부식제에 의한 상부 위장관 손상의 임상양상과 위험인자

김영신,최세민,김형민,윤준성,박규남,Kim, Young-Sin,Choi, Se-Min,Kim, Hyung-Min,Youn, Chun-Song,Park, Kyu-Nam 대한임상독성학회 2009 대한임상독성학회지 Vol.7 No.2

Purpose: Though caustic injury of the upper digestive tract can lead to severe sequelae, there are few clinical studies on this subject. This study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical characteristics, the endoscopic findings and the risk factors of the upper digestive lesions in patient with caustic ingestion injury. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 137 patients who ingested caustic materials and who visited to our emergency room from January, 2000 to June, 2009. Results: The most common ingested agent was sodium hypochlorite (44.5%), followed by acetic acid (19.7%), hydrochloric acid (11.7%) and lye (8.0%). Ingestion for suicidal attempt (62.0%) was more frequent than accidental ingestion (30.7%). Grade IIa injury was the most frequent finding on endoscopy of the esophagus and Grade 1 injury was the most frequent finding on endoscopy of the stomach. For the late sequelae, there were 9 cases (6.6%) of esophageal stricture and 2 cases (1.5%) of gastric outlet obstruction. The initial signs and symptoms did not correlate with the development of stricture, but leukocytosis, and grade III injury were related to the risk of developing stricture. Conclusion: Caustic injury of the upper gastrointestinal tract is frequently observed on early endoscopy and it can cause significant late sequelae such as stricture. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate these patients with regular follow up endoscopic examinations for the management of late sequelae.

사지에 발생한 혈관종의 수술적 치료 후 재발에 대한 분석

김영신,최희락,이준모,이형석,김정렬,Kim, Young-Sin,Choi, Hee-Lack,Lee, Jun-Mo,Lee, Hyung-Seok,Kim, Jung-Ryul 대한근골격종양학회 2010 대한골관절종양학회지 Vol.16 No.2

목적: 사지에 발생한 혈관종의 수술적 치료 후 재발에 대한 위험인자를 분석하고 체간에 발생한 경우와 비교분석 하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1998년 7월부터 2009년 9월까지 본원에서 사지의 혈관종을 치료받은 120예를 대상으로 하였고 같은 기간 체간에 발생하여 수술적 치료를 시행한 53예를 비교 군으로 하였다. 종양의 호발연령, 발생부위, 위치, 크기, 조직학적 형태를 분석하였고 로지스틱 회귀 분석을 통해 각각의 인자와 재발과의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 결과: 재발율은 사지에서 11.7%였고, 체간에서 9.4%였다. 재발의 위험 인자 중 호발 연령, 위치, 크기, 조직학적 형태에 따른 통계학적 의의는 없었다. 그러나 발생 부위가 통계학적으로 의미있는 결과를 보였으며(p=0.058), 특히 사지에서는 수부, 전완부, 족부등 말단부, 체간에서는 두경부에서 호발하였다. 결론: 사지에 발생한 혈관종에 대한 재발은 수부, 전완부, 족부와 같이 완전 절제가 어려운 부위에서 흔히 발생하였다. 따라서 혈관종의 수술적 치료시 완전절제가 이루어 지지 않았을 경우는 재발에 대한 주의 깊은 추시가 요구된다. Purpose: To analyse the risk factors for recurrence of hemangiomas in extremities after surgical treatment and to compare with those of trunk. Materials and Methods: 120 cases of hemangioma with surgical treatments from June 1998 to September 2009 were analysed. 53 cases with surgical treatment on trunk in the same period were set to be the control group. We analyze several factors: age, location, site, size, histologic types and correlation between recurrence and each risk factor using logistic regression analysis. Results: Recurrence rate was 11.7% in extremities and 9.4% in trunk. There were no correlation between recurrence and age, site, size, histologic type. But, there was stastically significant correlation between recurrence rate and location, especially hand, forearm, feet in extremities and head and neck in trunk. Conclusion: Recurrence after surgical treatment of hemangioma is highly prevalent in anatomical location such as, hand, foot and forearm those are difficult to achieve complete resection because of close to neurovascular structures. Careful observation should be needed owing to incomplete resection can occurs recurrence.

초등학교 컴퓨터 교과서 활용 현황 및 과제

김영신,조미헌,Kim, Young-Sin,Jo, Mi-Heon 한국정보교육학회 2006 정보교육학회논문지 Vol.10 No.2

Since the educational guideline on Information and Communication Technology(ICT) was announced, almost every school has taught about ICT during the discretionary classes. Although research on the computer curriculum and comparative studies on computer textbooks have been conducted, a study on the current status of the use of computer textbooks has not been carried out yet. On the basis of such needs, this study was conducted to investigate the current status of the use of computer textbooks in elementary schools(i.e. how teachers use computer textbooks in schools, and what teachers and students think about computer textbooks), and to suggest ideas to be considered in order to improve the quality of computer textbooks. The main finding of this study is that although most teachers use computer textbooks, the frequency of use is low and teachers use the textbook by revising or complementing its content. Also, most teachers respond negatively to some aspects of computer textbooks(i.e. level-based learning, reconstructional facility, systemicity, enhancement of exploring and creative ability, induction of interest, enhancement of self-directed learning, and assignments). In contrast with this result, students respond negatively only to the vocabularies used in computer textbooks. In addition, teachers showed significantly different responses according to their age and teaching experiences, and students demonstrated significantly different responses according to their gender and the frequency of the use of computer textbooks.

2-레그 3상 PWM 인버터의 출력전압에서 직류링크 리플전압의 영향 보상

金永信(Young-Sin Kim),李東椿(Dong-Choon Lee),석줄기(Jul-Ki Seok) 대한전기학회 2006 전기학회논문지 B Vol.55 No.1

In this paper, a simple scheme compensating for the effect of de-link ripple voltages on output voltage of two-leg and three-phase PWM inverters is proposed, where single-phase half-bridge PWM converter and two-leg inverter are used. The voltage at neutral point of the dc-link is controlled so that the upper-half of de-link voltage is equal to the lower-half voltage in average concept. However, the effect of the de-link ripple voltage results in the inverter output voltage and current distortion. This effect can be eliminated by introducing a compensation voltage in switching time calculation. Also, the inverter dead time should be compensated for sinusoidal output waveform. The proposed scheme has been verified by experimental results which were obtained from the V/F constant operation of the induction motor fed by two-leg inverter.

중국 귀주성 묘족 여자복식의 수회문양에 관한 연구

김영신(Young Sin Kim),홍정민(Jung Min Hong) 한국복식학회 2002 服飾 Vol.52 No.1

The Miaos have their own unique and luxurious culture traditional and modern formed as they have experienced repeated fusion into and resistance against the Han Race or the Chinese in their long and old history. Taijiang County of Guizhou Provice, in which they have been living, is endowed with natural beauty. Thus their culture enjoys abundant and diverse contents of artificial and natural character. Naturally, their costume reflects cultural and natural features in abundance and variety. This dissertation aims to investigate the artistic character of Miaos` traditional costume as reflected in patterns for their embroidery. As for the artistic character of the patterns for embroidery, the following were found. To begin with, the space in the Miaos` embroidery is, unlike the measurable three-dimensional space found in Greek art, unmeasurable and fantastic with its beauty, majesty and peculiarity. It is as if immersed in limitless space, they were in communion with gods and universe. Another characteristic is the use of image construction beyond mere imitation. Their mode of image construction was realistic in that patterns as a whole reveal an abstract form or meaning but separately they portray visual representations of concrete things in nature. Still another is that sense of motion conveyed by the basic curve line is full of life. It was the result of using light rhythm breaking stereotypic balance and symmetry. Finally, the colouring was abstract, and a strong contrast between black and white was gorgeous and fantastic.

2-leg 3상 PWM 인버터의 출력전압에서 직류링크 리플 전압의 영향 보상

김영신(Young-Sin Kim),이동춘(Dong-Choon Lee),석줄기(Jul-Ki Seok) 전력전자학회 2005 전력전자학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

In this paper, a compensation scheme for the effect of dc-link ripple voltages on output voltage of two-leg and three-phase PWM inverters is proposed, without which compensation scheme the three-phase output voltage and current are much distorted. The proposed scheme has been verified by experimental results.

日帝時期 在韓華僑(1910~1931)

김영신(Kim, Young-Sin) 인천대학교 인천학연구원 2005 인천학연구 Vol.4 No.-

Japanese annexation of Korea that degraded Korean into Japanese's colony impacted Chinese residing in Korea. Temporarily Chinese was reduced in Korea and experienced economical difficulties by Japanese annexation of Korea but the reason why they returned activity was that they were fundamentally economical immigrants. It is exactly confirmed through Chinese residing in Incheon, Korea. After opening of a port, the extension of Incheon's foreign trade which is positioned of the greatest harbor of Korean is closely related with Chinese merchants' activities. In 1912, Incheon harbor gave Busan harbor the greatest position in foreign trade. However, with geographic benefit, Incheon harbor continued to be in central position which was catched by other harbors in trading with Chinese. After Japanese annexation of Korea, the trading with China of the entire trading in import and export took 60 percents in sum and increased every year. As time went by, the rate that Incheon occupied was decreased gradually. When the social change happened like Japanese annexation of Korea and the big event of excluding the Chinese merchant in 1931, the Chinese area originated from Incheon was in fluctuations. Political event was immediately accompanied with fallen population, which was characteristic for society of Chinese merchants residing in Korea. The reason for immediate change was because it was easy to return to their country than other country of Asia. Even though it was past situation, geographical benefit of Incheon is immutable advantage in trading with China even now.

개항기 초상국(招商局)의 한국항로 개척과 한중 해상운송망

김영신 ( Kim¸ Young-sin ) 부경역사연구소 2021 지역과 역사 Vol.- No.48

수입품의 판매가격은 구매력과 직결되어 판로를 좌우한다. 유통과정의 단축과 운임의 절감을 통해 상품 원가를 어느 정도 하락시킬 수 있다. 그러므로 생산지나 집산지에서 직송하는 직무역이 절대적으로 유리하다. 개항 초 공히 중계무역을 통해 한국시장 진출을 노렸던 日商과 華商의 경쟁관계에서 운송망 확충은 무엇보다도 중요하였다. 화상이 단시간에 한국 무역시장에서 힘을 발휘할 수 있었던 것은 한국에서의 정치적, 경제적 세력 확대를 통해 그간 형식에 불과하였던 ‘종주권’을 강화하려는 중국 정부의 정책변화에 힘입은 바가 컸다. 중국 정부의 지원 아래 한중 간 해상운송망이 확충된 것은 화상의 상무진흥에 결정적으로 작용하였다. 한국의 내정과 외교에 깊숙이 개입하였던 袁世凱는 경제세력 확장에도 많은 관심을 기울였다. 그는 재임기간 화상의 정상적인 무역활동은 물론이고 ‘밀무역’까지도 방조하고 조장하는 등 화상의 경제활동에 유무형의 도움을 주었다. 화상의 경제진출지원 방면에서 가장 두드러지는 부분이 초상국 선박의 정기적인 한국운항을 성사시킨 것이다. 上海와 仁川을 잇는 해상운송망 확충은 화상의 무역활동을 이루는 근간이라는 경제적 의미를 지닌다. 한중항로는 운항 후 계속되는 적자에 한 차례 운항이 중단되기도 하였다. 그럼에도 항로를 재개설하고 적자상태에서도 유지한 것은 ‘상국으로서의 체면’을 중시한 李鴻章의 의지가 반영된 것이다. 이는 한중항로 개통과 유지가 정치적 의미까지 가지고 있었음을 보여주는 예이다. The selling price of imported goods is directly related to purchasing power and further decides the market. The product cost can be cut to some degree by shortening the distribution process and reducing freight charges. In that sense, the direct trade, by which goods are directly sent from the production area or the distribution center to the final destination, is absolutely advantageous in terms of price. The most important foundation in building a direct trade system which ensures direct transport of imported goods and direct transaction is the expansion of a transportation network where the distribution bases of goods are connected. In this regard, at the initial stage of overseas trade, the expansion of a transportation network was of the greatest importance in the competitive relationship between Japanese and Chinese merchants who aimed to enter the Korean market through intermediate trade. At the time of initial entry into the Korean market, Chinese merchants, who were late to enter the Korean market compared to Japanese merchants, were in a relatively unfavorable position in the aspect of transportation network. To overcome this challenge, Chénshutang in charge of Chinese trade with Korea actively promoted the operation of Chinese vessels led by the China Merchants Steam Navigation Company to Korea, under the broad support of Lǐ Hóngzhāng. Yuán Shìkǎi, who involved himself deeply in the internal affairs and diplomacy of Korea at that time, paid much attention even to the expansion of economic forces in Korea. During his reign, he gave tangible and intangible assistance in Chinese merchants' economic activities by not only promoting their normal trading activities but even neglecting or encouraging “smuggling”. The most noticeable part in his trading support for Chinese merchants would be that it was made possible for Chinese vessels operated by the China Merchants Steam Navigation Company to regularly navigate to Korean sea routes. The total volume of Korean-Chinese trade between 1883 and 1892 was just 0.01 to 0.25% of that of China's overseas trade during the same period. Korea was of little importance to China in terms of trade advancement. Nevertheless, the Chinese government was active in supporting the economic activities of Chinese merchants in Korea, with an intention of strengthening suzerainty through the improvement of economic strength and, at the same time, countering the Japanese forces. In some ways, the act of pioneering Korean sea routes seemed to stem from several political considerations, but it would certainly be a considerable help for the trading activities of Chinese merchants in Korea. At the end of the 19th century, when railroads were not built yet, the navigation of steamship as a new means of transportation and the regular operation of vessels were the absolute conditions for the development of overseas trade.

開港期(1883~1910) 仁川港의 對外交易과 華僑의 役割

김영신(Kim, Young-Sin) 인천대학교 인천학연구원 2003 인천학연구 Vol.2 No.1

Incheon port opened third following Busan and Wonsan was no more than a secluded fishing village in those days of opening a port. It has developed as the most important trade port in the central areas because of the characteristics of barrier of Capital. Right after opening a port, exclusive concession was established by Japan, and then China, stimulated by it, also hurried up the establishment of its own exclusive concession at Incheon. As a result of it, collective settlement was prepared for Chinese at Incheon in Apr., 1884, and it accommodated residence and trade for the Chinese merchant. Chinese merchant who promoted characteristics and advantages of Incheon port for opening nearest to China made Incheon a bridgehead for the advance into Korea, and took control of mass trade, in particular, the import market from Chinese as a key position there. Consequently, they made a contribution for developing Incheon to a cosmopolitan city with the increase of their economic profits in their own ways. Although the society of overseas Chinese in Korea that made Incheon a bridgehead made a late start which is compared with the one of Japan, Southeast Asia, Europe, and the American continents. For a time, they obtained excellent results in the foreign trade in Korea, and played in active part in there. Seeing the trade pattern of Chinese merchants through Incheon port in open port period, it could found the characteristics that their activity became prominent in the import market than the export market. That was a result that the characteristics of economy of both China and Korea in those days as they were. That is, Korea had no exportable goods especially except for the agricultural products, mineral products, and marine products yet. China had no importable products from Korea because China did not step into the modern industrialization either. On the other hand, woven goods like cotton, hemp cloth, and silks imported from China by the Chinese merchants was most important clothing for Korean, and they had large market in those days. The Chinese merchants who have monopolized almost all of import markets for these products that were cheap and had excellent quality, and made a large profit.

생명의 연속성 개념에서 학습 위계에 따른 수업 효과에 관한 연구

김영신(Young Sin Kim) 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 1994 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.4 No.1