The Strategic Transformation from Innovation Cluster to Digital Innovation Cluster during and after COVID-19

Yim, Deok Soon,Kim, Wangdong,Nam, Young-ho Asian Society for Innovation and Policy 2020 Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy Vol.9 No.2

It is generally known that a Science and Technology Park - as a representative example of an Innovation Cluster - produces network synergy among industry, university, research institutes, and other innovation actors in a specific area, so that it has a competitive edge over other regions in technological innovation. However, as the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic unfolds, it has become necessary to reduce face-to-face contacts and this could lead to lesser network synergy being produced in an Innovation Cluster. With this background, this research was designed and conducted to evaluate how COVID-19 has changed the activities in Innovation Clusters and explore future development scenarios. In order to find out the changes occurring in an Innovation Cluster, a survey was conducted among the people in Science and Technology Parks. The survey result shows that people are experiencing difficulties in technological innovation and support activities, and face-to-face contacts have been reduced in the Innovation Cluster. A scenario planning sought to explore the future development of the Innovation Cluster. It suggests that the transformation into a Digital Innovation Cluster, which is less affected by physical distance, but can still maintain the effectiveness of the networks, can be the key strategy for the future Innovation Cluster.

가중치 정보를 가진 연구자 네트워크 기반의 연구자 클러스터링 기법

문현정,이상민,우용태 (사)디지털산업정보학회 2009 디지털산업정보학회논문지 Vol.5 No.2

This study presents HCWS algorithm for researcher grouping on a weighted researcher network. The weights represent intensity of connections among researchers based on the number of co-authors and the number of co-authored research papers. To confirm the validity of the proposed technique, this study conducted an experimentation on about 80 research papers. As a consequence, it is proved that HCWS algorithm is able to bring about more realistic clustering compared with HCS algorithm which presents semantic relations among researchers in simple connections. In addition, it is found that HCWS algorithm can address the problems of existing HCS algorithm; researchers are disconnected since their connections are classified as weak even though they are strong, and vise versa. The technique described in this research paper can be applied to efficiently establish social networks of researchers considering relations such as collaboration histories among researchers or to create communities of researchers.

공동연구 특성을 고려한 연구자 유형 구분에 대한 연구

이재윤 한국정보관리학회 2023 정보관리학회지 Vol.40 No.2

Traditional models for categorizing researcher types have mostly utilized research output metrics. This study proposes a new model that classifies researchers based on the characteristics of research collaboration. The model uses only research collaboration indicators and does not rely on citation data, taking into account that citation impact is related to collaborative research. The model categorizes researchers into four types based on their collaborative research pattern and scope: Sparse & Wide (SW) type, Dense & Wide (DW) type, Dense & Narrow (DN) type, Sparse & Narrow (SN) type. When applied to the quantum metrology field, the proposed model was statistically verified to show differences in citation indicators and co-author network indicators according to the classified researcher types. The proposed researcher type classification model does not require citation information. Therefore, it is expected to be widely used in research management policies and research support services.

The Roles of Intermediaries in Clusters: The Thai Experiences in High-tech and Community-based Clusters

Intarakumnerd, Patarapong The Korean Society for Technology Manageme and Eco 2005 Journal of Technology Innovation Vol.13 No.2

Industrial clusters are geographical concentrations of interconnected companies, specialised suppliers, service providers, firms in related industries, and associated institutions (for example, universities, standard agencies, and trade associations) that combine to create new products and/or services in specific lines of business. At present, the concept of industrial cluster becomes very popular worldwide, policy makers at national, regional and local levels and business people in both forerunner and latecomer countries are keen to implement the cluster concept as an economic development model. Though understanding of clusters and related promoting policies varies from one place to another, the underlying benefits of clusters from collective learning and knowledge spillovers between participating actors strongly attract the attention of these people. In Thailand, a latecomer country in terms of technological catching up, the cluster concept has been used as a means to rectify weakness and fragmentation of its innovation systems. The present Thai government aspires to apply the concept to promote both high-tech manufacturing clusters, services clusters and community-based clusters at the grass-root level. This paper analyses three very different clusters in terms of technological sophistication and business objectives, i.e., hard disk drive, software and chili paste. It portrays their significant actors, the extent of interaction among them and the evolution of the clusters. Though are very dissimilar, common characteristics attributed to qualified success are found. Main driving forces of the three clusters are cluster intermediaries. Forms of these organizations are different from a government research and technology organization (RTO), an industrial association, to a self-organised community-based organization. However, they perform similar functions of stimulating information and knowledge sharing, and building trust among participating firms/individuals in the clusters. Literature in the cluster studies argues that government policies need to be cluster specific. In this case, the best way to design and implement cluster-specific policies is through working closely with intermediaries and strengthening their institutional especially in linking member firms/individuals to other actors in clusters such as universities, government R&D institutes, and financial institutions.

The Roles of Intermediaries in Clusters: The Thai Experiences in High-tech and Community-based Clusters

( Patarapong Intarakumnerd ) 기술경영경제학회 2005 Journal of Technology Innovation Vol.13 No.2

Industrial clusters are geographical concentrations of interconnected companies, specialised suppliers, service providers, firms in related industries, and associated institutions (for example, universities, standard agencies, and trade associations) that combine to create new products and/or services in specific lines of business. At present, the conceptof industrial cluster becomes very popular worldwide, policy makers at national, regional and local levels and business people in both forerunner and latecomer countries are keen to implement the cluster conceptas an economic development model. Though understanding of clusters and related promoting policies varies from one place to another, the underlying benefits of clusters from collective learning and knowledge spillovers between participating actors strongly attract the attention of these people. In Thailand, a latecomer country in terms of technological catching up, the cluster concept has been used as a means to rectify weakness and fragmentation of its innovation systems. The present Thai government aspires to apply the concept to promote both high-tech manufacturing clusters, services clusters and community-based clusters at the grass-root level. This paper analyses three very different clusters in terms of technological sophistication and business objectives, i.e., hard disk drive, software and chili paste. It portrays their significant actors, the extent of interaction among them and the evolution of the clusters. Though they are very dissimilar, common characteristics attributed to qualified success are found. Main driving forces of the three clusters are cluster intermediaries. Forms of these organizations are different from a government research and technology organization (RTO), an industrial association, to a self-organised community-based organisation. However, they perform similar functions of stimulating information and knowledge sharing, and building trust among participating firms/individuals in the clusters. Literature in the cluster studies argues that government policies need to be cluster specific. In this case, the best way to design and implement cluster-specific policies is through working closely with intermediaries and strengthening their institutional capabilities especially in linking member firms/individuals to other actors in clusters such as universities, government R&D institutes, and financial institutions.

키워드 네트워크 분석을 통한 한국 고등교육 연구 동향 분석: 「교육행정학연구」 2001∼2020년을 중심으로

민윤경(Yunkyung Min),김수진(Sujin Kim) 한국교육행정학회 2022 敎育行政學硏究 Vol.40 No.1

본 연구는 한국 고등교육 연구 동향을 탐색 및 분석하기 위해 2001∼2020년 사이에 「교육행정학연구」에 게재된 고등교육 연구물들을 대상으로 키워드 네트워크 분석을 실시하였다. 이를 위해 국내 고등교육 연구의 주요 키워드를 추출하고 각 키워드의 중심성 지수들을 살펴본 후, 2회 이상 동시 출현 키워드쌍을 중심으로 군집 분석을 실시하여 주요 연구 주제 및 연구 주제별 키워드 네트워크 패턴을 탐색하였다. 분석 결과, 한국 고등교육 연구에서 대학재정지원, 대학평가, 대학입학전형제도 등과 같은 키워드의 연결중심성 및 매개중심성이 높아 여전히 정부 정책 중심으로 고등교육 연구가 이루어지고 있음이 나타났다. 반면, 교육환경, 교육활동, 교육성과 등의 키워드들의 근접중심성이 높은 것으로 보았을 때 이들 키워드들이 고등교육 연구에서 주요 키워드들을 매개하는 역할을 하고 있는 것을 확인할 수 있다. 또한, 군집분석 결과 과거에 부족했던 것으로 지적된 학부교육, 대학생, 대학공동체, 고차원학습 등이 주요 주제로 연구되고 있다는 점이 확인되어 고등교육 연구 주제가 과거에 비해 다양화되었음을 알 수 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 여전히 정부 정책, 특히 대학재정지원과 관련한 연구가 가장 중점적으로 이루어지고 있다는 사실은 정부의 재정지원정책이 한국의 고등교육에 큰 영향을 미치고 있으며, 동시에 한국 대학이 재정적 어려움을 겪고 있는 현실을 반영한다. 정부 정책이 고등교육에 지대한 영향을 미치는 한국의 현실을 고려했을 때 향후 고등교육 관련 연구 주제의 다양화를 위해서는 무엇보다 대학에 대한 충분한 정부의 재정지원이 선행되어야 할 것이다. In order to explore and analyze Korean higher education research trends, this study conducted keyword network analysis on higher education research articles published in 「The Korean Educational Administration Research」 between 2001 and 2020. To this end, after extracting major keywords of domestic higher education research and examining the centrality indices of each keyword, cluster analysis was conducted focusing on keyword pairs that appeared at least two times to explore key research topics and keyword network patterns for each research topic. As a result of the analysis, it was shown that higher education research is still centered on government policies because of the high degree centrality and betweenness centrality of keywords such as university financial support, university evaluation, and university admissions system in Korean higher education research. On the other hand, taking into consideration that the closeness centrality of keywords such as educational environment, educational activity, and educational performance is high, it can be confirmed that these keywords play a mediating role in higher education research. In addition, as a result of cluster analysis, it was confirmed that undergraduate education, university students, university community, and higher-level learning, which were pointed out as lacking in the past, are being studied as major subjects, indicating that higher education research topics have been diversified compared to the past. Nevertheless, the fact that research on government policies, especially university financial support, is still the most focused reflects the fact that the government"s financial support policy has a great influence on higher education in Korea, and at the same time, Korean universities are experiencing financial difficulties. Considering the reality of Korea in which government policies have a profound influence on higher education, sufficient government financial support for universities should be preceded in order to diversify research topics related to higher education in the future.

방사광가속기 기반 혁신클러스터 육성 방안에 대한 연구: 산업플랫폼 사례 분석을 중심으로

조형례 혁신클러스터학회 2023 혁신클러스터연구 Vol.14 No.1

Large research facilities are very important infrastructure for science and technology policies and investment strategies at the national level, and are one of the most influential factors among the infrastructures of science and technology. Countries around the world are equipped with a wide range of R&D-based capabilities, from basic research to developing core source technologies and application technologies for industrial support through the establishment of large research facilities. Recently, Korea has decided to build a large research facility such as a radiation accelerator to respond to the global trade war and changes in the global economic environment. These large research facilities have a great ripple effect on industrial development, with many innovative actors influencing each other based on the region. The innovation cluster is one of the representative theories that can examine regional innovation-based industrial development. In this study, cases were compared and analyzed by applying the 'industrial platform' theory to examine the actual operating factors of innovation, such as the capabilities and interactions of innovators in the cluster. This study obtained several policy implications. First, in order to prepare institutional conditions to utilize large research facilities, small cluster linkage and industrialization-based support policies should be prepared. Second, it is necessary to establish and support differentiated roles for each innovative entity and roles for each platform to form local industries. Third, large research facilities should be used to discover and apply industry-academic cooperation models such as core technology development, technology guidance, international cooperation, and manpower training. Fourth, selective policy support is needed to coordinate the governance of local innovation actors and support the capabilities of platform actors. Fifth, it is necessary to find representative innovation anchors and to introduce cluster inflow policies from global innovation actors.

판교테크노벨리의 지속가능한 혁신 클러스터 영향요인에 관한 통합연구

박정선,박상혁,홍성신 한국벤처창업학회 2020 벤처창업연구 Vol.15 No.1

Korea's innovation cluster policy has been implemented since 2005 with the goal of balanced regional development. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the sustainability of innovative cluster tenants by using Pangyo Techno Valley as an example. Pangyo Techno Valley was established under the leadership of the local government (Gyeonggi-do) rather than the central government and it is called “Silicon Valley of Korea” and “Asia Silicon Valley” and is becoming more representative. The growing number of companies in Pangyo Techno Valley decreased in 2017 compared to 2016. This is because Pangyo Techno Valley's business ecosystem will change from 2019. In this paper, quantitative and qualitative studies were conducted to investigate the influencing factors. Quantitative research was conducted based on the survey and qualitative research was applied through interviews. The quantitative research examined the factors affecting the sustainability of Pangyo Techno Valley, and the qualitative research examined the specific reasons and additional factors for the quantitative research results. The quantitative results showed that factors affecting sustainability in terms of changes in corporate internal conditions, human and physical infrastructure, cooperation and synergy, and occupancy patterns. The specific reason for the impact appeared in the qualitative research process. The support category of local governments did not show any significant factors in quantitative research. In addition, qualitative research suggested 'Good image of Pangyo Techno Valley' as the category that has the greatest impact on sustainability. It is shown that companies are passive and expect the role of local governments in activating cooperation network in Pangyo Techno Valley. In this paper, based on the results of the study, Pangyo Techno Valley is presented with a realistic plan based on real estate issues and an ideal plan with a long-term perspective. 우리나라의 혁신클러스터 정책은 지역균형발전을 목표로 2005년부터 본격적으로 추진되었다. 본 연구는 판교테크노밸리를 사례로 혁신클러스터 입주기업의 지속가능성에 영향을 미치는 요인을 조사하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 판교테크노밸리는 중앙정부 보다는 지자체(경기도)의 주도하에 건립되었고 ‘한국의 실리콘밸리’, ‘아시아 실리콘밸리’ 등으로 불리며 대표성이 커지고 있다. 성장하고 있는 판교테크노밸리는 2016년 대비 2017년에 입주기업 수가 감소하는 현상이 발생하였고, 2019년을 기점으로 판교테크노밸리의 비즈니스 생태계가 변할 수 있는 이슈(기업의 입지 이전 가능 이슈)가 발생하기 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 영향 요인을 조사하기 위해 양적 및 질적 연구를 통합하여 진행하였다. 설문조사를 기반으로 양적연구를 진행하고 인터뷰를 통한 질적 연구를 적용하였다. 양적 연구에서는 판교테크노밸리의 지속가능성에 영향을 주는 요인을 조사하였고, 질적 연구에서는 양적 연구결과에 대한 구체적인 이유와 추가적인 요인을 조사하였다. 양적 연구결과 기업내부여건변화, 인적‧물적 인프라, 협력 및 시너지, 입주형태 범주에서 지속가능성에 대한 영향력을 발휘하는 요인들이 나타났다. 영향력에 대한 구체적 이유는 질적 연구과정에선 나타났다. 지자체의 지원 범주는 양적 연구에서 의미있는 요인이 나타나지 않았다. 추가적으로 질적 연구를 통해 지속가능성에 영향을 가장 크게 발휘하는 범주로 ‘판교테크노밸리의 좋은 이미지’가 제시되었다. 판교테크노밸리 내 협력네트워크 활성화에 대해서는 기업들이 수동적인 자세를 취하고 있으며 지자체의 역할을 기대하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 판교테크노밸리가 지속가능하기 위한 방안으로 현실적인 방안과 이상적인 방안을 함께 제시하였다.

텍스트 마이닝 분석을 통한 조경시공 연구경향 분석

석영선,반권수 전북대학교 부설 휴양및경관계획연구소 2022 휴양및경관연구 (J East Asian Landscape Studies) Vol.16 No.3

This study aimed to derive research trends related to the landscape construction field from various academic journals published in Korea from 1980 to 2022 by using text mining techniques. Research trends were analyzed through VOSviewer, the big data analysis program, and focused on keywords for landscape construction. As a result, first, a total of 226 research papers related to landscape construction showed a gradual increase by an average annual average of 5.8. This is caused by the increase landscaping- related various academic journals since the 1980s, and the increase in research opportunities on landscape construction, methods of construction, and materials due to the expansion of the landscape industry. Second, as a result of analyzing co-occurrence keywords related to landscape construction, it appeared in the order of Plant, Management, Improvement, Species, etc. In addition, as a result of network analysis, it was classified into four research clusters: (1) Post-management and Function improvement, (2) Plant and Plant growth environment, (3) Space and Usability, and (4) Constructability and Economy. Third, as a result of analyzing the field of landscape construction based on the passage of time, the research trend of the field of landscape construction tends to embrace various topics. However, in the future, research on landscaping construction and maintenance smart technology in the era of the 4th industrial revolution, as well as the development of materials and construction methods considering climate change, will be more necessary. This study is meaningful in that it analyzed the research trend related to the landscape construction field in detail through bibliographic analysis for the first time in Korea. In addition, it is meaningful as fundamental data for deriving the developmental research direction in the landscape construction field in consideration of the social paradigm and technological trends changing in the landscape architecture industry. 본 연구는 1980년부터 2022년까지 국내에서 출판된 조경 시공 분야 관련 논문들을 대상으로 텍스트 마이닝 기반의 핵심 단어 분석 프로그램인 VOSviewer를 이용하여 연구 경향을 분석하였다. 연구 결과 첫째, ‘조경 시공’과 관련된 연구논문은 총 226편이며, 연평균 5.8편이 발표되었다. 이는 1980년대 이후 조경학 관련 학회 수의 증가 및 다양화, 조경 산업 확대에 따른 조경시 공, 공법, 재료 등의 연구 기회와 필요성 증가 등에 따라 점진적으로 증가하는 경향을 보인 것으로 사료된다. 둘째, 조경 시공과 관련된 동시 출현 빈도가 높은 핵심 단어를 분석한 결과, Plant, Management, Improvement, Species 등의 순으로 나타났다. 또한, 연관성이 높은 핵심 단어 간의 네트워크를 분석한 결과, ‘사후관리, 기능개선’, ‘식생, 생육환경’, ‘공간, 이용성’, ‘시공성, 경제성’ 등 4개 주제로 연구 영역이 분류되었다. 셋째, ‘조경시공’과 관련된 주요 연구영역별로 시간의 흐름에 기반하여 연구 경향 변화를 분석한 결과, 시대 변화에 따라 점차 다양한 주제를 포용하는 경향을 보였으나, 4차 산업혁명 시대에 걸맞도록 첨단 스마트 기술을 접목한 조경 시공·유지관리 기술 및 기후변화를 고려한 소재, 공법 개발 등에 대한 연구가 활발히 이루어져야 할 것이다. 본 연구는 조경 시공 분야에 대해 국내에서 최초로 빅데이터 기반의 서지 분석을 통해 연구 경향을 분석하였다는 점에서 의미가 있으며, 조경 산업의 사회적 패러다임과 기술 트랜드 변화 추이를 고려하여 조경 시공 분야의 발전적인 연구방향 도출을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다.

A Study on the Relationship between CSFs for Innovation Clusters Development

김기수,이상훈 한국경영컨설팅학회 2013 경영컨설팅연구 Vol.13 No.4

We are living in an age of technological innovation but innovation is not only limit to technology. The term of innovation is a new thing or a new method of doing something and means a new value-created activity by new products or service on business. The goal of firm is changing from a 'profit-maximization' to a 'sustainable innovation. Especially in 21C, the needs of innovation is focused on the winning point for competition of firm and extend to improving competition for the nation. And there are many tries to build the concept of innovation-cluster in many countries. On this overview, there are many studies to analysis success and failure cases of 'innovation cluster', and they proposed to us the 'Critical Success factors(CSFs) of innovation cluster'. But these studies have a weakness point what is a relationship between factors. Of course, our study is based on existing researches, especially Michael Porter(1998) , Rosenfeld(1995) and Enright(1999) et al, but the existing researches is differentiated in this paper that treats several power factors as resource, value, environment and relation. And our study has a meaning to present previously a framework of cluster methodology through case studies for statistical methodology. So, this paper has been weighted an exploratory research instead of casual research.