바이오 황의 노지 감귤 검은점무늬병 및 귤응애에 대한 효과

오명협,박원표,현해남 한국환경과학회 2020 한국환경과학회지 Vol.29 No.10

In this study, we investigated the effects of the eco-friendly chemical bio-sulfur, on the citrus melanose-causing pathogen, Diaporthe citri, and on the pest, Panonychus citri. In an open field experiment with a plot-scale application of the chemicals: Mancozeb, lime sulfur, lime sulfur + machine oil, and bio-sulfur, the control group showed 70.6% disease severity compared with 10.3% for the Mancozeb-treated group. Among the eco-friendly treatments, disease severity was the lowest for the group treated with lime sulfur + machine oil (32.2%) and was 53.9%, 58.8%, and 58.1% following treatment with lime sulfur, and bio-sulfur diluted 500 and 1000 times, respectively. The proportion of diseased fruit showed similar results, suggesting that bio-sulfur is an effective alternative to lime sulfur. Three days after treatment acaricidal effects on P. citri showed a 197.6% control survival rate whereas the machine oil, and bio-sulfur diluted 500 and 1000 times treatments showed rates of 2.9%, 5.8%, and 9.0%, respectively. After three days, the control value for bio-sulfur diluted 1000 times was 73.2% compared with the values for the machine oil (96.4%) and bio-sulfur diluted 500 times (94.6%) treatments. Therefore, we suggest that additional research is needed on the combined application of bio-sulfur and oils to enhance the additive control effect on citrus melanose and Panonychus citri.

단보 : 석회유황합제가 배나무 낙엽의 진균 다양성 변화에 미치는 영향

민광현 ( Kwang Hyun Min ),송장훈 ( Jang Hoon Song ),조백호 ( Baik Ho Cho ),양광열 ( Kwang Yeol Yang ) 한국균학회 2015 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.43 No.4

This study was conducted to examine changes in the fungal community on fallen leaves of pear by treatment with lime sulfur. Although the lime sulfur could reduce the primary inoculum of several pathogens on spring season, the effect of lime sulfur has not been well determined scientifically. Fallen leaves infected by pear diseases in pear orchards in Naju were collected and treated with lime sulfur or water as a control. To determine the fungal diversity from each treatment, rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions were analyzed after extraction of fungal genomic DNA from lime sulfur-treated or water-treated fallen leaves, respectively. The most common fungal species were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota in both treated leaves. However, the population dynamics of several fungal species including Alternari sp., Cladosporium sp., and Phomopsis sp., which are known as pear pathogens for skin sooty dapple disease, were quite different from each treated leaves. These results indicated that lime sulfur treatment led to changes of fungal communities on pear fallen leaves and could be applicable as a dormant spray.

Sensitivities of Entomopathogenic Fungus Aschersonia aleyrodis to Bordeaux Mixtures and Lime Sulfur

Sang Soo Oh,Jeong Heub Song,Soon Yeong Hong,Shin Chan Lee,Seong Keun Kang 한국응용곤충학회 2011 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.10

Aschersonia aleyrodis was well-known to be a biological control agent for citrus whitefly, Dialeurodes citri. This entomopathogenic fungus is naturally occurred in organic farming citrus orchards in Jeju. Both lime-sulfur and Bordeaux mixtures are extensively used today to control citrus diseases like citrus melanose and citrus scab, especially in organic farming pest management program. The high concentrated lime-sulfur is also used for pest control such as pink citrus rust mite and scale insects. This study was focused to test the conidial germination and sporulation of Aschersonia aleyrodis on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium containing different concentrations of two fungicides. The conidia of Aschersonia aleyrodis grown on PDA mixed with commercial bordeaux mixtures, CM150-505, at dilution rate 1:200 (water : bordeaux mixture) were well-germinated but not sporulated at all. On the other hand, Aschersonia aleyrodis did not sporulate and germinate on lime sulfur treated PDA medium even at extremely low dilution rate 1:2,048,000 (water : lime sulfur). However, when the mycelial cells grown at 25o C for at least 7 days at soluble starch-tryptone medium were added to PDA, they were well-sporulated even at high dilution rate 1:100 (water : lime sulfur). This result suggested that the spore mixtures of Aschersonia aleyrodis should be applied to field quite long after lime-sulfur spray.

온탕침지법과 석회유황합제 처리가 유기농 밀 종자의 발아와 소독효과 미치는 영향 평가

김민정,박원성,심창기,이재형 한국작물학회 2023 한국작물학회지 Vol.68 No.4

This study aimed to estimate optimal treatment for enhancing the germination rate and disinfections effect of organic wheat varieties, Jokyung, Geumgang, Saegumgang, and Baekgang using hot water treatment and lime sulfur mixture. Before disinfection, the germination rates of the seeds averaged 86.3±2.5% to 87.5±2.9%, while the infection levels caused by fungi and bacteria were observed to be 22.5±2.9% to 38.3±2.5% and 18.8±4.8% to 23.8±2.5%, respectively. The germination rates of four wheat varieties under hot water treatments were either the same or higher compared to untreated seeds. As the temperature and treatment time of hot water treatment increased, the contamination levels of fungi and bacteria decreased. The optimal hot water treatment for the seeds was observed at 55℃ for 10 minutes, resulting in germination rates averaging 90.0±0.0% to 97.5±2.9%, which were either the same or higher than untreated seeds. The disinfection effectiveness against fungi and bacteria was high, averaging 83.3~93.5% and 100%, respectively. Additionally, an investigation was conducted on the germination rates and microbial disinfection efficacy of 0.2% and 0.4% lime-sulfur mixture with varying treatment times, 3 to10 minutes for each wheat variety. As the treatment time elapsed, no significant differences in germination rates were observed among four wheat varieties. However, the germination rates were higher compared to the untreated group (86.3~87.5%), and the optimal treatment time was found to be 7 minutes or 10 minutes, resulting in an average reduction of 90.0~96.0% in contamination levels of fungi and bacteria. Therefore, the germination rates and disinfection effects varied depending on the treatment conditions of hot water treatment and lime-sulfur mixture applied for the disinfection of the four varieties of organic wheat seeds. However, it is considered that treating the seeds with hot water treatment at 55℃ for 10 minutes or with 0.2% or 0.4% lime-sulfur compound for 10 minutes enhances germination rates and reduces the contamination rate of fungi and bacteria compared to untreated seeds. Thus, these environmentally friendly seed disinfection technologies are likely to be highly useful in agricultural fields.

Comparative Calcium Sulfate precipitation and Environmental Impacts on Using Three Limes: Calcium Hydroxide, Calcium Carbonate, and Calcium Oxide

Kanokporn INTANG,Nawaporn KAEWPAN,Sutha KHAODHIAR,Ampira CHAROESAENG,Chodchanok ATTAPHONG 대한환경공학회 2019 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2019 No.-

석회유황합제를 이용한 배나무 검은별무늬병과 붉은별무늬병의친환경 방제

차주훈,김경희,최으뜸,송장훈,고영진 한국식물병리학회 2018 식물병연구 Vol.24 No.1

Pear scab and rust are the major diseases causing severe epidemics in organic cultivation of pear trees. Incidences of pear scab and rust were compared in organically managed plots and conventionally managed plots to obtain optimum application schedule of environment-friendly control agents in organically managed plots. Organically cultural practice with 10 time-applications of lime sulfur and Bordeaux mixture showed higher than 40% of control efficacies of pear scab and rust compared to conventionally cultural practice. Organically cultural practice with 8 time-applications of lime sulfur considering weather condition showed higher than 30% of control efficacies of pear scab compared to conventionally cultural practice. The results suggest that proper application of environment-friendly control agents such as lime sulfur considering weather condition will enable effective control of the major diseases for organic cultivation of pear. 배를 유기재배하는 과원에서 문제가 되는 주요 병을 효과적으로 방제할 수 있는 친환경유기농자재 살포프로그램을 도출하기 위하여 친환경유기농자재 살포에 따른 검은별무늬병과붉은별무늬병에 대한 방제효과를 관행재배와 비교 검정하였다. 석회유황합제와 석회보르도액을 10회 살포한 친환경방제구에서는 관행재배과원에 비해서 잎에 발생하는 검은별무늬병과 붉은별무늬병에 대해 40% 이상의 방제효과를 증대시켰다. 석회유황합제만을 기상조건을 고려하여 강우 전후에 8회 살포한 친환경방제구에서도 관행재배과원에 비해서 과실에 발생하는 검은별무늬병에 대해 30% 이상의 방제효과를 증대시켰다. 배 유기재배시 기상조건을 고려하여 친환경유기농자재 살포시기를 조절하는 친환경방제로 주요 병의 효율적 관리가 가능하리라 전망된다.

배 신고의 생육기에 나타나는 과피얼룩과의 발생 요인

문병우 ( Byung Woo Moon ),남기웅 ( Ki Woong Nam ),문영지 ( Young Ji Moon ) 한국환경농학회 2014 한국환경농학회지 Vol.33 No.3

fruit skin stain results in serious damages to pear fruit. Particularly susceptible to this damage, ‘Niitaka’ pearaccounts for 82% of pear cultivation in Korea and manyfarmers growing the pear trees have suffered economiclosses due to fruit skin stain. This study investigated theeffect of different treatments of ‘Niitaka’ pear duringgrowing period on the occurrence of fruit skin stain. METHODS AND RESULTS: The treatments in the fieldincluded gibberellin (GA) paste, spraying with amino acidtree fertilizer, functional bagging, and coating of the innerpaper bag with agents. The relationships between tree vigor,mineral nutrition concentration and fruit skin stainoccurrence were also investigated. The fruit skin stainsymptoms occurred from young fruit (May 25) until harvest. There was no exposed fruit flesh. The occurrence of fruitskin stain was significantly reduced in normal tree (shootlength 110 cm), as well as using GA paste treatment, andbagging in calcium and lime sulfur coated bags. However,spraying with amino acid tree fertilizer made no differencein comparison to control. In addition, bags in which theinner paper was coated with lime sulfur and soybean oilresulted in chemical injury to the fruit skin caused bybagging. The K concentration of shoot wood and fruit skinwere higher than those of the control. Also, there were lowerT-N, K concentration of leaf. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that occurrence offruit skin stain in ‘Niitaka’ pear fruits during the growingperiod can be reduced by GA paste and bagging in calciumand lime sulfur coated bags. The symptoms of chemicalinjury to the fruit skin caused by bagging in lime sulfur andsoybean oil coated inner paper were different compared toskin stain occurring in fruit during the growing period.

친환경 육묘시 세 가지 박과채소의 흰가루병에 대한친환경 제제의 방제효과

여경환,장윤아,김수,엄영철,이상규,이한철 (사) 한국생물환경조절학회 2013 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.22 No.4

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the control efficacy of major environment-friendly control agents against powdery mildew, as affected by the application condition such as disease-developing stage and microclimate,as compared with the efficacy of pesticides in plug seedling of three Cucurbitaceae vegetables, including cucumber, melon, and oriental melon. Single or combined application of major six environment-friendly control agents was used in the experiment: two biofungicide (Ampelomyces quisqualis 94013 and Bacillus subtilis Y1336),two plant extracts (neem oil and extracts of Rheum undulatum), and two mineral materials (wettable sulfur powder and lime bordeaux mixture). These control agents were treated to the plug seedlings for preventing powdery mildew and curative applications for managing powdery mildew. In all treatments, the disease incidence declined as daily average temperatures increased to 30oC for consecutive 6~8 days with maximum temperature over 40oC. In preventative application, the control efficacy against powdery mildew was the highest in the treatment of wettable sulfur powder, and lowest in the B. subtilis Y1336, with values of 20~40%. In cucumber seedlings, the preventive single application of neem oil or wettable sulfur powder was more effective than curative application of fungicides, while the control efficacy of these agents was similar to those of fungicides in melon seedlings. The single application of R. undulatum extracts was also effective in preventing the disease for both cucumber and melon seedlings, showing a higher control efficacy than those of biofungicides during seedling stage. The treatment of water spray was not effective and showed a higher disease incidence than the untreated control plot in the oriental melon and melon seedlings. The curative application with environment friendly control agents, after powdery mildew was first detected, could not successfully controlled the disease at the middle stage (5~10% of disease incidence) of disease development. The curative combined application of [R. undulatum extracts (1st application) + wettable sulfur powder (2nd) + neem oil (3rd)] showed the highest control efficacy among the other treatments, with control value over 80% at the early stage (less than 1% of disease incidence) of disease development. 본 실험은 박과류(오이, 참외, 멜론)를 공시작물로 하여친환경 육묘시 친환경 제제와 시용조건에 따른 흰가루병의 방제효과를 구명하고 기존 등록된 농약과 대조하여그 효과를 검정하기 위해 수행되었다. 친환경제제는 유효미생물로서 Ampelomyces quisqualis 94013(AQ94013)과Bacillus subtilis Y1336(BS Y1336), 식물추출물로서 님오일(Neem oil)과 대황(Rheum undulatum)추출물, 미네랄제제는 황수화제와 석회보르도액(Lime Bordeaux mixture)을 단용 또는 혼용처리하여 병 발생시기(발생전, 초기,중기)에 따라 처리하였다. 모든 처리구에서 시설내 일평균온도 30oC 이상, 하루 중 최고기온이 40oC 이상의조건이 일주일 이상 지속되는 기간 동안 유묘의 흰가루병의 발병도는 감소하였고, 대조구인 무처리구에서의 발병도도 크게 감소되어 10% 미만으로 나타났다. 발생 전처리시 방제효과는 모든 작물에서 황수화제가 가장 높았고, BS Y1336는 방제가가 20~40%로서 가장 낮게 나타났다. 오이의 경우 발생전 처리시 님오일과 황수화제 처리는 살균제보다 높은 방제효과를 보였으며, 멜론에서는농약과 비슷한 방제가를 보였다. 대황추출물은 전 생육기간 동안 미생물제제보다 높은 방제가를 나타내었고,오이와 멜론작물에서 발생초기 처리시 효과가 우수하였다. 물살포구는 무처리구와 비슷한 발병도를 보여 방제효과가 없었고, 참외와 멜론에서 물살포 처리는 무처리보다 더 높은 발병도를 보였다. 병발생후 친환경제제 처리시 방제효과는 처리하는 시기가 늦어질수록 감소하였다. 친환경제제의 혼용처리에 의한 방제효과를 조사하였을 때, 대황추출물(1주차) + 황수화제(2주차) + 님오일(3주차)의 조합으로 한 가지의 친환경제제를 주당 1회씩총 3주 동안 혼용처리 했을 때, 전 육묘기간 동안 오이에서는 90% 이상, 모든 작물에서 평균 80% 이상의 방제가를 나타내어 다른 조합의 처리에 비해 높은 방제효과를 보였다. 본 실험결과를 통해 박과채소의 친환경 육묘시 흰가루병에 대한 친환경제제의 방제효과는 단용처리 했을 때, 병발생 전후 처리에 상관없이 모든 작물에서 황수화제 처리가 가장 높게 나타났으며, 혼용처리시에는 대황추출물(1주차) + 황수화제(2주차) + 님오일(3주차)의 조합이 가장 효과가 높은 것으로 나타났다.

Effects of Lime Sulfur on Blossom Thinning and Fruit Qualities of ‘Fuji’ and ‘Hongro’ Apple Trees

Ik-Jo Chun,Weiwei Zheng,Jae Moon Hwang,Chuleui Jung 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

A Novel Lime Addition-Capacitive Deionization(CDI) Hybrid Process for the Removal of Acetic Acid and Sulfuric Acid from Biomass Hydrolyzate

Sung-Jae KIM,Jae-Hwan CHOI,Jin-Hyun KIM 한국생물공학회 2012 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.9