%. The motality was 7.1%. Susceptible rates of S. pneumoniae to penicillin was 36.6% and showed multidrug resistant. Forty percents of S. aureus were methicillin-resistant S. aureus. K. penumoniae were susceptible to cephalosporin and quinolone. Conclusion : In Korea, S.pneumoniae is the most important agent causing community-acquired pneumonia. Susceptible rates of S. pneumoniae to penicillin was 36.6% and showed multidrug resistant. Gram negative bacteria such as K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa showed high incidence when compared with that of other countries. Most of them had underlying diseases including bronchiectasis and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. (Korean J Infect Dis 33:1∼7, 2001)

소아 안와 골막하 농양의 치료

문찬식 ( Chan Shik Moon ),장재우 ( Jae Woo Jang ),유호민 ( Ho Min Lew ) 대한안과학회 2003 대한안과학회지 Vol.44 No.6

안내이물 환자에서 최종시력에 영향을 주는 인자

문찬식(Chan Shik Moon),이선영(Sun Young Lee),유호민(Ho Min Lew),이은하(Eun Ha Lee) 대한안과학회 2001 대한안과학회지 Vol.42 No.7

EO Performances of Flexible TN-LCD using in-situ Ultraviolet Exposure during Imidization of Polyimide on the Polymer Film

Moon, Hyun-Chan,Hwang, Jeoung-Yeon,Lee, Whee-Won,Seo, Dae-Shik The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2005 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.6 No.3

We have investigated the generation of pretilt angle for a nematic liquid crystal (NLC) alignment with in-situ photoalignment method on polyimide (PI) surfaces using polymer films. Especially, we studied in-situ photoalignment changing heating temperature from $50^{\circ}C\;to\;120^{\circ}C$ on the polymer film. The LC aligning capabilities and pretilt angle on the polymer substrates were better than those on the glass substrate using in-situ photoalignment method. It is considered that this increase in pretilt angle may be attributed to the roughness of the micro-groove substrate induced by the in-situ photoalignment. As temperature of heated subtrate and UV exposure time increase, pretilt angle of the cell used polymer film increased. It is considered that the heating temperature of substrate is attributed to generate pretilt angle. Also, electro-optical performances of the in-situ photoaligned TN cell using the polymer substrate are almost the same as that of the TN cell using the glass substrate.

회전식 흡입기를 이용한 경구강 내시경 아데노이드 절제술

류찬,김성식,전진하,임한승,김문숙 대한이비인후과학회 2000 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.43 No.12

A Study on Electro-optical Characteristics in Three Kinds of Liquid Crystal Display Operating Mode

Moon, Hyun-Chan,Bae, Yu-Han,Hwang, Jeoung-Yeon,Seo, Oae-Shik The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2005 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.6 No.2

In this study, we investigated response characteristics of liquid crystal display (LCD) with different operating mode of nematic liquid crystals (NLCs) such as 45 $^{circ} twisted nematic (TN), 67.3 $^{circ} TN and electrical controlled birefringence (ECB) on the rubbed polyimide (PI) surface with side chains. The pretilt angles generated on polyimide surfaces of the three kinds of LCD operating modes were about 12 $^{circ} that was higher than those of conventional TN-LCOs. Also, the Electro-optical (EO) performance of these LCOs showed stable condition. Low transmittance of the 45 $^{circ} TN and 67.3 $^{circ} TN cell on the rubbed PI surface were measured by using low cell gap d. The fast response time in ECB cell among the three kinds of LCD operating modes was achieved. Also, thermal ability of fast 90 $^{circ} TN-LCD was investigated. The threshold voltage and the response time of thermal stressed TN-LCOs showed the same performances on no thermal stressed TN-LCOs. There was little change of value in these TN cells. However, the transmittances of TN-LCOs on the rubbed PI surface decreased while increasing thermal stress time. Therefore, the thermal stability of TN-LCD was decreased by the high thermal stress for the long duration.

적응적 피부색 검출과 에지 정보를 이용한 유해 영상 분류 방법

박찬우(Chan Woo Park),박기태(Ki Tae Park),문영식(Young Shik Moon) 大韓電子工學會 2011 電子工學會論文誌-CI (Computer and Information) Vol.48 No.1

본 논문은 입력된 영상으로부터 적응적 피부색 검출 방법으로 생성된 피부색 영역과 에지 정보의 결합을 특징 벡터로 이용하여 입력 영상의 유해(누드, 성인물) 여부를 판별하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 네 단계의 과정으로 이루어져 있다. 첫 번째 단계에서는 입력 영상으로부터 기존의 피부색 검출 방법들을 적용하여 얻은 모든 결과 영상들에 대해서 논리곱 연산을 통해 초기 피부색 영역을 검출한다. 두 번째 단계에서 초기 피부색 영역의 화소 정보를 기반으로 피부색 확률 분포 모델을 생성하고 이를 통해 피부색 확률 영상을 생성한다. 그리고 피부색 확률 영상에 임계값을 적용하여 이진화 한다. 세 번째 단계에서 이진 피부색 영역과 에지의 결합 영상을 생성하고 피부색 영역을 확산하여 최종 피부색 영역을 검출한다. 마지막 단계에서 최종 피부색 영상과 최종 피부색 영역 안에 있거나 인접한 에지들의 결합 영상을 특징 벡터로 생성한다. 생성된 특징 벡터를 support vector machine(SVM) 학습을 통해 생성된 분류 모델로 입력 영상의 유해 여부를 판별하여 유해 혹은 무해 영상으로 분류한다. 실험 결과를 통하여 제안하는 방법이 기존의 유해 영상 분류 방법에 비해 분류 성능이 9.6% 향상된 것을 확인하였다. In this paper, we propose a novel method of adult image classification by combining skin color regions and edges in an input image. The proposed method consists of four steps. In the first step, initial skin color regions are detected by logical AND operation of all skin color regions detected by the existing methods of skin color detection. In the second step, a skin color probability map is created by modeling the distribution of skin color in the initial regions. Then, a binary image is generated by using threshold value from the skin color probability map. In the third step, after using the binary image and edge information, we detect final skin color regions using a region growing method. In the final step, adult image classification is performed by support vector machine(SVM). To this end, a feature vector is extracted by combining the final skin color regions and neighboring edges of them. As experimental results, the proposed method improves performance of the adult image classification by 9.6%, compared to the existing method.

Analysis of signs and pathology of H5N1-infected ducks from the 2010-2011 Korean highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreak suggests the influence of age and management practices on severity of disease.

Rhyoo, Moon-Young,Lee, Kyung-Hyun,Moon, Oun-Kyung,Park, Woo-Hee,Bae, You-Chan,Jung, Ji-Youl,Yoon, Soon-Seek,Kim, Hye-Ryoung,Lee, Myoung-Heon,Lee, Eun-Joo,Ki, Mi-Ran,Jeong, Kyu-Shik World Veterinary Poultry Association 2015 Avian pathology Vol.44 No.3

<P>We compared the clinical signs, histopathological lesions and distribution of viral antigens among infected young (meat-type) and older (breeder) ducks that were naturally infected with the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus during the 2010-2011 Korean outbreak. The meat-type ducks had a high mortality rate (30%) and showed severe neurological signs such as head tremors and paresis. In contrast, HPAI-infected breeder ducks had minimal clinical signs but a decreased egg production rate. The histopathological characteristics of infected meat-type ducks included necrotic lesions of heart and brain, which may have primarily contributed to the high mortality rate. In contrast, the breeder ducks only presented necrotic splenitis, and viral antigens were only detected in the trachea, lungs and spleen. Younger ducks had a high viral titre in the organs, high levels of viral shedding and a high mortality rate after experimental HPAI virus infection. Compared to the breeder ducks, the meat-type ducks were raised in smaller farms that had poor quarantine and breeding facilities. It is therefore possible that better biosecurity in the breeder farms could have reduced the infection dose and subsequently the severity of the disease. Thus, age and management may be the influencing factors for HPAI susceptibility in ducks.</P>

다중 패치를 이용한 예제 기반 영상 인페인팅

박찬우(Chan Woo Park),이상현(Sang Hyun Lee),박기태(Ki Tae Park),문영식(Young Shik Moon) 大韓電子工學會 2011 電子工學會論文誌-CI (Computer and Information) Vol.48 No.1

영상 인페인팅(Image Inpainting)은 영상에서 손상된 영역을 제거하고 제거한 영역을 주변 영역과 유사하게 채워 넣어 자연스럽게 만드는 영상 복원의 한 기법이다. 그러나 제거할 영역이 클 경우, 복원한 결과의 구조가 자연스럽지 않아 원하지 않는 영상을 획득할 수 있는 문제가 발생한다. 본 논문에서는 화소 값 차이뿐만 아니라 거리 정보를 고려한 다중 패치들을 사용하는 향상된 예제 기반 영상 인페인팅 기법을 제안한다. 일반적인 예제 기반 영상 인페인팅 기법에서는 패치를 잘못 선택함으로써 블록 현상 같은 부자연스러운 결과들이 발생할 수 있다. 이런 문제점을 개선하기 위해 채워질 패치와 원본 영역에서의 패치들 간의 공간상 거리와 화소 값 차이를 둘 다 고려하여 여러 후보 패치들을 선택하고 선택된 패치들의 가중치를 적용하여 새로운 구조와 질감 정보를 생성하는 것을 제안한다. 실험 결과를 통해 제안하는 방법을 이용한 결과가 기존의 방법을 이용한 결과보다 구조와 질감 정보가 보다 향상된 결과를 보여준다. Image inpainting is a technique for removing damaged regions and reconstructing them with visually plausible backgrounds. However, if size of the damaged regions for reconstructing is large, the unexpected results can be obtained due to disconnected structures within reconstructed regions. In this paper, by considering spatial distance information between candidate patches and a damaged patch as well as pixel value difference, an exemplar-based image inpainting using multiple patches is proposed. In conventional exemplar-based image inpainting method, implausible results such as blocking effects or repetition of reconstructed patch may occur by using inappropriately selected single patch. To improve the exemplar-based method, the weighted sum of multiple patches considering both the spatial distance and the pixel value difference between the target patch and the candidate patches is utilized. Experimental results have shown that the proposed method produces better performance of image inpainting than the existing method.

텍스처 기반의 눈 검출 기법

박찬우 ( Chan Woo Park ),박현 ( Hyun Park ),문영식 ( Young Shik Moon ) 한국정보처리학회 2007 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.14 No.1

자동 얼굴 인식, 표정 인식과 같은 얼굴 영상과 관련된 다양한 연구 분야는 일반적으로 입력 얼굴 영상에 대한 정규화가 필요하다. 사람의 얼굴은 표정, 조명 등에 따라 다양한 형태변화가 있어 입력 영상 마다 정확한 대표 특징 점을 찾는 것은 어려운 문제이다. 특히 감고 있는 눈이나 작은 눈 등은 검출하기 어렵기 때문에 얼굴 관련 연구에서 성능을 저하시키는 주요한 원인이 되고 있다. 이에 다양한 변화에 강건한 눈 검출을 위하여 본 논문에서는 눈의 텍스처 정보를 이용한 눈 검출 방법을 제안한다. 얼굴 영역에서 눈의 텍스처가 갖는 특성을 정의하고 두 가지 형태의 Eye 필터를 정의하였다. 제안된 방법은 Adaboost 기반의 얼굴 영역 검출 단계, 조명 정규화 단계, Eye 필터를 이용한 눈 후보 영역 검출 단계, 눈 위치 점 검출 단계 등 총 4단계로 구성된다. 실험 결과들은 제안된 방법이 얼굴의 자세, 표정, 조명 상태 등에 강건한 검출 결과를 보여주며 감은 눈 영상에서도 강건한 결과를 보여준다.