제1장 농업기계화의 동향 ; 1-2 . 농업기계화의 현황과 전망

최규홍 한국농업기계학회 1990 농업기계연감 Vol.- No.-

혈청 항 - 카디오리핀 항체 양성인 반복 유산환자의 임신 부산물에 대한 염색체 분석

최규홍,이동진,김계현,박소연,강인수,조동희,유근재,최범채,김석훈,허걸,박지혜 대한산부인과학회 2000 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.43 No.5

목적 : 반복 자연유산 환자에서 혈청 항-카디오리핀 항체(Anticardiolipin antibody,ACA) 유무에 따른 임신 부산물의 염색체 이상의 빈도를 비교함으로써 정상 염색체를 가진 자연유산 환자에서 혈청 항-카디오리핀 항체에 의한 유산 초래 가능성을 증명하기 위한 것이다. 연구대상 및 방법 : 본 연구는 1994년 1월부터 1999년 7월까지 성균관대학교 의과대학 삼성제일병원 습관성 유산 크리닉을 방문한 환자중 2번 이상의 반복유산 경험이 있는 환자에서 효소결합면역흡착검사(ELISA)를 이용하여 항-카디오리핀 항체를 측정하였고, 소파수술시 임신 부산물에서 융모막 융모(chorionic villi)를 얻어 표준 G-분염법(standard G-banding technique)에 의한 염색체 분석을 시행한 88명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 결과 : 전체 대상 환자 88명중 50명(57%)에서 염색체 이상을 보였고, 24명(27%)에서 ACA 양성이었고 64명(73%)에서 음성 소견이었다. 면역글로부린 G형 ACA와 M형 ACA의 빈도는 각각 11% (10/88)로 같았으며, 두 아형 모두 양성인 빈도는 5% (4/88)였다. ACA 양성이면서 임신 부산물의 염색체 이상을 보인 빈도는 54% (13/24)였고, 46% (11/24)에서는 정상 염색체 소견을 보였다. ACA 음성이면서 임신 부산물의 염색체 이상을 보인 빈도는 58%(37/64)였으나, ACA 유무에 따른 두 군간에 염색체 이상의 빈도에 통계학적인 차이는 없었다. G형 ACA만 양성인 군에서 염색체 이상의 빈도는 30% (3/10), M형 ACA만 양성인 군에서는 90% (9/10), 두 아형 모두 양성인 군에서는 25% (1/4)의 빈도를 보였으며, M형 항체만 양성인 군에서는 염색체 이상의 빈도가 G형 항체만 양성인 군보다 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 나타냈다(p= 0.02). 염색체 이상 중 빈도가 높은 삼염색체성(Trisomy) 이상의 빈도는 전체 대상 환자에서 35%(31/88)였으며, ACA 음성이면서 염색체 이상을 보인 군에서는 59% (23/37), ACA 양성이면서 염색체 이상을 보인 군에서는 62% (8/13)의 빈도를 보였으나 두 군간의 통계학적 차이는 없었다. 결론 : G형 항-카디오리핀 항체는 자가항체와 관련된 자연유산의 기전중 항-인지질 항체에 의한 태반 혈관의 혈전형성과 괴사에 영향을 주어 유전학적으로 정상 임신인데도 자연유산을 초래할 수 있다는 가능성을 암시해 주었다. 추후 연구에서는 항-카디오리핀 항체 양성인 환자에서 염색체 이상 유무에 따른 병리 조직학적 검사를 시행하여 태반 혈관의 손상 및 혈소판 응집, 국소적 혈전의 소견을 증명함으로써 본 연구 결과의 신빙성이 높아질 것으로 사료된다. Objective : It has been suggestes that various mechanism of fetal loss are associated with anticardiolipin(ACA) and humoral immunity in the patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion. Thus we have investigated the relationship between ACA and chromosomal anomaly to know the clinical impact of ACA to early fetal loss as comparing to the chromosomal anomaly in the patients of recurrent spontaneous abortions. Materials and Methods : Patients(n=88) with a history of recurrent spontaneous abortion (2 or more) between January 1, 1994 and June 30, 1999 were included in this study. Quantitative measurement of serum ACA was performed by ELISA and chromosomal analysis of chorionic villi obtained from aborted conceptuses was done by using standard G-banding technique. Results: The incidence rate of ACA positive was 27%(24/88) and that of chromosomal abnormality was 57%(50/88). The incidence rate of abnormal karyotype was 54% (13/24) in ACA positive. Among 24 ACA positive, 10 had IgG-ACA positive, 10 had IgM-ACA positive and 4 had both types of ACA. The incidence rate of chromosomal anomalies was 30% (3/10) in IgG-ACA positive, 90%(9/10) in IgM-ACA positive and there was significant difference between these two groups (p=0.02). The incidence rate of chromosomal trisomy was 59% (23/37) in ACA negative, 62% (8/13) in ACA positive and there was no significance between two groups. Conclusion : The significantly low incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in conceptal products of patients with IgG-ACA comparing that of patients with IgM-ACA suggests that this isotype of antibody have influence on the genesis of spontaneous abortions in genetically normal pregnancy. In further studies, additional trials are mandatory for obtaining a definitive conclusions about relationship between pathologic changes of conceptal products and pathophysiologic effects of IgG-ACA.

Study on Factors Degrading the Accuracy of Real Beam Modal Decomposition

최규홍,김영찬,윤영선,노영철,전창수 한국광학회 2021 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.5 No.2

Three factors that degrade the accuracy of modal decomposition are extensively studied using simulated and measured beams. These include a beam size mismatch, beam center mismatch, and signal-tonoise ratio of the images. The beam size and beam center are scanned using simulated noisy beams, and the result of the modal decomposition is compared with that of real beams. Based on the suggested procedure, error functions of approximately 1–4 × 10 –3 can be acquired for real beams. This study provides important information regarding the impact of the three factors on the practical modal decomposition and tolerances of a mismatch, helping estimate the achievable values of the error function in a real beam modal decomposition.

정지 위성 궤도의 평균 궤도 요소 1 : 궤도의 장반경, 이심률, 근지점 경도

최규홍,이정숙,박종옥,문인상 한국우주과학회 1989 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.6 No.2

자궁내막증을 갖는 불임환자에서 체외수정시술시 내과적 외과적 치료의 유용성

최규홍,김계현,강인수,이재훈,송지홍,유근재,송인옥,최범채,궁미경,양광문 대한산부인과학회 2000 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.43 No.3

목적: 자궁내막증을 갖는 불임환자에서 내과적 외과적 치료가 체외수정시술후 임신율을 높일 수 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법: 1995년 1월부터 1998년 12월간에 삼성제일병원 산부인과에 내원하여 자궁내막증만을 불임원인으로 진단되고 35세이하, 혈중 기저 난포자극호르몬농도가 10IU/ml이하인 불임여성중 내과적/외과적 치료후 1년동안 임신시도에 실패한 191명에서 단기 또는 장기 과배란 유도후 체외수정시술을 시행하여 배아이식이 취소된 18주기를 제외한 296주기를 연구대상으로 하였다. 내과적 치료는 다나졸 (danazole, 영풍, 한국) 600mg/일 을 4-6개월간 경구투여하였으며 간장장애가 발생한 경우 유사성선분비호르몬 (GnRh agonist, decapeptyl, Ferring, Germany)을 3.75mg/월 용량으로 잔여기간동안 근주 하였다. 자궁내막증의 병기는 1985년 미국불임학회에서 정한 바에 따랐다. 연구대상은 체외수정시술전 치료를 하지 않은 경우 그룹 1, 골반경수술을 시행한 경우 그룹 2, 내과적 치료를 한 경우 그룹 3, 내과적/외과적 병합치료를 한 경우 그룹 4로 하여 각 그룹간에 소요된 성선자극호르몬의 양, 획득된 난자수, 배아수 및 임신율간에 유의한 차이가 있는지 알아보았으며 DBSTAT Ver. 2.0을 사용하여 t 검정 및 카이제곱검정을 시행하여 p $lt; 0.05 인 경우 통계적으로 유의하다고 판정하였다. 결과: 평균연령 (±평균의 표준오차)은 각 그룹에서 31.5±0.3, 31.6±0.5, 31.5±0.2, 31.7±0.4였으며 평균 불임기간 (개월)은 각각 57.7±3.3, 64.5±4.8, 59.1±1.9, 52.0±3.7이었다. 임신 28주 이상의 생존 가능임신율은 12.5% (10/80), 13.5% (5/37), 14.3%(20/140), 30.8% (12/39)로 그룹4에서 가장 높았으며 (p=0.03) 소요된 성선자극호르몬의 양 (ampule)은 단기과배란요법에서 28.2±0.6 (평균±평균의 표준오차), 장기과배란요법에서 35.5±1.2로 장기과배란유도시 많은 양이 소요되었으나 (p$lt;0.0001) 생존가능임신율은 각각 16.1% (37/230), 14.5% (10/69)로 두 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론: 자궁내막증을 갖는 불임여성에서 체외수정시술전 내과적 외과적 치료는 체외수정시술후 임신율을 향상시킬 수 있는 유용한 방법이며 과배란 유도시에는 단기과배란유도가 유익하리라고 사료된다. Objective: The aim of study was to evaluate the efficacy of medical and/or laparoscopic surgical treatment for improvement of reproductive outcome of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) in the patients with endometriosis. Methods: 296 IVF-ET cycles except 18 cycles of cancelled embryo-transfer (unfertilization; 16 cycles, high risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome; 2 cycles) in 191 infertile women with endometriosis from January 1, 1995 to December 31, 1998 were included in this study. All women's ages were ≤ 35 and the factor for infetility was endometriosis only and day 3 follicle stumulating hormone (FSH) level of all the cycles was ≤ 10 mIU/ml in this study. All the baseline study about infertility was done before initiating treatment of infertility. The stage of endometriosis was recorded during diagnostic laparoscopy by WHO critera. Medical treatment (GnRH agonist or danazole) or laparoscopic surgery was done independently or combinedly by the physician's decision according to the disease entity and symptoms. Short or long protocols were used for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and 3 day embryos were transferred (maximally 4 embryos) by standard procedures in our institute. We classified the cases as 4 groups : group 1 (without pre-treatment, 80 cycles), goup 2 (laparoscopic surgery only, 37 cycles), group 3 (medication only, 140 cycles), group IV (combined pre-treatment, 39 cycles). Results: The mean age (years old, mean ± SEM) was 31.5 ± 0.3 (group 1), 31.6 ± 0.5 (group 2), 31.5 ± 0.2 (group 3), 31.7 ± 0.4 (group 4) respectively. The duration of infertility (months) was 57.7 ± 3.3, 64.5 ± 4.8, 59.1 ± 1.9, 52.0 ± 3.7 respectively among groups. The viable pregnancy rate (over 28 gestational weeks, VPR) was 12.5 % (10/80) in goup 1, 13.5 % (5/37) in goup 2, 14.3 % (20/140) in group 3, 30.8 % (12/39) in group 4 and there was statistically significant difference between group 1 and group 4 (P=0.03, Chi square test). The total used gonadotropins (ampules) for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation were 28.2 ± 0.6 (mean ±SEM) in short protocol group, 35.5± 1.2 in long protocol group and there was statistically significant difference(p$lt;0.0001,Chi square test). The viavle pregnancy rate(VPR) was 16.1%(37/230), 14.5%(10/69) respectively and there was no statistically significant difference. Conlusion: We concluded that combined pre-treatment(laparsoscopic surgery plus medical treatment)would be better than no treatmecnt for the increase of pregnancy nate after IVF-ET.

農業機械 主要 部品의 化學成分 分析硏究

崔圭洪 건국대학교 1998 學術誌 Vol.32 No.2

Chemical ingredients were analyzed in accordance with the major parts compared with Korean industrial standard to obtain data for bring up to material industry and not happen to fact of quality drop in Korean farm machinery. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1.In several major parts of farm machinery, the materials were exchanged to low grade from high grade. I think that the reason is cut down for production cost. 2.In the major pants used to rolled carbon steels and special purpose steels, there was used compatible as well as be unsuitable materials for Korean industrial standard in chemical ingredient. 3.In the major parts used to aluminium alloy die casting, steel tubes and casted steel for gings, almost chemical ingredient was suited to Korean industrial standard. 4.Chemical ingredients were almostly un-suitable to Korean industrial standard in the major parts used to alloy castings. 5.The kind of attachment working machinery, power sprayer, thresher, straw cutter used to unsuitable materials to Korean industrial standard in the major parts from manufactured to small maker. I think that urgent problem is quality rice of materials and upbring of material industry in order to stability supply of good quality material in Korean farm machinery.

무공화 위성 1호의 발사와 비행궤도

최규홍 한국우주과학회 1996 한국우주과학회보 Vol.5 No.1

로우터리 경운의 부하특성 및 소요동력에 관한 연구

최규홍,류관희 ( Kyu Hong Choi,Kwan Hee Ryu ) 한국농업기계학회 1984 바이오시스템공학 Vol.9 No.2

晋州 南江 流砂量 計算에 關한 硏究

崔圭洪 진주농과대학 1963 진주농과대학 연구논문집 Vol.- No.2

There are various damages caused by transported sediments carried by flowing water in the river. For example, the deposition of sediment on the river bed decreases the river cross-sectional area, and lead to inundation due to the retardation of flow during the flood period, and the deposition of sediment on the reservoir bottom decreases the storage capacity of the reservoir. Therefore, the rate of sediment transport should be considered in designing effective structures in rivers. Since sediment transport is mainly supplied by soils eroded in the drainage area, the amount of sediment transport mainly affects the rate of soil erosion in this area. The measurement of the rate of sediment transpors is necessary to determine the rate of soil erosion for its conservation. No direct method is known at the present time to determine the rate of sediment transport. The several formulas and methods, however, were established theoretically and empirically by some hydraulicians in this subject. Among some methods, theoretical or empirical, Einstein's method which is considered to be one of the most easily applicable methods and possible of acquiring comparatively accurate results was applied in this study. The sediment samples were taken from the bed of the Nam River in the vicinity of chinju city, Kyung Sang Namdo, Korea. The results obtained are as follows; (1) In order to estimate the average annual rate of sediment transport, experiments were carried out at the Nam River, a main tributary of the Nakdong River. (2) The sediment samples consist of 5.52 per cent of gravels larger than 2 millimeters in diameter and 94.48 per cent of sands ranging from 0.05 to 2 millimeters in diameter by the gradation analysis of grain size of sediment samples. Therefore, the value of d65 is equal to 1.03. (3) The geological structures of the drainage area were very simple. Most of them seemed to consist of layerers belonging to the Mesozoic Era. Rocks were sand stone, slate, gravel stone and shale etc. Forests located in the dranage area were devastated. (4) The annual average amount of soil eroded in the drainage asea was estimated to be about 12, 6327 cuqic meters, and that of per unit area was estimated at more than 50 cubic meters per square kilometer. (5) If reservoirs were constructed at the downstream of this river, an average of about 82,113 cubic meters of sediment would be deposited in the reservoir each year. (6) Thus, since the elevation of the river bed rises higher and the cross-sectional area of the river decreases, flood damages would be unavoidable. (7) Soil conservation projects are the only effective way to maintain the protective drainage area against the water flow in this Nam River area. (8) The investigations and studies of sediment transport in the various rivers in this country are very important problems, and the designs and construction works of hydraulic structures should take into account the rate of sediments based an scientifically obtained results.

우리 나라의 揚水機 및 水車 利用에 관한 史的 小考

崔圭洪 건국대학교 농과대학 연합학회 1967 건농 Vol.- No.1