간호진단 신경망과 전문가시스템간의 효과 비교

김정애 대한의료정보학회 1998 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.4 No.1

A Development of High Power Activated Carbon Using the KOH Activation of Soft Carbon Series Cokes

김정애,박인수,서지혜,이정준 한국전기전자재료학회 2014 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.15 No.2

The process parameter in optimized KOH alkali activation of soft carbon series coke material in high purity was setwith DOE experiments design. The activated carbon was produced by performing the activation process based onthe set process parameters. The specific surface area was measured and pore size was analyzed by N2 absorptionmethod for the produced activated carbon. The surface functional group was analyzed by Boehm method and metalimpurities were analyzed by XRF method. The specific surface area was increased over 2,000 m2/g as the mixingratio of activation agent increased. The micro pores in 5~15 A and surface functional group under 0.4 meq/g wereobtained. The contents of the metal impurity in activated carbon which is the factor for reducing the electrochemicalcharacteristics was reduced less than 100 ppm through the cleansing process optimization. The electrochemicalcharacteristics of activated carbon in 38.5 F/g and 26.6 F/cc were checked through the impedance measuring withcyclic voltammetry scan rate in 50~300 mV/s and frequency in 10 mHz ~100 kHz. The activated carbon was made inthe optimized activation process conditions of activation time in 40 minutes, mixing ratio of activation agent in 4.5 : 1.0and heat treatment temperature over 650℃.

Protoplast-Mediated Transformation of the Filamentous Fungus Cladosporium phlei: Evidence of Tandem Repeats of the Integrative Transforming Vector

김정애,김정미,김환규,김범태,황기준,박승문,양문식,김대혁 한국식물병리학회 2009 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.25 No.2

To facilitate the genetic manipulation of Cladosporium phlei, a causal agent of leaf spot disease in timothy (Phleum pretense), protoplast-mediated transformation of C. phlei has been developed and the resulting transformants were characterized in this study. Hygromycin B resistance was applied as a dominant selection marker due to the sensitivity of C. phlei to this antibiotic. The transformation efficiency ranged from approximately 20-100 transformants per experiment. Southern blot analysis of stable transformants revealed that transformation occurred by way of stable integration of the vector DNA into the fungal chromosome. PCR analysis and plasmid rescuing of randomly selected transformants suggested that integration of tandem repeat copies of vector DNA was common. In addition, multiple integrations of the transforming vector at different chromosomal sites were also observed. The establishment of a transformation method for C. phlei facilitates strain improvement of this fungus and can be applied as an initial step in the molecular analysis of pigment production in this fungus.

감사위원회 및 이사회의 특성차이가 보수주의에 미치는 영향

김정애,최종서 한국회계정보학회 2006 회계정보연구 Vol.24 No.4

외환위기 이후 최근 몇 년 동안 감사위원회의 도입과 감사위원회 및 이사회의 제도 개선으로 우리나라 감사위원회와 이사회는 외형상으로 적지 않은 변화가 나타난 것으로 평가되고 있다. 그러나 감사위원회와 이사회의 특성차이가 회계정보의 보수주의 측면에 어떻게 영향을 미치는가에 대해서는 별로 알려지거나 조사된 바가 없고, 이와 관련된 체계적인 연구가 거의 전무한 실정이다. 그러므로 본 연구는 감사위원회 및 이사회의 특성변화와 회계정보의 질 간의 관계를 종합적으로 연구하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 감사위원회와 이사회의 특성차이와 회계의 보수주의 간의 관계를 고찰하여 감사위원회 및 이사회의 특성차이가 회계의 보수주의에 영향을 주는가를 실증적으로 분석하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 2000년부터 2004년까지 매년 말 증권거래소에 상장되어 있는 12월 결산 법인(금융업제외)을 대상으로 총 1950개 기업-년을 분석하였다. Basu(1997)의 역회귀분석방법을 이용하여 호재와 악재가 회계이익에 비대칭적으로 반영되는 가를 분석한 결과, 이사회의 사외이사가 많고, 회계 및 재무전문가를 선임하고, 활발한 활동을 하는 기업에서는 그렇지 못한 기업에 비하여 악재를 회계이익에 반영하는데 더 높은 민감도를 나타내었다. 감사위원회 특성차이는 기업에서 악재가 회계이익에 더 빨리 반영된다는 것과 관련성이 없으나, 이사회 특성차이는 기업의 악재에 대한 회계이익의 비대칭적인식과 관련성을 갖는다는 것이 밝혀졌다. This study examines the impact of the improved structures of audit committee and board of directors on the accounting conservatism as characterized by asymmetric timeliness in recognizing good versus bad news in accounting earnings. While prior studies examined the association between committees and discretionary accruals(Klein 2000, 2002; Lee and Lee 2003), or committees and its impact on firm value(La Porta et al. 1998, 1999, 2000; Shleifer and Vishny 1997; Vafeas 1999), this paper represents, to our knowledge, the only known Korean study delving into the empirical relations between committee characteristics and accounting conservatism. Using a sample of 1,950 firm-year observations over the period of 2000-2004, we conduct several regression analyses to investigate the potential relation between the level of conservatism and the level of improved governance structure measured by factor scores representing audit committee and board of director characteristics. The results of the analyses show that firms with an improved board committee, appear to be more conservative, in the sense of more timely recognition of bad news. This evidence is consistent with the fact that the structure of board of directors plays an important role in determining the attribute of the accounting information. In sum, improved structure of board of directors is associated with higher level of accounting conservatism.

CRM 기부 크기의 두 가지 역할 : 해석수준과 노스탤지어의 조절효과

김정애,유동호 한국전략마케팅학회 2023 마케팅논집 Vol.31 No.1

This study examined the effect of perception of donation size as perceived benefit and monetary sacrifice on the intention to participate in CRM according to the construal level of consumers. In addition, this study confirmed the effect of nostalgia to dilute the perceived monetary sacrifice according to donation size. As a result of Study 1, consumers with a high construal level perceived large donation size as a benefit, while consumers with a low construal level perceived large donation size as a monetary sacrifice. Also, when the donation size was large at the high construal level than at the low construal level, the intention to participate in CRM was high. However, this interaction effect was weakened when nostalgia was activated. That is, in nostalgia condition, large donation size was perceived as a benefit rather than a monetary sacrifice. Finally, the influence of donation size, construal level, and nostalgia on the intention to participate in CRM was mediated by perceived benefit and perceived monetary sacrifice. Also, study 2 confirmed the same result as study 1. The results of Study 1 and Study 2 have theoretical and practical implications. 본 연구는 소비자의 해석수준에 따라 기부 크기가 지각된 혜택과 금전적 희생으로 지각되는 것이CRM 참여의도에 미치는 효과를 살펴보았다. 또한 기부 크기를 금전적 희생으로 지각하는 것을 희석시키기 위한 노스탤지어의 효과를 확인하고자 연구 1과 연구 2를 진행하였다. 연구 1의 결과, 높은 해석수준을 가진 소비자는 기부 크기를 혜택으로 인식하는 반면 낮은 해석수준의 소비자는 기부 크기를금전적 희생으로 지각하였다. 또한 낮은 해석수준보다 높은 해석수준에서 기부 크기가 클 때, CRM 참여의도가 높았다. 그러나 이러한 상호작용 효과는 노스탤지어가 활성화되면 약화되었다. 즉, 노스탤지어가 활성화되면 기부 크기는 금전적 희생으로 지각되지 않고 혜택으로 지각되었다. 마지막으로 CRM 참여의도에 대한 기부 크기, 해석수준, 노스탤지어의 영향력은 지각된 혜택과 지각된 금전적 희생이매개하였다. 연구 2는 연구 1과 다른 방식으로 해석수준과 노스탤지어에 대한 처치를 하였고, 다른 제품을 제시하여 진행하였다. 연구 2의 결과는 연구 1과 동일하게 나타났다. 연구 1과 연구 2의 결과는이론적, 실무적 시사점을 지닌다.

A Phospholipase C-Dependent Intracellular Ca2+ Release Pathway Mediates the Capsaicin-Induced Apoptosis in HepG2 Human Hepatoma Cells

김정애,강영신,이용수 대한약학회 2005 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.28 No.1

The effect of capsaicin on apoptotic cell death was investigated in HepG2 human hepatoma cells. Capsaicin induced apoptosis in time- and dose-dependent manners. Capsaicin induced a rapid and sustained increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration, and BAPTA, an intracellular Ca2+ chelator, significantly inhibited capsaicin-induced apoptosis. The capsaicin-induced increase in the intracellular Ca2+ and apoptosis were not significantly affected by the extracellular Ca2+ chelation with EGTA, whereas blockers of intracellular Ca2+ release (dantrolene) and phospholipase C inhibitors, U-73122 and manoalide, profoundly reduced the capsaicin effects.Interestingly, treatment with the vanilloid receptor antagonist, capsazepine, did not inhibit either the increased capsaicin-induced Ca2+ or apoptosis. Collectively, these results suggest that the capsaicin-induced apoptosis in the HepG2 cells may result from the activation of a PLCdependent intracellular Ca2+ release pathway, and it is further suggested that capsaicin may be valuable for the therapeutic intervention of human hepatomas.

Effects of Nursing Education using a TBL on Self efficacy and Self Identity among Nursing students

김정애 국제문화기술진흥원 2017 International Journal of Advanced Culture Technolo Vol.5 No.2

This study investigated the effects of TBL nursing education(for the care of congestive heart failure patients) on self identity and self efficacy among nursing students. A one-group, pre-post design was utilized with 28 nursing students as the participants. The scenario of TBL nursing education was created based on PBL, and consisted of four states(1) Present a problem, (2) Problem Follow-Up Steps,(3) Present the results including presentation, and(4) Problem Conclusion and after resolution. And then In-depth interviews were conducted with volunteers on program experiences. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficients and paired t-tests and Giorgi phenomenology analysis method was performed. The TBL program was effective in self - efficacy and self - identity (p<0.01) increased significantly after the education intervention and The meaning of the TBL experience is four (meaning that the learners embarrassed TBL, aggressive learning attitude change, effective collaboration for problem solving in a free learning environment, university classes imagined in high school), and 67 sub-components appeared as an element. The TBL program is an effective teaching method for nursing education and it can be used as basic data for the development of nursing education based on this research.

Analysis of influential factors on respiratory symptoms of nail shop workers

김정애,김수민 국제문화기술진흥원 2017 International Journal of Advanced Culture Technolo Vol.5 No.3

Nail art is a kind of nail painting or decoration that adds to the beauty. Throughout making nail art, the worker was on a dusty operation with the smoothing of chemicals and nails. People working at nail shops not only use a variety of chemicals, but also experience a lot of fine powder during the process of nail trimmings. While drying the chemical adhesive, the workers often complain of eye, nose and throat discomfort. In addition, the acrylic brush is characterized by a lot of smell when washed with washing solution. Also nail art workers directly influence the worker's breathing through the work done by placing the guest's hands in a work space called a nail table. Chemical ingredients used in nail art procedures include acetone, ethyl acetic acid, toluene, butyl acetic acid, glue, and top coating of nail varnishes. Prolonged inhalation of these substances may cause dizziness, vomiting, as well as impaired respiratory system. The purpose of this study is to investigate the respiratory symptoms of nail shop workers who are likely to be affected by work in nail shop and to find out which factors have the greatest influence if they have respiratory symptoms. Therefore this study is to provide basic data on the health management system of people engaged in nail shop and to develop health education program. For this study, the data collection was collected on July 7, 2017 for the nail shop workers attending the nail art trend seminar held in Gwangju, in Korea. The data were all 236. However, except for the poor data, 208 data were used for the final analysis. The questionnaire consisted of 30 in general questions, questions about self-efficacy in 24 questions. elf-efficacy measuring tool developed by A.Y, Kim, I. Y, ark(2001). The self-efficacy questionnaire consists of 24 items and is self-reported 7-point Likert scale. The reliability of this tool was cronbach alpha =934.The collected data were analyzed using spss 18.0. Information of Research participant performed frequency analysis. To examine the effects of personal characteristics on self-efficacy, X2 analysis was conducted. And also X2 analysis was conducted to analyze the coughing symptom appearance according to individual and environmental factors. A hierarchical regression analysis was used to determine which of the personal and environmental factors influenced cough symptoms.

행정소송법은 행정법 발전에 있어서의 분수령인가?- 행정법과 행정소송간의 대칭관계에 대한 게시 -

김정애 전남대학교 법학연구소 2008 법학논총 Vol.28 No.1

The Cadaver experience of the nursing students

김정애,조의영 국제문화기술진흥원 2017 International Journal of Advanced Culture Technolo Vol.5 No.3

Anatomy is one of the basic subjects of the nursing course, which is included in the curriculum of the nursing. Anatomy is a basic course for understanding major in nursing and it is the first gateway to acquire expertise. It is mainly opened in nursing and first to second grades. Therefore, students who have advanced to the nursing department have great interest and expectation on the anatomy subjects. In general, nursing students are studying anatomy with theories and models, and some universities practice on tour after dissection of medical consortium for short time. This is called the Cadaver practice. This study was carried out to investigate the thoughts and experiences of bioethics through nursing students' Cadaver practice. The interview data were processed through the analysis and interpretation process using the phenomenological research method, Giorgi method. As a result, 48 semantic units were derived, and then they were divided into 10 subcomponents and divided into 6 categories. As a result of the analysis, the experience of nursing students' bioethics was tied to the topic of six questions. For example, ‘what about the respect and responsibility of nursing students in Cadaver?’, ‘What about your experience with the Cadaver experiment and bioethics?’, ‘What was the academic achievement of the actual human body structure viewing experience with cadaver?’, ‘What was the connection with theory?’, ‘What was your intention to recommend to others?’, ‘What was your perception and interest in the Cadaver experiment?’. Analyzes were integrated into 10 structures;「Thank you for your donation」,「want others to refuse donation」,「Burden of practice」, 「Good opportunities for learning」,「Understand better」,「Should study harder」,「Memory is better」, 「Compared to theory」,「Good experience」,「Want to rejoin」. The general structural description of the participants' meanings is summarized as follows. Nursing college students who participated in the Cadaver had a gratitude for the donor, but they said they would like to talk to others about donating organs. Before they went to practice, they felt a lot of pressure on the dissection of the cadaver, but they went to the practice and thought that it was a good opportunity to learn by doing well. Specifically, they understood that they had better understanding than the theoretical lesson, and that they were more eager to study their major through practice. In other words, most of them were more memorable and they would like to participate again if the opportunity comes next time. The results of this study show that the practice of Cadaver in nursing college students is very positive in terms of educational effectiveness. However, in terms of bioethics, it can be seen that the education process is somewhat unsatisfactory. Therefore, the systematic bioethics education should be prepared before the practice in the nursing college students' Cadaver practice.