다섯 가지 텍스트 해석 방법을 활용한 읽기 중심 교육 모형의 개발

김미란(Kim Mi-Ran) 한국리터러시학회 2012 리터러시 연구 Vol.- No.5

한국의 대학에서 이루어지는 글쓰기 교육은 읽기를 통한 쓰기가 중심을 차지하고 있다. 하지만 교육의 비중이 높은 데 반해 읽기-쓰기 교육을 위한 구체적인 모형은 다양하게 개발되어 있지 못한 것이 현실이다. 그중 쓰기 교육에 이바지할 수 있는 읽기 교육 모형의 개발은 아직 본격적으로 시도되지 못한 상황이다. 이것은 무엇보다도 쓰기 교육의 모형 개발이 시급했던 터라 읽기 교육 모형까지 고민할 수가 없었던 저간의 사정 때문일 것이다. 하지만 바로 그러한 점 때문에 글쓰기 수업에서 선택되는 읽기 교육의 수준은 낮은 편이다. 글쓰기 교수자들이 학생들에게 제공하는 텍스트의 수준은 높은 편이지만, 텍스트를 읽는 방법은 10여 년 전의 교육 방법과 크게 다르지 않다는 점에서 이 영역은 여전히 미답 상태에 놓여 있다. 그 점에서 읽기 교육 모형을 개발하는 것은 생각보다 시급한 과제이다. 한국의 대학 글쓰기가 해결해야 할 과제는 많지만 읽기 교육 모형의 개발은 더 이상 미룰 수 없는 중요한 과제인 것이다. 따라서 본고에서는 이를 개발하는데 중점을 두고자 하였고 이를 통해 대학 글쓰기 교육의 질적 발전에 이바지하고자 하였다. 그 점에서 본고에서 제시하는 읽기 교육 모형은 읽기 교육을 활성화시키는 데에만 목표가 한정되어 있지 않다. 이를 통해 ‘읽기를 통한 쓰기’ 혹은 ‘쓰기를 위한 읽기’ 교육을 발전시키는 데 기여하고자 하기 때문이다. 말하자면 본 연구는 쓰기 교육의 활성화를 최종 목표로 삼았다. 이러한 작업을 진행하기 위해 본고에서는 먼저 그 전제가 되는 이론을 제시하였다. 이론 없는 방법론은 토대가 허약할 수밖에 없기 때문이다. 하지만 국내에서는 읽기-쓰기 교육에 대한 연구가 충분히 진척되어 있지 못하기 때문에, 불가피하게 미국에서 이루어진 이론적 모색 과정과 그 결과를 반영하는 방식으로 글을 서술하였다. 구체적인 교육 프로그램을 제공을 위해서는 존 피터스가 개발한 텍스트 해석을 위한 다섯 가지 방법을 활용하였다. 정서적 관점, 윤리적 관점, 수사학적 관점, 논리적 관점, 사회적 관점이 그것이다. 그런데 읽기와 쓰기를 통합적으로 교육하는 것이 한국 대학에서 일반적으로 채택되는 방법이기 때문에 본고에서는 읽기 교육 모형 개발에 초점을 두기는 하되 읽기-쓰기 교육의 통합적 관점을 유지하면서 쓰기 교육과의 연계성을 살리는 방법을 제안하였다. In Korean academic writing, reading to writing is the most important teaching method. But concrete models for it are not developed sufficiently. Especially, models for reading education are not tried to develop so far. This is caused by the importance of developing the models for writing education. The matter must have been settled without delay. But that is why the level of reading education is not high. Although the level of reading texts which are offered by professors is high, teaching methods for reading are not changed for about 10 years. It means this area has been stalled for a long time. In that respect, developing the models for reading education is a most urgent task. Even if there are so many problems to solve for Korean academic writing, this is very important and urgent task we can t delay no more. Therefore in this paper, I place great importance on developing the models for reading education, and contribute to qualitative for growth Korean academic writing through it. For this purpose, I offered theories which are the premises of it. Methodology without no theory is very fragile. However in Korea, the study and research are not accumulated enough, inevitably in this paper, I introduced theories and methodologies for reading and writing by American scholars. Especially, to offer a concrete reading education, I used John peters’method. His method for reading education is very useful because it includes emotional, ethical, rhetorical, logical and social perspectives. But in Korean universities, it is common to adopt integrated education of reading to write, I proposed the method of reading education which is maintained the connection with writing education.

≪崔煒≫的敘事學研究

鍾慧賢 ( Zhong Huixian ) 고려대학교 중국학연구소 2021 中國學論叢 Vol.- No.74

The Narrative Research of “Cui Wei” is a work in Pei Chong's collection of novels “Legend” (novel)in the late Tang Dynasty. The narrative content of this work is intertwined and the plot is full of ups and downs. The real space and the surreal space intersect and the changes in the space scene are fascinating, The description of the two spaces of the human world and the underground world with white snake and fairies and ghosts can be said to be all-encompassing from which you can feel the author’s careful conception and outstanding imagination. The identity of the old woman that the protagonist Cui Wei met at the beginning of the story has always been in suspense and it was not revealed until the end and the author’s ingenuity can be seen even more. It can be said to be a very valuable work of narrative analysis. This article attempts to use narrative theories and methods to study this work comprehensively and systematically. This article mainly analyzes the text from four aspects-narrative perspective. narrative time, narrative space, narrative logic and characteristics. Through this analysis and research to find its narrative laws and patterns we can better understand this work.

소외된 인물의 아이러니와 이질적 교감

선주원 한국국어교육학회 2010 새국어교육 Vol.0 No.85

This paper had a premise that aesthetic property of Seong Seok Je's novelis the irony, examined how such a property figured in <Whang Man Geun talked this>. Specially, examined how exposed the vulgarity hidden in competing society of the capitalism making Whang Man Geun the other, and how exposed the Whang Man Geun's ambibalance by the heterogeneous sympathy with the narrator and Whang Man Geun, besides how that actualized postcolonial perspective. As a result of examination, First Whang Man Geun palyed a exposing role self discrepancy of the vulgar character, made the other by intermediate Mr. Min, and ironic narrative strategy worked on this. Second, intermediate narrator Mr. Min experienced disruption between an idea and the reality, had a heterogeneous sympathy with Whang Man Geun. It became a base producing irony commenting then the social conditions. Third, this novel gave the ground of reflection through what is a genuine farmer and commenting the contradictory life attitude of vulgar characters. Besides, shows postcolonial perspective passing present reality over essential reality. 이 글은 성석제 소설의 미학적 특성이 아이러니이다는 전제 하에, 그러한 특성이 <황만근은 이렇게 말했다>에 어떻게 형상화되어 있는지를 살펴보았다. 특히 황만근을 타자화하여 자본주의 경쟁 사회에 감추어진 속악성을 어떻게 드러내는지, 그리고 화자와 황만근의 이질적인 교감에 의해 황만근의 양가성이 어떻게 드러나는지, 나아가 그것이 탈식민주의적 관점을 어떻게 구체화하는지를 살펴보았다. 논의 결과, 첫째 황만근은 중도적 인물 민씨에 의해 타자화되어, 위악적인 인물들의 자기모순을 드러내는 역할을 하는데, 이에는 아이러니적 서사 전략이 작용하고 있다. 둘째, 중도적 인물인 민씨는 이념과 현실의 분열을 경험하면서, 황만근과의 이질적인 교감을 나누게 되고, 이는 당시의 세태를 비판하는 ‘아이러니’를 낳는 근거가 된다. 셋째, 이 소설은 황만근이 지닌 양가성을 통해 위악적인 인물들의 모순적인 삶의 태도에 대한 비판과 진정한 농민의 모습이 무엇인지에 대한 성찰의 계기를 제공하고 있다. 나아가 현상적인 현실을 넘어서 본질적 현실로 나아가고자 하는 탈식민주의적 관점을 보여주고 있다.

제도적 논리 관점에서의 인적자원관리

김영신(Youngshin Kim) 한국인문사회과학회 2018 현상과 인식 Vol.42 No.2

전통적으로 위계 논리에 기반한 가부장적 인적자원관리 관행을 실행하던 한국 기업들은 국내외 경쟁 환경의 변화를 겪으면서 시장 지향 인적자원관리나 공동체 지향 인적자원관리의 관행들을 도입하고 실행하고 있다. 거시적 인적자원관리 분야는 기업 내 인적자원관리 관행들의 일관성을 강조하고 있음에도 불구하고, 이러한 서로 다른 논리의 관행의 관계는 무엇인지, 그리고 어떻게 공존하고 있는지에 대해서는 구체적으로 다루어지지 않았다. 본 연구는 기업 내에 다수의 제도적 논리가 존재함을 인적자원관리 관행들을 통하여 나타내고자 한다. 특히 기업 내에 존재하는 위계, 시장, 공동체의 제도적 논리가 반영된 인적자원관리 관행이 어떤 양상으로 존재하는가에 대한 것이다. 이를 위하여 먼저 이론적 배경으로서 제도적 논리 관점에서의 시장 및 공동체 논리에 대해 살펴본 후, 인적자원관리 관행에 대한 설문조사결과를 바탕으로 군집분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 인적자원관리 내에 제도적 논리 공존방식으로는 시장기반 혼합형, 위계-공동체, 공동체-외부채용, 그리고 차등화의 네 개의 유형을 도출하였고, 이들은 모두 위계 또는 시장 논리 중 하나 이상의 논리가 높게 나타났으며, 차등화를 제외하고는 공동체 논리가 강하게 작용하고 있는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 세 가지 논리가 공존하는 방식에 대한 결과와 해석을 제시하였다. Korean firms that have traditionally managed paternalistic human resource management(HRM) have adopted and implemented market-oriented practices and community-oriented practices since the IMF economic crisis. This study deals with two questions. What institutional logics coexist in Korean firms’ HRM system? And what is the pattern of HRM practices following multiple institutional logics? Multiple institutional logics in HRM is hierarchy, market, and community logics. The relationship among these logics has both competitive and cooperative aspects. In this study, the type or pattern of selective coupling of HRM practices was identified through cluster analysis. As a result of analysis, four clusters were derived. That is hierarchy-community, community-external staffing, market-oriented hybrid, and pay differential. Based on the results, I suggest interpretation of coexistence pattern of HRM practices and implications for future research.

한국면방직공업의 자본축적(1947∼76년)에서의 정부개입의 역할에 관한 연구

김양화(Kim Yang-Hwa) 부산대학교 한국민족문화연구소 2009 한국민족문화 Vol.35 No.-

1947∼76년간에 전개된 한국면방직공업에서의 자본축적은 수입대체 시기와 수출산업화 시기로 나눠 파악할 수 있다. 두 시기 모두에서 강한 정부의 개입이 있었으며, 이것은 자본축적을 가속화하여 수입대체는 1956년에 달성되고 수출산업으로서의 자립화도 1973년에 달성되었다. 그리고 정부개입은 면방직공업 부문으로의 가치이전이나 면방직노동자들에게 낮은 노동분배율의 저임금체계를 강제한 것이었고, 그러한 의미에서 그것은 대중수탈적이고 노동착취적인 메커니즘을 통해 면방직공업의 자본축적에서 양호한 성과를 귀결시켰다. 정부개입에 관한 두 시기 간의 차이는 그 체계화의 정도에 있었다. 정부개입은 수출산업화 시기에 상대적으로 보다 정교하고 체계적이었던 것이다. 그러나 정부개입의 이러한 역할은 자본축적의 보편적 논리를 대체하는 것은 결코 아니다. 그것은 자본축적의 논리가 후발 자본주의 나라들에서 관철될 경우 특히 자본축적의 초창기에 나타나는 하나의 보편적 현상인 것이다. 이러한 관점에서 볼 때 개발독재론이나 발전국가론은 정부개입의 역할을 과도하게 절대화하여 중시하고 있는 셈이다. We can classify the industrialization in the Korean cotton textile industry(1947∼1976) into successive two phases; import-substituting(1947∼1962) and export-industrializing(1963∼1976). In both phases, Korean government forcefully intervened, and as a result, the industrialization was accelerated. And the industrialization led by state interventions was based on both the expropriation of the mass of the people and the exploitation of the labourers. In the phase of export-industrialization, state interventions was relatively more systematic and sophisticated. But this can be understood to be a universal phenomenon, which appears when the logic of capital accumulation develops in underdeveloped countries, particularly in the beginnings of their industrialization and cannot substitute the logic. Therefore we proclaim that the perspectives of developmental dictatorship and developmental state excessively emphasizes the role of state interventions in the capital accumulation.

The Validity of a Robinsonian Interpretation of the Nāgārjuna’s Logics of Catuṣkoṭi : Comparing Prasaṅga with Hegel’s Dialectics

김태수 인도철학회 2016 印度哲學 Vol.0 No.46

Kajiyama Yuich understands Nāgārjuna’s logics of catuṣkoṭi in terms of Hegelian Dialectics, while interpreting the negation formula of 4th koṭi in tetralemma as the religious truth of Madhyamika, which cannot be negated as an ultimate truth. And Richard Robinson also posits this proposition as dissolving the entire dr̥sti. Examining these approaches, this thesis argues against the dialectical interpretation of catuṣkoṭi with reference to its logical structure. For this, reference will also be made to Piṇgala and Candrakīrti’s commentary comparing them to Robinson’s and Kajiyama’s. Here, focus will be put on the aspect of ‘perspectives.’ Upon further examination, it was determined that a Hegelian dialectical approach is not plausible for interpreting Nāgārjuna’s logic, which is purely negative and skeptical in its character. And through reformulating the structure of catuṣkoṭi in terms of prasaṅga, this paper compares it with a dialectical formula to more clearly evaluate the implication of negative logic for catuṣkoṭi. Thereby, it was seen that Nāgārjuna has neither equated propositions on the basis of identity, nor postulated any hierarchy through classifying the grade of these koṭis. Accordingly, on the strength of various perspectives, any proposition in the catuṣkoṭi can be understood with logical clarity, without positing any metaphysical or dialectical interpretation. Further, the possible reconstruction of Nāgārjuna’s understanding of the tetralemma supports a semantic approach to truth, while revealing the absurdity of perceiving identity or causal relations as possessing intrinsic substance.

천잉전(陳映真)의 베트남전 서사 연구 ― <유월의 장미꽃(六月的玫瑰花)>과 <허 다거(賀大哥)>를 중심으로

李賢馥 ( Lee Hyunbok ) 중국어문연구회 2024 中國語文論叢 Vol.- No.116

The narrative of the subjugated can subvert the logic and perspective of the dominator. Chen Yingzhen(陳映真) in his works, Roses in June and Big Brother He attempted to disrupt the dominator’s logic through the narratives of the sacrificed. Psychiatric treament of Barney and big brother He, as subjugated individuals who have suffered from the ravages of war and discrimination, proved to be unsuccessful. Both dominator-imposed therapy, coercing the victim back to a state where the dominator’s logic prevails, and the subjugated’s own attempts at therapy, constructing their own logic and world, proved futile. The dominator seeks to control the subjugated by instilling the illusion that they can become like the dominator. Barney, anticipating a return to normalcy as a white American dominator, returns to Vietnam to participate in the battles that result in the killing of Vietnamese natives. However, both Vietnamese natives and he are synonymous in identity. So his death was a kind of symbolic suicide. However, Barney serves as a surrogate for the dominator, and big brother He is a manifestation of the dominator’s essence. In the narrative, true subjugated individuals like the Vietnamese peasants, Emile, etc can only dream within the perspectives of these proxies or part of the dominator. In this manner, Chen Yingzhen illustrates how the logic of the dominator is assimilated by the subjugated on a psychological level, leading to their multifaceted domination. Moreover, he noted that not escaping from that logic, the subjugated would be incapable of crafting their own narratives as autonomous subjects.

BEYOND A DYADIC VIEW ON VALUE CO-CREATION: A MULTI-ACTOR PERSPECTIVE FROM BUSINESS NETWORKING EVENTS

Vincent-Wayne Mitchell,Bodo B. Schlegelmilch,Sorina-Diana Mone 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2014 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2014 No.7

The events industry continues to grow and is estimated to be worth around 30 billion dollars yearly involving more than 50 million trips worldwide. MICE (meetings, incentives, conferencing, exhibitions) offer opportunities for business networking, business development and customer loyalty, and are used for internal company purposes as well as for external commercial gain. However, capturing the value of any given MICE appears difficult and relatively little is known about how customers engage in co-creation and there are few models or frameworks. Moreover, dyadic encounter and value from a provider perspective ignore the measurement of customer value in multi-actor service encounters. The research questions posed by this study were therefore: How do multi-actor service encounters differ from dyadic ones? Do current value frameworks capture all the value created in these encounters? And how can multi-actor service providers increase customer value? To address these questions, we embarked on a qualitative study with 35 actors (attendees, organizers, speakers) from networking events, using a service-dominant logic approach to conceptualizing customer perceived value from networking events. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first empirical studies to address the joint creation of value in service encounters characterised by multiple providers (provider network approach) and multiple customers (customer group approach) at the same time and studied from the perspectives of both sides. In answering our first research question of how do multi-actor service encounters different from dyadic ones, we first identify several characteristics that define multi-actor services and compare them to traditional one-to-one services. Our second research question asked whether current value taxonomies capture all the value created in these encounters and we conceptualised the dimensions of event value (social, professional, learning, emotional and hedonic), and show how these relate to existing value taxonomies, as well as highlighting professional value which is new and novel to event encounters. Thirdly, in answering how multi-actor service providers can increase customer value, we supplement previous research on customer value from the providers’ view by adding how the design and execution of service impacts customer value. From this managerial perspective, our study brings new perspectives for event management in understanding when and where value is created and therefore when and how it should be measured. In terms of assessing interaction and engagement, we have found that few practices are in place. We suggest that observation within an event setting could be complemented by video recording.

BEYOND A DYADIC VIEW ON VALUE CO-CREATION: A MULTI-ACTOR PERSPECTIVE FROM BUSINESS NETWORKING EVENTS

Vincent-Wayne Mitchell,Bodo B. Schlegelmilch,Sorina-Diana Mone 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2014 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2014 No.6

The events industry continues to grow and is estimated to be worth around 30 billion dollars yearly involving more than 50 million trips worldwide. MICE (meetings, incentives, conferencing, exhibitions) offer opportunities for business networking, business development and customer loyalty, and are used for internal company purposes as well as for external commercial gain. However, capturing the value of any given MICE appears difficult and relatively little is known about how customers engage in co-creation and there are few models or frameworks. Moreover, dyadic encounter and value from a provider perspective ignore the measurement of customer value in multi-actor service encounters. The research questions posed by this study were therefore: How do multi-actor service encounters differ from dyadic ones? Do current value frameworks capture all the value created in these encounters? And how can multi-actor service providers increase customer value? To address these questions, we embarked on a qualitative study with 35 actors (attendees, organizers, speakers) from networking events, using a service-dominant logic approach to conceptualizing customer perceived value from networking events. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first empirical studies to address the joint creation of value in service encounters characterised by multiple providers (provider network approach) and multiple customers (customer group approach) at the same time and studied from the perspectives of both sides. In answering our first research question of how do multi-actor service encounters different from dyadic ones, we first identify several characteristics that define multi-actor services and compare them to traditional one-to-one services. Our second research question asked whether current value taxonomies capture all the value created in these encounters and we conceptualised the dimensions of event value (social, professional, learning, emotional and hedonic), and show how these relate to existing value taxonomies, as well as highlighting professional value which is new and novel to event encounters. Thirdly, in answering how multi-actor service providers can increase customer value, we supplement previous research on customer value from the providers’ view by adding how the design and execution of service impacts customer value. From this managerial perspective, our study brings new perspectives for event management in understanding when and where value is created and therefore when and how it should be measured. In terms of assessing interaction and engagement, we have found that few practices are in place. We suggest that observation within an event setting could be complemented by video recording.

용수 사구 논리에 대한 로빈슨식 해석의 타당성 __귀류논법과 헤겔변증법의 대비를 중심으로__

김태수 ( Tae Soo Kim ) 인도철학회 2016 印度哲學 Vol.0 No.46

카지야마 유이치는 용수의 四句論理가 헤겔 변증법의 특성을 지니는 것으로 보고, 4번째 구(4句)의 부정 형식을 승의제로서 더 이상 부정될 수 없는 중관의 종교적 진리로 제시한다. 로빈슨 또한 4句를 제 견해를 종식시킬 수 있는 명제로 상정한다. 이러한 해석에 대해, 본 논문에서는 용수가 사용한 사구 논리구조에 변증법을 적용하는 점은 타당하지 않음을 제시했다. 종합적검토를 위해, 청목과 월칭의 주석 또한 참조했다. 다만, 로빈슨ㆍ카지야마의 해석과 달리, 무자성에 기반한 관점의 차이에 주목하는 해석방법을 취했다. 이로써, 부정과 회의의 방식을 사용하는 용수 논리와 헤겔 변증법의 차별성을 드러내고자 했다. 나아가, 귀류논증 방식에 따라 사구부정의 논리구조를 재해석 함으로써, 변증법과 대별되는 용수의 부정 논법에 담긴 함의를 의미론적 맥락에서 추정해 보았다. 무자성 공의 함의를 드러내기 위해 상이한 관점을 활용한 용수는 각 구들이 동일성을 지닌 것으로 보지 않았을 뿐 아니라, 각 구들 사이의 수직적 위계를 설정하지도 않았다. 이로써, 사구 안의 어떤 명제 또한 형이상학이나 변증법적 해석을 상정하지 않고도 논리적 명증성을 갖고 이해할 수 있다. 즉, 사구에 대한 용수의 부정은 동일성을 지닌 실체가 존재한다거나, 연기적 조건이 자성을 지닌 것으로 오인하는 무지를 드러내기 위한 방편적 함의를 지닌 것으로 이해할 수 있는 것이다. Kajiyama Yuich understands Nagarjuna’s logics of catuskoti in terms of Hegelian Dialectics, while interpreting the negation formula of 4th koti in tetralemma as the religious truth of Madhyamika, which cannot be negated as an ultimate truth. And Richard Robinson also posits this proposition as dissolving the entire drrsti. Examining these approaches, this thesis argues against the dialectical interpretation of catuskoti with reference to its logical structure. For this, reference will also be made to Pingala and Candrakirti’s commentary comparing them to Robinson’s and Kajiyama’s. Here, focus will be put on the aspect of ‘perspectives.’ Upon further examination, it was determined that a Hegelian dialectical approach is not plausible for interpreting Nagarjuna’s logic, which is purely negative and skeptical in its character. And through reformulating the structure of catuskoti in terms of prasanga, this paper compares it with a dialectical formula to more clearly evaluate the implication of negative logic for catuskoti. Thereby, it was seen that Nagarjuna has neither equated propositions on the basis of identity, nor postulated any hierarchy through classifying the grade of these kotis. Accordingly, on the strength of various perspectives, any proposition in the catuskoti can be understood with logical clarity, without positing any metaphysical or dialectical interpretation. Further, the possible reconstruction of Nagarjuna’s understanding of the tetralemma supports a semantic approach to truth, whilerevealing the absurdity of perceiving identity or causal relations as possessing intrinsic substance.