Data on the Characteristics and the Survival of Korean Patients With Colorectal Cancer From the Korea Central Cancer Registry

박형철,신애선,김병우,정규원,원영주,오재환,정승용,유창식,이봉화 대한대장항문학회 2013 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.29 No.4

Purpose: The incidence rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Korea have been increasing during the past decade. Therefore, it is important to understand the characteristics, including survival, of Korean CRC patients. The aim of this study was to use the nationwide cancer registry to evaluate the characteristics of Korean CRC, focusing on the survival, according to tumor location, sex, and specific age groups. Methods: Using the Korea Central Cancer Registry (KCCR), we analyzed a total of 226,352 CRC cases diagnosed from 1993 to 2010. The five-year relative survivals were compared for the proximal colon, the distal colon, and the rectum. Survival rates were compared between men and women and between patients of young age (less than 40 years old) and patients of advanced age (70 years old or older). Results: The 5-year survival rates were improved in all subsites between 1993 and 2010. Distal colon cancer showed favorable survival compared to proximal colon or rectal cancer. Females demonstrated worse survival for local or regional cancers,and this difference was significant in for patients in their seventies. Young patients (<40 years old) showed better survival rates for overall and proximal colon cancer comparable to those for older patients (≥40 years old), but advanced age patients (≥70 years old) had worse survivals for all tumor subsites compared to their younger counterparts (<70 years old). These trends were similar in distant CRC. Conclusion: Korean CRC has certain distinct characteristics of survival according to tumor location, sex, and age. Despite the limitations of available data, this study contributes to a better understanding of survival differences in Korean CRC.

19세기 조선시대 목가구의 제작연유와 부분명칭에 관한 사례(事例)연구 : 장(欌)을 중심으로 Focusing on Cabinets

박형철,김희수 홍익대학교 산업디자인 연구소 2004 미술디자인 논문집 Vol.- No.9

Furniture has an important role of storage in a residential space from the past. In particular, the cultural change, from the Joseon's sitting style to the modern standing style, resulted in various kinds of storage furniture. This phenomenon has been accelerated to the present. Besides some exceptions, most of the wooden furniture from the Joseon dynasty is rarely found in our daily living space because the furniture is not well preserved as a result of the changes of residential environmentand the user's taste. In addition, the study resources about wooden furniture do not well remain either: the inheritance of the making process and the background of producing wooden furniture. This study is about cabinets, which is one of the most necessary furniture for living in the Joseon dynasty. The study had to limit the studying objects because there is wide variety of the wooden furniture and small number of them remained. As the research method written records were investigated at first then field researchwas done an actualextant cabinets to identify the background and the usage of each parts. Through the field research oral records, photos, actual measurements, and written information from inscriptions were collected and studied. This method was considered the most reasonable way for the reliability of information and for the convenience of comparative analysis in the given condition. Through the research two problematic situation were pointed out: first, the shared information about the traditional wooden furniture is mostly from the 19 th century in the Tate Joseon dynasty but it is regarded as a representative one of the whole period of the dynasty; secondly there is not clear standard or reference for the name and usage of the detail parts of the traditional wooden furniture. The present classifications vary depending an the results of the previous researches. The research results in collecting valuable information to study further in comparison with other previous researches; maker, time, name of each part, and written records about the producing process. The meaning of this study is to collect the fundamental information from the written records and field research, which would enable more comprehensive study about traditional wooden furniture of the 19th century. Furthermore this study may contribute to appreciate the value of Korean aesthetics in Korean furniture as well as in traditional wooden furniture.

연령에 따른 진동 자극과 전기 자극에 대한 외부 생식기의 감각 인지 역치값의 변화

박형철,박종윤,현재석 大韓泌尿器科學會 1999 Korean Journal of Urology Vol.40 No.8

벼의 small ubiquitin-like modifier E3 ligase, OsSIZ1 돌연변이체의 특성 분석

박형철,윤대진,구성철,김훈,최원균 한국식물생명공학회 2012 식물생명공학회지 Vol.39 No.4

Sumoylation is a reversible conjugation process that attaches the small ubiquitin modifier (SUMO) peptide to target proteins and regulates a wide variety of cellular functions in eucaryotes. As final step of the sumoylation,SUMO E3 ligases facilitate conjugation of SUMO to target proteins. To characterize the functions of the SUMO E3ligases in Oryza sativa, we isolated a single recessive rice SUMO E3 ligase, Ossiz1-2 mutant. In addition, we also confirmed the interaction between OsSIZ1/-2 and OsSUMO1,respectively, by using an Agrobacterium-based tobacco luciferase transient expression system. Ossiz1-2 mutant exhibited approximately 20% reduction in growth and developmental units compared with wild type. Especially,number of filled seeds and total seed weight were dramatically decreased in the Ossiz1-2 mutant rice. Thus, these results suggest that sumoylation by the OsSIZ1 as SUMO E3ligase plays an import 식물체에서 sumoylation 기작은 성장 및 발달에 중요한 기능을 수행할 것이다. 특히, SUMO E3 ligase는 SUMO 단백질을 목적 단백질로 전달해주는 마지막 단계의 sumoylation 기작 구성요소이며, 다양한 신호전달에 특이성을 나타내는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 벼에서 SUMO E3ligase, SIZ1 유전자에 T-DNA가 삽입된 Ossiz1-2 돌연변이 식물체를 분석하였다. 그리고, OsSIZ1 단백질이 OsSUMO1 단백질과 상호작용함으로써 OsSIZ1이 SUMO E3 ligase의 기능을 수행할 것으로 예측하였다. Ossiz1-2 돌연변이 식물체는 형태학적으로 발달과 성장의 다양한 부분에서 미성숙상태로 유지됨이 보였다. 특히, 야생형인 동진벼와 비교하여 초장의 성장 및 등숙율에서 상당히 낮은 정도를보여 주었다. 이와 같이, 벼에서 SUMO E3 ligase로써OsSIZ1 단백질의 생리학적인 기능은 성장과 발달 그리고, 수확량에 관여하는 단백질을 sumoylation 시키는 기작에서 역할을 수행할 것으로 사려된다.

저출생체중아의 출생과 산모의 제요인과의 연관성

박형철,박종,이윤지,문강,Park, Hyung-Cheol,Park, Jong,Lee, Youn-Ji,Moon, Gang 대한예방의학회 1991 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.24 No.3

This study was performed to identify the maternal risk factors for the low birth weight. During the period from February to June in 1991, the medical record review and questionnaire interview were conducted upon the 465 pregnant women who were admitted to and delivered a baby in 3 general hospitals and an obstetric hospital in Kwangju area. The health and other related information from women who bore the low birth weight infant was compared with those from women who bore the normal birth weight infant. The results obtained were as follows : 1. Maternal age, low body weight at term, illegitimate birth, and maintaining work activity during pregnancy were positively associated with low birth weight. 2. The positive association was revealed between low birth weight and the previous abortion, short gestational weeks, anemia, low maternal weight gain during pregnancy, the obstetric present illness and hypertension. 3. Some maternal working conditions were associated with low birth weight although statistically not significant. 4. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, gestational weeks and maternal weight gain during pregnancy were related with low birth weight.

Identification and Molecular Properties of SUMO-Binding Proteins in Arabidopsis

박형철,최원균,박희진,정미선,구윤덕,신길옥,정우식,김외연,김민갑,레이브레산,한스,이상열,윤대진 한국분자세포생물학회 2011 Molecules and cells Vol.32 No.2

Reversible conjugation of the small ubiquitin modifier (SUMO) peptide to proteins (SUMOylation) plays important roles in cellular processes in animals and yeasts. However, little is known about plant SUMO targets. To identify SUMO substrates in Arabidopsis and to probe for biological functions of SUMO proteins, we constructed 6xHis-3xFLAG fused AtSUMO1 (HFAtSUMO1) controlled by the CaMV35S promoter for transformation into Arabidopsis Col-0. After heat treatment, an increased sumoylation pattern was de-tected in the transgenic plants. SUMO1-modified proteins were selected after two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) image analysis and identified using matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). We identified 27 proteins involved in a variety of processes such as nucleic acid metabolism, signaling, metabolism, and including proteins of unknown functions. Binding and sumoylation patterns were confirmed independently. Surprisingly, MCM3 (At5G46280), a DNA replication licensing factor, only interacted with and became sumoylated by AtSUMO1, but not by SUMO1GG or AtSUMO3. The results suggest specific interactions between sumoylation targets and particular sumoylation enzymes.

보길도의 아침

박형철 문예운동사 1989 문예운동 Vol.- No.41

2012년 개정판 Beers criteria 를 통한 노인 부적절 약물의 처방 현황 및 빈도 분석에 관한 연구

박형철,장일영,오진선,조형우,이윤경,이영수,이은주 대한내과학회 2013 대한내과학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2013 No.1

연구배경: 미국 노인병 학회에서 노인의 안전한 약물 처방을 위해 2012년 개정판 Beers criteria를 발표하였다. 최신 근거를 반영한 개정판에는 노인에게 잠재적으로 부적절한 약물(potentially inappropriate medicine) 53종과 부적절한 상태 및 권고 수준까지 제시하고 있다. 그러나 현재까지 국내에서 보고된 몇몇 연구 결과들을 종합하면, amitriptyline, NSAID (ketololac), long-acting benzodiazepine (diazepam)이 가장 흔히 처방된 부적절 약물이었으나 모두 2002년 Beers criteria로 분석한 연구들이었고, 2012년 개정판 Beers criteria 를 이용한 현황 및 빈도 분석 연구는 없었다. 방법: 노인에게 부적절한 약물의 선정은 2012년 개정판 Beers criteria 에서 질병에 상관없이 주의해야 하는 약물 군으로 선정된 34개 성분으로 한정하였다. 2012년 5월부터 2013년 4월까지 서울 소재 3차 병원 외래에서 1회 이상 약물을 처방 받은 65세 이상 환자를 대상으로 후향적 연구를 시행하였고, 환자의 의무기록, 처방 받은 약제의 코드 분석을 통해 자료를 수집하여 빈도 분석하였다. 결과: 총 659,192명의 65세 이상 외래 환자가 분석되었다. 이 중 18,437명(2.83%)의 노인 환자가 1년간 적어 도 하나의 부적절 약물을 처방 받았고, 연구기간 내 총 88,660건의 부적절 약물 처방 행위가 발생하였다. 약제 별로는 clonazepam 3,892건(10.83%), ibuprofen 3,389건(9.43%), megesterol 3,315건(9.23%), amitriptyline 3,215건 (8.95%), Zolpidem 3,211건(8.94%) 등 의 순서로 처방 빈도가 많았다. 결론: 2012년 개정판 Beers criteria를 통해 흔히 처방되는 노인 부적절 약물의 종류와 빈도를 파악하였고, 이전 연구들의 결과와 비교해 볼 때 흔히 처방되는 약물의 우선순위의 차이를 확인하였다. 국내 노인을 대상으로 한 부적절한 약물 사용 빈도와 부작용에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요하겠다.

직접 분사식 가솔린 엔진용 고압 연료분사기의 개발[Ⅱ]

박형철,김미로,조남효 한국자동차공학회 2002 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2002 No.5_1

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한스 우르스 폰 발타살과 캐빈 밴후저의 드라마 이론에 나타나는 구원론에 관한 연구 - 두 드라마 이론의 요소들(elements)을 중심으로

박형철 장로회신학대학교 기독교사상과문화연구원 2012 장신논단 Vol.44 No.4

This study explores the soteriology in Hans Urs von Balthasar’s theo-drama and Kevin J. Vanhoozer’s drama of doctrine. Basically, two drama theories are expanded by salvation history and that narrative is composed of various elements. In this paper,after comparing, analyzing and summarizing two theories’ elements of Balthasar and of Vanhoozer, I am trying to synthesize both theories and newly develop those in the view of the soteriology. I am also trying to reconstruct and explain those elements:Core Elements(God, Jesus Christ and Bible(script)), Groud Element(world stage),Acting Subject Element(human actor). This explains two shapes of soteriology divided into salvation by faith and salvation by sanctification. It explains already accomplished salvation and not yet accomplished salvation through world stage(ground element)and human actor(acting subject element) because two elements have characters both fixed and changeable by the stages of salvation history. Bible-era is the past and the salvation was accomplished through Jesus Christ. That stage and actors’ role were fixed. But, the life in here and now is still processing and salvation by sanctification is also processing. This stage and actors’ role are changeable. This study suggests one whole soteriology that includes the concepts of sanctification and discipleship in postmodern-era through drama theory. 본 논고는 한스 우르스 폰 발타살(Hans Urs von Balthasar)의 신적-드라마(Theo-Drama)와 캐빈 밴후저(Kevin J. Vanhoozer)의 교리의 드라마(Drama of Doctrine)에 나타나는 구원론을 연구한다. 기본적으로, 두 드라마 이론은 구속사를 기반으로 전개되며 그 이야기는 다양한 요소들로 구성된다. 본 논고는 발타살과 밴후저의 두 이론의 ‘요소들’을 비교, 분석, 요약하고, 구원론의 관점에서 새롭게 종합하고 발전시키려는 시도를 한다. 필자는 그 요소들을 핵심 요소(하나님, 예수 그리스도, 성경), 기반 요소(세계 무대) 그리고 행위 주체 요소(인간 배우)로 재구성해서 설명하고, 이를 통해 일반적으로 믿음에 의한 구원과 성화에 의한 구원으로나뉘는 구원론의 두 양상을 함께 설명한다. 특별히, 기반 요소인 ‘세계 무대(world stage)’와 행위 주체 요소인 ‘인간 배우(human actor)’들의 역할을 통해 이미 이루어진 구원을 넘어서 아직 이루어지지 않은 구원을 설명하는데 이는 세계 무대와 인간 배우가 구속사의 ‘막(stage)’에 따라 고정적일 수도 가변적일 수도 있는 특징을가지기 때문이다. 성서 시대는 지나간 과거이고 예수 그리스도를 통한 구원은 ‘이미’ 이루어졌다. 그 무대와 배우들의 역할은 ‘고정된(fixed)’ 것이다. 하지만, 지금그리고 여기에서의 삶은 진행 중이며 성화를 통한 구원은 ‘아직’ 이루어지지 않았다. 이 무대와 배우들의 역할은 ‘가변적인(changeable)’ 것이다. 본 논고는 드라마이론을 통해 현 포스트모던 시대에 성화와 제자도의 개념을 포함하는 온전한 하나의 구원론을 제시하려 한다.