보리순 분말을 첨가한 쿠키의 품질특성

김정미,Kim, Jung-Mi 한국식품영양학회 2015 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.28 No.5

This study examined the quality characteristics of cookies comprised of various amounts of barley-sprout powder by analyzing the physico-chemical characteristics of the cookies and investigating a sensory evaluation. For the study, the cookies were cooked with the following levels of barley-sprout powder: 0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12%. The results show that the moisture content of the cookies was increased in accordance with the level of barley-sprout powder and this result is the same as the spreadability factor of the cookies (p<0.001). Also, the pH and brix values of the samples decreased in accordance with the level of barley-sprout powder (p<0.001). Regarding hunter's colors, the values of L (lightness), a (redness), and b (yellowness) are significantly decreased, increasing the quantity of barley-sprout powder (p<0.001). For the textural characteristics, the results show that the hardness of the cookies decreased in accordance with the addition of the barley-sprout powder; furthermore, the results indicate a tendency whereby the DPPH-radical-scavenging activity and the total polyphenol content of the cookies were increased, thereby increasing the quantity of the barley-sprout powder (p<0.001). For the sensory evaluation, the cookies that were made with 6 % barley-sprout powder received the highest scores in terms of appearance, taste, and overall preference (p<0.05, p<0.001). This study suggests that barley-sprout powder is an excellent ingredient for improving the acceptability and functionality of cookies, and that, in relation to the flour quantity the ideal proportion of barley-sprout powder is 6%.

Sulfate Re sistance of Cement Matrix Containing Limestone Powder

문한영,정호섭,이승태,김종필 한국콘크리트학회 2004 콘크리트학회논문집 Vol.16 No.3

In order to improve the performance of concrete, generally, modern cements often incorporate several mineral admixtures. In this study, the experimental included the flow value, air content of mortar containing limestone powder and length change and compressive strength of mortar specimen immersed in sulfate solutions. From the experimental results, the limestone powder cement matrices improved the physical properties and sulfate resistance of cement matrices at 10% replacement ratio of limestone powder. The 30% replacement ratio of limestone powder was significantly deteriorated in sodium sulfate solution. Irrespective of fineness levels of limestone powder, length change and SDF of mortar specimens with only 10% replacement was much superior to the other replacements.

감 분말 염색 면직물의 색채감성요인

이은주,Yi, Eunjou 한국섬유공학회 2014 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.51 No.6

This study was aimed at identifying the color sensibility factors of cotton fabrics dyed with immature persimmon powder. The relationships of these factors with objective color characteristics, including tone, CIE color attributes, and mordanting, were determined and their prediction models, using the related objective parameters, were established. Fourteen dyed specimens, in a range of shades, were prepared as stimulus by dyeing cotton fabric with persimmon powder; some specimens were also subjected to iron-mordanting. Thirty-nine female college students evaluated these specimens based on 17 color image terms, using IRI color image scales. As a result, four color sensibility factors viz. clearness, vivid & dynamic, dignity, and natural & warmth were selected. Clearness, vivid & dynamic, and natural & warmth were more strongly perceived in non-mordanted fabric specimens. Pale increased the feeling of clearness while soft contributed to a stronger perception of natural & warmth. CIE $L^*$ was positively related with clearness while $b^*$ was a positive explainer for natural & warmth. All significant prediction models for the color sensibility factors were suggested for use in persimmon dyeing for textile and fashion products.

Fabrication of Nano-Sized ITO Powder from Waste ITO Target by Spray Pyrolysis Process

Yu, Jae-Keun,Kang, Seong-Gu,Jung, Ki-Chang,Han, Joung-Su,Kim, Dong-Hee The Japan Institute of Metals 2007 MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS Vol.48 No.2

<P>In this study, a nano-sized ITO powder with the average particle size below 50 nm by using waste ITO target is generated by spray pyrolysis proces. This study also examines the influences of reaction parameters such as reaction temperature, concentration and inflow speed of raw material solution on the properties of the generated ITO powder.As the reaction temperature increases from 800°C to 1100°C, the average particle size of the generated ITO powder increases from 40 nm to 100 nm, the microstructure gradually becomes compact, the particle size distribution becomes increasingly irregular, the XRD peak intensity gradually increases, and the specific surface area decreases.When the concentration of the solution is at 50 g/L, the average particle size of the ITO powder is below 30 nm, and the particle size distribution appears comparatively uniform. As the concentration reaches 400 g/L, which is close to the saturated concentration, the particle size distribution appears extremely irregular, and the particles with the size ranging from 20 nm to 100 nm coexist. Along with the rise of concentration, the XRD peak intensity gradually increases, yet the specific surface area decreases.As the inflow speed of the raw material solution increases from 2 mL/min to 100 mL/min, the average particle size of the ITO powder increases from 30 nm to 90 nm, yet the particle size distribution becomes irregular, and individual particles appear in the distinct shape of polygon. Along with the rise of inflow speed, the XRD peak intensity gradually increases, and the specific surface area decreases.</P>

Nano-Sized Indium Oxide Powder Synthesized by Spray Pyrolysis Process

Yu, Jaekeun,Kang, Seonggu,Kim, Jinbae,Kim, Jwayeon,Han, Joungsu,Yoo, Jaewoon,Lee, Sangwoon,Ahn, Zousam The Japan Institute of Metals 2006 MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS Vol.47 No.7

<P>In this study, nano-sized indium oxide powder with average particle size below 50 nm is synthesized from indium chloride solution by a spray pyrolysis process. This study also examines influences of reaction factors on the properties of the synthesized powder. These factors include the reaction temperature, the inflow speed of the raw material solution and the inflow speed of the environmental air.As the reaction temperature increases from 850 to 1000°C, the average particle size of the generated powder increases from around 30 nm to 100 nm, the microstructure gradually becomes solid, the XRD peak intensity gradually increases and the specific surface area decreases.As the inflow speed of the raw material solution increases from 2 to 5 mL/min, the average particle size of the powder decreases. When the inflow speed is 10 mL/min, the average particle size is larger than that at 5 mL/min. When the inflow speed of solution is 50 mL/min, the average particle size is smaller and the microstructure of the powder is less solid than that at 10 mL/min. The variations of the XRD peak intensity and the specific surface area show the similar tendency to that of the average particle size.As the air pressure increases from 0.1 to 0.5 kg/cm<SUP>2</SUP>, the average particle size of the powder shows a not significant change from 90 nm to 100 nm. As the air pressure increases up to 1 kg/cm<SUP>2</SUP> and 3 kg/cm<SUP>2</SUP>, the average particle size decreases down to 50 nm and the XRD peak intensity decreases.</P>

송엽분과 질석을 포함한 준불연 단열복합보드의 개발

정창헌,유석형 한국화재소방학회 2018 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.32 No.3

A Semi-Incombustible Composite Insulation Board (SICIB) that can be applied to building construction and ships wasdeveloped. The SICIBs comprised of pine leaf powder, vermiculite. The incombustibility, semi-incombustibility, and U-factorof the developed SICIBs were measured. The incombustibility of the each SICIB was determined by the proportion ofcombustible flexible binder and pine leaf powder. SICIB satisfied the incombustibility test without a combustible flexiblebinder and pine leaf powder. In addition, SICIB with 6% of pine leaf ensured its semi-incombustible performance. Acombustible flexible binder or pine leaf powder over 6% failed the fire-resistant performance of SICIB. In addition, SICIBswith incombustible/semi-incombustible finishing and a 200 mm insulating layer (glass wool and sprayed poly urethane foam)met the U-factor of an external wall for buildings described in the Korean building code. 본 연구는 송엽분과 질석을 주 원료로 하여 건축용 및 선박용으로 적용될 수 있는 준불연 단열복합보드를 개발하고 불연성능, 준불연성능, 보드 전체의 열관류율을 평가하였다. 가연성 물질인 송엽분과 유연바인더의 비율에 따라보드의 화재저항성능이 결정되었으며, 가연물질이 불포함된 보드의 경우 불연성능을 확보하였다. 송엽분 6%를 첨가한 보드는 준불연 성능을 확보할 수 있었으며, 그 이상의 송엽분이 포함되거나 가연성의 바인더가 첨가될 경우 준불연 성능을 확보할 수 없는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 글래스울과 폴리우레탄 뿜칠을 단열층으로 하고 개발된 불연/준불연 보드를 이용하여 1차 마감한 복합벽체는 200 mm 두께에서 국내법규 상의 건축물 단열기준을 상회하여 만족하는것으로 나타났다.

분말 제품의 품질 인자 규명 및 저장 수명 예측

백은경,박석준,이강표,최성원,허남윤,백무열,Baik, Eun-Kyung,Park, Seok-Jun,Lee, Kang-Pyo,Choi, Sung-Won,Hur, Nam-Yun,Baik, Moo-Yeol 한국해양바이오학회 2007 한국해양바이오학회지 Vol.2 No.3

분말 식품의 저장수명 예측 기법을 개발하기 위하여 수분함량을 달리한(3.5%, 6%, 8%) 아침생식 시료를 $25^{\circ}C$ 및 $35^{\circ}C$ 저장고에서 저장하면서 품질의 변화를 측정하였다. 수분함량의 경우 제조 시 전체적으로 평형수분함량에 도달하지 않은 상태에서 포장을 하여서 저장기간 중에 약간의 변화를 보여 주었으나 그 변화의 폭은 그리 크지 않았다. 과산화물가의 경우 저장기간 동안 안정하여 시료 중에 존재하는 지방이 독류 조직과 강력히 결합하고 있어 상대적으로 산화에 안정한 것으로 평가되었다. 관능검사 결과 저장기간이 증가함에 따라 품질변화가 어느 정도 인지 되었고, 묽은 맛이 강해지고 색이 탁해지는 경향을 나타내었지만 그 변화 폭은 그리 크지 않아 1년 동안 장기 저장하여도 관능적으로 수용이 가능한 것으로 판단되었다. 미생물 시험 결과 B. cereus, Listeria spp., C. perfringens, Salmonella spp. 및 S. aureus 등의 유해 미생물들은 저장기간 중 발견되지 않아 식품 위생상에는 문제가 없는 것으로 판단되었다. 그러나 유산균수는 저장 기간이 증가함에 따라 감소하는 경향을 나타내었고 저장온도와 수분함량이 높을수록 유산균수의 감소량이 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 따라서 분말 식품의 경우 본 실험에서 사용한 저장 온도 및 습도에서는 상대적으로 안정하여 저장기간동안 품질의 변화가 거의 일어나지 않아 품질 지표 인자를 규명하기가 불가능 하였다. 다만 저장 중 온도와 습도에 민감한 반응을 보인 유산균 수의 변화를 품질 지표 인자로 활용할 수 있다면 이를 이용한 저장 수명 예측은 가능 할 것으로 판단된다. Shelf-stability of powdered model food was determined during storage at various temperatures ($25^{\circ}C$, $35^{\circ}C$) and various moisture contents (3.5%, 6.0%, 8.0%). Moisture content, peroxide value, pH, color, microbial counting and sensory evaluation were conducted during storage. Moisture content, peroxide value, pH and color were not significantly changed during storage in all samples indicating that this powdered model food was relatively stable at given conditions. Pathogenic microorganisms, such as Bacillus cereus, Listeria spp., Clostridium perfrigens, Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus, were not found during storage suggesting that there was no problem in safety in this case. On the other hand, the number of artificially added Lactic acid bacteria was decreased with increasing both storage temperature and moisture content. Therefore, powdered model food was very shelf-stable and it was impossible to predict the shelf-life using above quality factors.

Effect of sieved fractionation on the physical, flow and hydration properties of Boscia senegalensis Lam., Dichostachys glomerata Forssk. and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. powders

Markusse Deli,Jeremy Petit,Richard Marcel Nguimbou,Elie Beaudelaire Djantou,Nicolas Njintang Yanou,Joël Scher 한국식품과학회 2019 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.28 No.5

This study aimed at evaluating the effect ofsuccessive grinding and sieving processes on the physicochemicalproperties of powders obtained from Bosciasenegalensis seeds, Dichostachys glomerata fruits andHibiscus sabdariffa calyxes. Plant powders were fractionatedinto four granulometric classes and their propertieswere compared to those of unsieved powders. Mean particlesize exerted a significant influence (p\0.05) on theplant powders properties. The smaller the particle size ofthe powder fraction, the higher the protein, lipid and ashcontents and the lower the carbohydrate and fiber contents. The decrease in particle size increased particle sphericityand elongation and enhanced flowability of B. senegalensisand D. glomerata powders, whereas an inverse tendencyseemed to be observed for H. sabdariffa powders. Waterabsorption capacity, water solubility index and dispersibilitywere improved for finer particles for all plants. Sieve fractionation is a novel approach for improvingphysicochemical properties of plant powders.

Calcium phosphate cements loaded with basic fibroblast growth factor: Delivery and <i>in vitro</i> cell response

Perez, Roman A.,Kim, Tae‐,Hyun,Kim, Meeju,Jang, Jun‐,Hyeog,Ginebra, Maria‐,Pau,Kim, Hae‐,Won Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2013 Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A Vol.101 No.4

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Combining calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) with bioactive molecules improves their bone regeneration potential. Although CPCs are highly osteoconductive, sometimes they have limited biological responses, especially in terms of cell proliferation. Here, we used basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in an α‐tricalcium phosphate cement with different initial powder sizes (coarse vs. fine; designated as CPC‐C and CPC‐F, respectively) and investigated the behavior of bFGF loading and release, as well as the effects on osteoblast responses. bFGF was loaded at 10 μg/ml or 25 μg/ml onto the set form of two types of CPCs, aiming to allow penetration into the pore structure and adsorption onto the cement crystallites. The CPC formulated with fine powder (CPC‐F) had higher specific surface area and smaller‐sized pores and retained slightly higher amounts of bFGF within the structure. The bFGF release study performed for 3 weeks showed a sustained‐release profile; after an initial rapid release over approximately 3 days, further release pattern was almost linear. Compared to CPC‐F, CPC‐C showed a much faster release pattern. The effects of the bFGF incorporation within CPCs on cellular responses were assessed in terms of cell proliferation using MC3T3‐E1 pre‐osteoblastic cells. Compared with bFGF‐free CPCs (both CPC‐C and CPC‐F), those containing bFGF stimulated cell proliferation for up to 7 days. An inhibition study of bFGF receptor demonstrated that the improvement of cell proliferation resulted from the role of bFGF released from the CPCs. This study provides beneficial information on improving the biological properties of CPCs by combining them with specific therapeutic molecules, and particularly with bFGF, showing that the cell proliferative ability was significantly stimulated, which may have potential applications for further use in stem cell‐based bone tissue engineering. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2013.</P>

직류전위차법을 이용한 분말야금 니켈기 초내열합금의 피로균열진전거동 평가

나성현(Seonghyeon Na),오광근(Kwangkeun Oh),김재훈(Jaehoon Kim) 한국추진공학회 2015 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.11

분말야금 니켈기 초내열합금은 항공기 터빈 엔진의 고온용 부품으로 사용된다. 본 연구에서는 분말야금 니켈기 초내열합금의 피로균열진전 시험은 상온과 600 ℃의 온도 조건에서 수행되었다. 피로균열 진전속도에 대한 평가방법은 ASTM E647에서 제시한 직류전위차법을 이용하여 산출하였다. 이러한 결과로부터, 분말야금 니켈기 초내열합금의 피로균열 진전 속도는 응력비 0.5 일 때 더 높고, 균열은 응력비 0.1 일 때 낮은 응력확대계수부터 시작한다. 파단면 관찰은 주사전자현미경을 이용하여 분석하였다. Powder metallurgy Nickel based superalloy is used to manufacture high temperature parts of turbine engine for airplane. In this study, fatigue crack growth tests for the material are conducted by temperature conditions at room temperature and 600 ℃. Evaluation method for fatigue crack growth rate calculated using DCPD method suggested by ASTM E647. From these results, fatigue crack growth rate of the material is higher when stress ratio is 0.5. When stress ratio is 0.1, crack begins from lower stress intensity factor. Fractography was carried out by Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM).