Antibacterial activity of Dioscorea batatas, Morus alba, and Tagetes erecta against E. coli and S. aureus

윤현서,박충무 대한의생명과학회 2023 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.29 No.3

In this study, the anti-bacterial activity of three medicinal herbs such as Dioscorea batatas, Morus alba, and Tagetes erecta, have been applied in oriental medicine against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The antibacterial activity of Dioscorea batatas ethanol extract (DBEE), Morus alba ethanol extract (MAEE), and Tagetes erecta ethanol extract (TEEE) was analyzed by disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays. As a result, three medicinal herbs exhibited antibacterial activity in a dose-dependent manner as well as MAEE and TEEE showed the most potent antibacterial activity followed by disk diffusion assay against E. coli and S. aureus, respectively. MIC against E. coli and S. aureus was 1.6 mg/mL of MAEE and TEEE as well as 0.2 mg/mL of TEEE. MBC against both strains was 5 mg/mL of DBEE and 2.5 mg/mL of TEEE. Consequently, three medicinal herbs in this study showed potent antibacterial activity through the inhibited growth of E. coli and S. aureus, which is considered as a potential candidate for cosmeceutic agents to attenuate the pruritus. In addition, antibacterial and antihistamine effects followed by the extraction solvents should be analyzed in future studies.

보육교사의 구강보건교육 및 칫솔질 지도에 따른 유아의 치면세균막 지수(QHI) 변화

윤현서,배수명,김혜진 국제차세대융합기술학회 2022 차세대융합기술학회논문지 Vol.6 No.1

본 연구는 보육교사의 주도적인 칫솔질 지도(칫솔질 교육, 칫솔질 지도)를 통해 유아의 치면세균막지수(Qugley-Hein indx) 변화를 살펴보고 구강건강 증진 방안을 모색하고자 시행하였다. 2020년 9월 8일부터 2021년 2월 18일까지 B시 D대학교 부설 어린이집 보육교사 4명과 원아 36명을 대상으로 보육교사의 주기적인 구강보건교육과 매일 점심 후 칫솔질 지도를 통해 치면세균막지수(Qugley-Hein indx)가 감소하는 것을 확인하였다. 전문가(치과위생사)의 보육교사 대상 구강보건교육으로 유아의 구강건강관리에 대한 관심과 필요성이 높아지는 긍정적인 효과를 확인하였으며 유아의 점심식사 후 칫솔질 지도를 통해 구강질환을 예방할 수 있는 긍정적인 효과를 확인하였다. 이를 통해 유아를 대상으로 구강관리를 좀 더 효율적으로 할 수 있는 보육교사의 교육 기회를 확대하고 관심을 유도할 수 방안이 모색되어져야 할 것이다. This study was conducted to examine changes in the Qugley-Hein indx of infants through the guidance of childcare teachers (tooth brushing education, brushing instruction) and to seek ways to improve oral health. From September 8, 2020 to February 18, 2021, the dental plaque index (Qugley-Hein indx) was confirmed to decrease. Oral health education for childcare teachers by experts (dental hygienists) confirmed the positive effect of increasing children's interest and need for oral health care. Confirmed. Through this, it is necessary to find ways to expand educational opportunities for childcare teachers who can do oral care more effectively for children and to induce interest.

Enhanced Antioxidative Potential by Silymarin Treatment through the Induction of Nrf2/MAPK Mediated HO-1 Signaling Pathway in RAW 264.7 Cells

윤현서,안현,박충무 한국생명과학회 2023 생명과학회지 Vol.33 No.10

Silymarin, which is derived from dried Silybum marianum (milk thistle) seeds and fruits, possesses various beneficial properties, such as hepatoprotective, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activity. This research aimed to explore the antioxidative activity of silymarin against oxidative stress and understand its molecular mechanism in RAW 264.7 cells. The study employed cell viability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation assays and western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that silymarin effectively reduced intracellular ROS levels induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in a dose-dependent manner without causing any cytotoxic effects. Moreover, silymarin treatment significantly upregulated the expression of heme oxygenase (HO)-1, a phase II enzyme known for its potent antioxidative activity. Additionally, silymarin treatment significantly induced the expression of nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor (Nrf) 2, a transcription factor responsible for regulating antioxidative enzymes, which was consistent with the upregulated HO-1 expression. To investigate the involvement of key signaling pathways in maintaining cellular redox homeostasis against oxidative stress, the phosphorylation status of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) was estimated by western blot analysis. The results showed that silymarin potently induced HO-1 expression, which was mediated by the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK. To further validate the antioxidative potential of silymarin-induced HO-1 expression, tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced oxidative damage was employed and attenuated by silymarin treatment, as identified by a selective inhibitor for each signaling molecule. In conclusion, silymarin robustly enhanced antioxidative activity by inducing HO-1 via the Nrf2/p38 MAPK signaling pathway in RAW 264.7 cells.

Huh7 간암세포에서 민들레 추출물의 상피간엽전환 억제를 통한 항전이 효과

윤현서,안현,박충무 대한통합의학회 2023 대한통합의학회지 Vol.11 No.3

Purpose : Epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) is recognized as an important cellular response in metastatic proceduresand characterized by loss of cellular polarity as well as gain of mesenchymal features, which enables migration and invasion. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common primary carcinomas in the liver and exhibits a poor prognosis due to frequent extrahepatic metastasis. Taraxacum officinale has been used for a long time in oriental medicine because of its various pharmacological activitiessuch as anti-rheumatic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and anticarcinogenic activities. In this study, the anti-metastatic activity of T. officinale water extract (TOWE) and ethanol extract (TOEE) was investigated through the regulation of EMT in the Huh7 cells. Methods : The effects of TOWE and TOEE on migratory and invasive activities were investigated by wound healing and in vitro invasion assays. Western blot analysis was also applied to analyze protein expression levels associated with EMT and their upstream transcription factors in Huh7 cells. Results : TOWE and TOEE treatment potently inhibited migration and invasion of Huh7 cells compared to the untreated group. Both extracts treatment inhibited protein expression levels of N-cadherin, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, and vimentin while E-cadherin was significantly accelerated. In addition, the activated status of transcription factors, Snail, nuclear factor (NF)-κB, and zinc finger E-box binding homeobox (ZEB)1 was also inhibited with statistical significance. In comparison to both extracts, TOEE more potently attenuated migration, invasion, and EMT markers as well as their transcription factors in Huh7 cells than TOWE, which means that TOEE might possess more functional phytochemicals than TOWE. Conclusion : Consequently, TOWE and TOEEattenuated metastatic activity of hepatocellular carcinoma through the regulation of EMT markers and their transcription factors in Huh7 cells, which means that T. officinale might be a promising strategy for a chemopreventive agent against HCC metastasis.

창원시와 함안군 지역주민들의 주관적 구강건강인식수준 조사

윤현서,Yoon, Hyun-Seo 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회 2018 한국학교지역보건교육학회지 Vol.19 No.1

The purpose of this study was to examine the levels of the subjective oral health awareness of local residents in the city of Changwon and Haman county in an effort to lay the foundation for the development of customized local oral health education programs. The 2015 community health survey data were used, and the data from 864 residents in Changwon and from 719 dwellers in Haman county were analyzed. The Changwon residents brushed their teeth after lunch more, received more oral checkups over the past year and had more scaling experience. The Haman residents had more experience of not receiving dental treatment. The subjective health awareness, subjective oral health awareness, chewing difficulty and periodontal health of the Haman dwellers were all worse, and all the levels of awareness were lower among the respondents who were older and who were diagnosed with hypertension and/or diabetes. The respondents who made use of dentures and who didn't brush their teeth after lunch had experience of not receiving dental treatment, and all the levels of health-related awareness were lower among the respondents who didn't receive dental checkups nor had scaling experience. To remedy the situation, efforts should be made to prevent and manage chronic diseases, and the establishment of a system that guarantees regular dental checkups and scaling is required. And the kind of environments that everybody can receive dental treatment when they want should be prepared. In order to change negative awareness, necessary measures should be taken to provide oral health education that is not temporary but sustainable and tailored to local characteristics and different life stages.

해양경찰의 주관적 건강관련 인식수준과 행복지수

윤현서 사단법인 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2017 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.7 No.5

The purpose of this study was to examine the awareness level of the maritime police, which is one of special occupations, about their own health and the relationship between their awareness level of health and quality of life. The subjects in this study were 499 selected police officers in four different regions. A survey was conducted for seven months from September, 2013, and the collected data were analyzed. The findings of the study were as follows: As for the most common oral symptom, the largest group(30.3%) replied their teeth smarted when they drank cold water or brushed their teeth. Subjective awareness level of health became lower with age(p<0.001), and oral discomfort became worse with age as well(p=0.017). Subjective health awareness(p<0.001) and oral health awareness(p=0.041) were better among the unmarried respondents, and the subjective health awareness and oral health awareness of the respondents whose period of service was longer were lower. The health level of the police constables was higher(p<0.001), and the respondents whose income ranged from 3.01 to 4 million won felt the most oral discomfort(p=0.008). When their happiness indexes of five items were added up, the happiness indexes of the college graduates were highest(p=0.033), and this happiness index was higher among the respondents who were male, who were in their 20s, who were married, whose period of service was one year or less and between 11 and 20 years, who were inspectors or of higher position and whose income was 5.01 million won or more. Concerning happiness index in another single item, that was higher among the respondents who were female, who were in their 40s, who received graduate-school education, whose period of service was between six and 10 years, who were inspectors or of higher position and whose income was 5.01 million won or more. Therefore the preparation of educational programs that aim at increasing subjective awareness level of health in special occupations is expected to be of use for the enhancement of the quality of life. 본 연구는 특수 직업군의 하나인 해양경찰을 대상으로 건강인식수준을 파악하고 건강인식수준에 따른 삶의 질을 알아보고자 2013년 9월부터 7개월 동안 4개 지역에 근무하는 경찰관 499명을 대상으로 최종 분석한 결과 다음과 같다. 치과정기검진에 따른 증후증상에서는“찬물 마시거나 이를 닦을 때 이가 시리다.”에서 30.3%로 가장 높았고, 연령이 증가할수록 주관적 건강인식수준(p<0.001)이 나빴으며, 구강내 불편감은 증가하는 추세였다(p=0.017). 미혼에서 주관적 건강(p<0.001)과 구강건강인식수준(p=0.041)이 높았고, 근무기간이 길어질수록 나빴으며, 순경에서 건강수준이 높았고(p<0.001), 301-400만원에서 구강 내 불편감을 가장 많이 느꼈다(p=0.008). 5문항 행복지수에서 대학졸업이 가장 높았고(p=0.033), 5문항 행복지수는 남자, 20대, 기혼, 근무기간 1년 이하와 11-20년, 경감이상, 501만원 이상으로 높았으며, 단일문항 행복지수는 여자, 40대, 대학원졸, 근무기간 6-10년, 경감이상, 501만원 이상으로 높았다. 따라서 특수직종에 맞는 주관적 건강인식수준을 개선하기 위한 교육프로그램이 마련됨으로써 삶의 질의 향상에 도움이 되리라 사료된다.

에센셜 오일 18종의 S.mutans, P. gingvalis, L.gasseri에 대한 항균능 분석

윤현서,박충무 대한통합의학회 2022 대한통합의학회지 Vol.10 No.4

Purpose : In recent years, essential oils have been produced using natural extracts for various uses. Their functionality is currently being tested not only for cosmetics and perfumes but also for other categories of products. Therefore, this study verified their antibacterial effects on S. mutans, P. gingivalis, and L. gasseri which are the representative strains that cause oral diseases. Methods : Eighteen types of natural essential oils were made at a concentration of 50 % (v/v) using Tween 20, and their antibacterial effects were verified by applying S. mutans, P. gingivalis, and L. gasseri. The antibacterial effects were measured with the disc diffusion method. All the experiments were repeated three times, and the mean value of three measurement values for each variable was used for data analysis. A one-way analysis of variance was conducted using these mean values. Results : Of the eighteen types of essential oils tested, sixteen types showed antibacterial effects on S. mutans, and sixteen and fifteen types exhibited antibacterial effects on P. gingivalis and L. gasseri respectively. The types of essential oils with high-level antibacterial activities were geranium, may chang, and bergamot for S. mutans, lemongrass, bergamot, and eucalyptus for P. gingivalis, and lemongrass, machan, and geranium for L. gasseri in order of antibacterial effect. This result was statistically significant (p<.001). In addition, in the case of mandarin oil, it was found that there was no antibacterial activity in all three strains. Conclusion : This study proved the antibacterial activities of essential oils, which are used for various purposes in daily life, against dental caries and periodontal diseases. The study results will likely be applied to different prevention programs for oral health and broadly used to develop products such as oral care items and dentifrices.

지역주민들의 보건교육(흡연, 음주, 영양)경험 유무에 따른 주관적 건강인식수준과 주관적 행복감

윤현서,박충무,전진호 대한통합의학회 2018 대한통합의학회지 Vol.6 No.4

Purpose : This study is based on the purpose of expanding health education to improve the subjective health of local residents and to improve their sense of happiness by identifying the relationship between health education experience and happiness. Method : T-test, one-way anova and correlation analysis were conducted in order to identify the levels of subjective health recognition and happiness followed by health education experience based on 2017 the Community Health Survey of Gyeongnam province. Result : The experience rate on non-smoking education, drinking education and nutrition education was high in all in case of dwelling in city area, of the lower age, of doing economic activity, of the high academic background, and of high income level. The subjective well-being was high in case of residing in county area, of the low age, of high terminal academic background, of doing economic activity, and of high income level. As for the subjective health awareness and the self-perceived oral health status, the recognition level was high in all in case of having the experience of non-smoking, drinking and nutrition educations. The subjective well-being was high in case of having the experience of non-smoking, drinking and nutrition educations. Conclusion : As a result of this study, the educations of targeting local residents are helpful even for enhancing quality of life in local residents without remaining in simply acquiring knowledge. Hence, arranging a place of public health education with diverse topics and expanding subjects are considered to be likely useful for upgrading local residents' quality of life. 본 연구는 2017년 경상남도 20개 시군을 대상으로 조사되어진 지역사회건강조사자료를 바탕으로 하여 지역주민들의 교육경험에 따른 주관적 건강인식수준과 주관적 행복감을 분석하여, 교육의 기회확대를 통한 건강에 대한 인식개선과 삶의 질 증진을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자한다. 금연교육, 음주교육, 영양교육에 대한 경험률은 모두 시 지역에 거주고하고, 연령이 낮을수록, 경제활동을 하고, 학력이 높고, 소득수준이 높은 경우 높았다. 주관적 행복감은 군 지역에 거주하고, 남자, 연령이 낮고, 최종학력이 높으며, 경제활동을 하고 소득수준이 높은 경우 행복감이 높았다. 주관적 건강인식과 주관적 구강건강인식에서는 금연, 음주, 영양교육 경험이 있는 경우 모두 인식수준이 높았다. 금연, 음주, 영양교육경험이 있는 경우 주관적 행복감이 높았다. 따라서 본 연구결과 지역주민을 대상으로 한 교육들은 단순한 지식습득에서 그치지 않고 지역주민들의 삶의 질 향상에도 도움이 되므로 다양한 주제로 보건교육의 장을 마련하고 대상을 확대한다면 지역주민들의 삶의 질 향상에 도움이 되리라 사료된다.

산약(Disocorea batatas) 에탄올추출물의 L. gasseri, S. mutans, P. gingivalis에 대한 항균능과 성장억제 효과

윤현서,박충무 대한통합의학회 2023 대한통합의학회지 Vol.11 No.2

Purpose : In this study, to prove the antibacterial effect of Disocorea batatas, which is widely used for food, and to confirm the growth inhibitory effect, the antibacterial activity against L. gasseri, S. mutans, and P. gingivalis was verified. Based on this, it is intended to verify the utility as a preventive and therapeutic composition for dental caries and periodontal disease. Methods : RAW 264.7 cells were used to verify the cell survival rate and NO (Nitric Oxide) inhibitory effect on Disocorea batatas ethanol extract (DBEE). In order to verify the antibacterial effect against L. gasseri, S. mutans, and P. gingivalis, concentrations of 125, 250, and 500 ㎎/㎖ of DBEE were used and measured by the disk diffusion method. In order to confirm the growth inhibitory effect, the absorbance was measured at 600 ㎚ at 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours using the liquid medium dilution method, and the growth inhibitory effect was measured compared to the control group. Results : The cell viability for DBEE was 91 % at 50 ㎎/㎖, and there was no cytotoxicity. The NO production inhibitory effect was shown from 10 μg/ml, and the higher the concentration, the greater the inhibitory effect. As for the antimicrobial effect using the disk diffusion method, the higher the concentration, the higher the antibacterial effect. At 125 ㎎/㎖ and 250 ㎎/㎖, S. mutans and L. gasseri showed high antimicrobial activity, and at 500 ㎎/㎖, the antibacterial effect was higher in L. gasseri. The growth inhibitory effect in DBEE was concentration-dependent as the higher the concentration, the higher the growth inhibitory effect, and all of them began to show growth inhibitory effects from 6 hours. Conclusion : Considering that it is widely used as an edible and medicinal material, Disocorea batatas has shown the potential to be used as a substance to prevent and alleviate dental caries and periodontal diseases, and it is believed that further research can be applied to oral health care products.

40세 이상 성인 한국인에서 한국형 식사염증지표 수준에 따른 당뇨병 발생률 및 당화혈색소 수준 변화 연구

윤현서,손진영,박윤정 한국영양학회 2022 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.55 No.2

Purpose: The present study examined the associations of Korean Food-based Index of Dietary Inflammatory Potential (FBDI) scores with the prevalence of diabetes and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level of diabetes patients in Korean adults. Methods: The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) Health Examinee baseline data, collected between 2004 and 2013 and followed up between 2012 and 2016, were used in our study. A total 56,391 participants including diabetes (n = 5,733) and non-diabetes (n = 50,658) were analyzed. The subjects were classified into quartiles of FBDI scores using the semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire developed for KoGES. The prevalence rate of diabetes under FBDI scores was assessed by Cox proportional risk models and the severity of the diabetes was analyzed by multiple regression analysis. Results: There were 775 incident cases of diabetes after a mean follow-up of 3.97 years. There was no statistically significant association between FBDI scores and incidence of diabetes. Among diabetes patients at baseline, FBDI scores were related to the risk of progression of diabetes which was represented by greater than 9% HbA1c (Q1 vs. Q4; odds ratio, 1.562 [95% confidence intervals, 1.13–2.15]; p for trend = 0.007). The stratified analysis showed a stronger association in females, irregular exercise group, and higher body mass index group. Conclusion: These results suggest that a pro-inflammatory diet is not associated with the incidence of diabetes but is related to the HbA1c level of diabetes patients. Thus, further longitudinal studies with longer periods are required to determine a relationship between dietary inflammatory index and diabetes in Korea.