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Statistical and methodological considerations for reporting RCTs in medical literature
이상석,강현 대한마취통증의학회 2015 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.68 No.2
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are known to provide the most reliable evidence on intervention. However, RCTsare often conducted and reported incompletely and inadequately, making readers and reviewers unable to judge the validityand reliability of the trials. In this article, we consider the statistical and methodological issues involved in reportingon RCTs, particularly in relation to the objectives, designs, and commencements of trials. This paper deals with the variousissues that should be considered in presenting RCTs, and suggests checklists for reporting on them. We expect thatthese checklists will remind readers and reviewers to evaluate manuscripts systematically and comprehensively, makingthose manuscripts more transparent and reliable.
What is the proper way to apply the multiple comparison test?
이상석,이동규 대한마취통증의학회 2018 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.71 No.5
Multiple comparisons tests (MCTs) are performed several times on the mean of experimental conditions. When the null hypothesis is rejected in a validation, MCTs are performed when certain experimental conditions have a statistically significant mean difference or there is a specific aspect between the group means. A problem occurs if the error rate increases while multiple hypothesis tests are performed simultaneously. Consequently, in an MCT, it is necessary to control the error rate to an appropriate level. In this paper, we discuss how to test multiple hypotheses simultaneously while limiting type I error rate, which is caused by α inflation. To choose the appropriate test, we must maintain the balance between statistical power and type I error rate. If the test is too conservative, a type I error is not likely to occur. However, concurrently, the test may have insufficient power resulted in increased probability of type II error occurrence. Most researchers may hope to find the best way of adjusting the type I error rate to discriminate the real differences between observed data without wasting too much statistical power. It is expected that this paper will help researchers understand the differences between MCTs and apply them appropriately.
광봉 또는 직접후두경을 이용한 기관삽관시 혈압상승과 삽관시간의 연관성
이상석,유병훈,이윤석,홍기혁,연준흠,우승훈 대한마취통증의학회 2007 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.52 No.6
Background: The intensity of stimulation of intubation was expressed as the product of its force and duration. Theoretically, use of a lightwand might cause less adrenergic stimulation because the elevation of the epiglottis by the laryngoscope blade was not required. However, whether the hemodynamic responses to intubation with the lightwand differ from those with direct laryngoscope was a controversial topic. Additionally, there has been no clear study showing that the hemodynamic response to intubation is affected by intubation time. This study was designed to analyze the relationship between the magnitude of hemodynamic responses and the intubation time. Methods: 50 ASA class 1, 2 elective surgical patients were randomly allocated into two groups; lightwand or direct laryngoscope group. Anesthesia was induced by a standardized technique. The changes in MAP and HR were recorded just before intubation, after intubation and 1 minute after intubation. Also the intubation time was recorded. Results: There were no differences in MAP, HR, and intubation time between the groups. The following was the final regression equation from multiple linear regression analysis : the degrees of blood pressure elevation = + 11.2239 (P = 0.0296) + 6.6331 (P = 0.0846) × (group) + 1.0400 (P = 0.0004) × (intubation time). Adjusted R2 is 0.84 (P < 0.05). Conclusions: There was a linear relation between the degree of blood pressure elevation and intubation time in direct laryngoscope group and lightwand group.