음악과의 기악학습을 위한 수업모형 탐색

정진원,승윤희 한국음악교육공학회 2016 음악교육공학 Vol.- No.29

본 연구의 목적은 일반적인 의미에서의 수업모형(models of instruction)을 이해하고, 음악과 수업모형 중에서 기악학습을 위한 수업모형을 탐색하는 데 있다. 수업모형에 관한 연구는 수업의 구조 및 실제와 관련하여 중요한 의미를 가진다. 그동안 음악과의 수업모형 관련 연구는 그 중요성에 비추어 볼 때 많은 연구가 이루어지지 않은 실정이다. 음악과의 수업모형은 음악 교수 학습의 목적과 과정에 대한 기본적인 철학을 반영하여야 하기 때문에, 일반적 의미에서의 수업모형뿐만 아니라 음악과에 특화된 수업모형을 동시에 필요로 한다. 또한 음악과의 수업은 크게 가창, 기악, 감상, 창작 활동 등으로 구분할 수 있다. 이 중에서 악기를 다루는 기악 학습은 학생들로 하여금 악기의 특성을 이해하게 하고, 악기의 기본 주법을 익히게 하며, 반복 연습을 통해 기초 기능을 습득하게 하고, 다양한 형태의 악곡을 연주하게 하는 활동들을 포함한다. 이와 같은 기악학습의 내용에 비추어 볼 때, 모든 교과에서 활용될 수 있는 일반적인 수업모형이나 가창, 감상, 창작수업 모형과는 차별화된 기악수업 모형의 필요성이 제기 된다. 이에 본 연구는 기악학습의 심동적 발전단계와 학습 원리에 기반을 둔 기악수업 설계모형의 탐색 및 구체적인 단계별 적용 지침을 제시하였다. The purpose of this study is to comprehend the general meaning of models of instruction and to seek for a method specifically for instrumental learning apart from models of instruction within the music department. Studies on models of instruction carry an important meaning regarding the structure and reality of a class. So far, compared to the significance that studies on models of instruction in the music department hold, the reality is that not a great deal of research is being conducted. Since models of instruction for music class should reflect the basic philosophy of the purpose and process of music teaching methods, there is a need for a specialized model of instruction targeting the music department, apart from the general meaning of models of instruction. Additionally, instructions for music class can be categorized into singing, instruments, listening, composing etc. Among these, instrumental learning allows students to understand the feature of the instrument, familiarize themselves to the instrument’s playing style, acquire fundamental skills through repeated practice and play various types of tunes. According to the perspective of instrumental learning, there is a need for a differentiated model of instruction learning a musical instrument and singing, listening and composing, apart from the general model that can be used in all departments. Hence this study has displayed the investigation of design model of instrumental learning and the detailed stage application of guidance based on the psychomotor stage of development and study principle of instrumental learning.

조직시민행동(OCB)의 선행요인 연구

김경석(Kim, Kyoung Seok) 한국인사관리학회 2011 조직과 인사관리연구 Vol.35 No.2

조직시민행동(OCB)의 선행요인에 관한 연구는 대단히 광범위하다. 개인차원, 집단차원, 그리고 조직차원에서 실로 다채로운 변수들이 거론되고 있으며, 더욱이 이들 변수들은 대부분 나름대로의 탄탄한 논리적 근거를 가질 뿐 아니라 실증적으로도 OCB와의 연관성이 반복적으로 확인되고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 OCB의 선행요인에 관한 연구들을 우선 설명방식이라는 기준에 의거 일목요연하게 정리하고, 나아가 이를 바탕으로 여러 설명방식들을 동시에 고려함으로써 그 상대적 효과를 비교하는 데에 일차적 목적을 두고 있다. 그리고 이 과정에서 특히 수단모형에 초점을 맞추어 논의를 진행하고 있는데, 이는 수단모형이 OCB의 발현과 관련해서 대단히 큰 잠재력을 지니고 있음에도, 기존연구들 사이에서는 이 부분이 크게 부각되지 못하고 있다는 문제의식에 근거하고 있다. 한편 본 연구는 방법론적으로는 여타 설명방식들의 OCB에 대한 설명력을 통제한 상태에서 수단모형이 가지는 증분설명력을 검증하는 형식을 취하고 있으며, 이러한 수단모형을 반영하는 구체적 변수로서는 역할내행동(IRB)을 활용하고 있다. 215명의 표본을 대상으로 진행된 분석결과를 보면, 예상했던 바와 같이, 수단모형은 여타 설명방식들의 설명력을 초과하는 증분설명력을 갖는 것으로 나타나고 있으며, 이러한 효과는 OCB의 두 하위차원인 개인지향OCB(OCBI) 및 조직지향 OCB(OCBO)에 모두에 대하여 공히 관찰되고 있다. 본 연구의 이러한 결과는 OCB의 발현을 보다 온전히 이해하기 위해서는 기존의 여타 설명방식들에 더하여, 특히 수단모형에 대한 연구가 좀 더 보강될 필요가 있음을 강력히 시사하고 있다. Organizational citizenship behavior(OCB) has been an active research area for the past decades. OCB is employee behavior that goes above and beyond the call of duty, that is discretionary and not explicitly recognized by the employing organization’s formal reward system, and that contributes to organizational effectiveness. In a word, OCB has great potential as a organizational slack. As such, researchers have been showing great interest in the antecedents of OCB, and as a result, now we can meet so many antecedents of OCB from individual level variables to group or organizational level variables that are said to be important in explaining OCB. Additionally each of these variables is known to have its own sound logic and statistically significant effect on OCB. However the results of these studies are so fragmented that researchers have a great difficulty in drawing some meaningful or coherent conclusions. Literally it is high time to integrate the results of existing researches, and this study is an attempt for that. The specific purposes of this study are two-fold. The one is classification of these antecedents or variables based on the theoretical logic of each of them. Actually I classify these antecedents into several explaining models of OCB, for instance, exchange model, trait model, normative model, and instrumentality model. The other is to investigate the relative effects of each explaining model on OCB. In terms of methodology, I focus on the incremental validity of instrumentality model, because researchers have neglected this model for all its merits. The important finding of this study are as follows. First, instrumentality model shows statistically significant effects on OCBI & OCBO respectively. Second, the effect of instrumentality model on OCB remains significant after controlling the effects of other three explaining models(exchange model, trait model, and normative model).

모델규명법에 기초한 열간 사상압연 선진율 학습모델

황이철(I Cheol Hwang),김신일(Shin Il Kim) 대한기계학회 2017 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.41 No.1

이 논문에서는 열간 사상압연 공정에서 스트립 통판성의 안정성과 판 품질 향상을 위하여 새로운 선진율 학습모델 개발에 관한 연구를 수행한다. 먼저 기존의 선진율 해석모델에 대한 고찰을 통해 스트립 장력, 루퍼 각도 그리고 롤 주속이 선진율 학습에 크게 영향을 미치는 주요 압연 인자들임을 보인다. 두 번째로는 선진율 학습의 주요 압연 인자들을 이용하여 새로운 선진율 학습모델을 도출한 후, 보조변수 규명 알고리즘을 이용하여 이산시간계 학습모델을 규명한다. 끝으로 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통해 이 논문에서 제안한 새로운 학습모델이 기존의 학습모델보다 유용함을 보인다. This paper reviews the learning model of a forward slip ratio in order to improve the mass-flow stability and strip qualities in the hot strip finishing mill process. Firstly, it is shown, from mathematical analysis, that the significant parameters of the forward slip ratio are the tension, looper angle, and roll velocity. Secondly, a discrete-time learning model of the forward slip ratio is proposed from these parameters, which is identified by an instrumental variable (IV) identification algorithm. Finally, it is shown from computer simulation that the proposed learning model is more effective than the existing learning model.

Friction-Model-Based Estimation of Interaction Force of a Surgical Robot

Subon Kim,Doo Yong Lee 제어로봇시스템학회 2015 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.10

This paper reports a method to estimate the interaction forces between the surgical robot instrument and the organ tissues. A previous estimation method uses the kinematical relationship of the surgical robot instrument to estimate the interaction force at the distant tip. It is experimentally found that there is non-ignorable estimation error due to some torque loss and the friction forces inside the instrument attributes to the torque loss. In this paper, a friction model is developed to more accurately estimate the interaction force considering the structure of the instrument. The friction model also reflects the effects of the tendon-driven mechanism inside the instrument on the estimation error. Experimental result shows that the estimation error can be reduced approximately 80% in single degree of freedom free motion compared to when the friction force model was not used.

Model Repositioning Instrument를 이용한 악교정 수술의 치험례

이남기,최동순,차봉근,박영욱,김지혁,Lee, Nam-Ki,Choi, Dong-Soon,Cha, Bong-Kuen,Park, Young-Wook,Kim, Ji-Hyuck 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2006 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.28 No.3

Moderate to severe dentofacial deformities usually require combined orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery to obtain the most stable result with optimal function and facial esthetics. Accordingly, the orthodontist and oral maxillofacial surgeon must be able to exactly diagnose existing deformities, establish an appropriate treatment plan, and execute the recommended treatment. Especially, to obtain optimal result of the maxillary surgery, model surgery is essential. But, the preoperatively planned position of the maxillary dental arch often cannot be sufficiently achieved during actual surgery, and deviations in the sagittal and vertical dimensions are common. To achieve three dimensional repositioning of the maxilla exactly, several methods have been introduced so far. Recently Model Repositioning Instrument (MRI, SAM, Inc., $M\ddot{u}nchen$, Germany), one of these methods, has been introduced and applied clinically, which is reported as accurate, effective and prompt method for three dimensional repositioning of the maxilla. This article describes an introduction and a clinical application of this MRI.

Verb class and instrument PPs: A mixed model analysis

( Hye-won Choi ) 경희대학교 언어정보연구소 2017 언어연구 Vol.34 No.2

This paper investigates whether a lexical variance caused by verbs influences the choice and frequency of instrument with-PPs. The corpus data shows that observations grouped by verb class demonstrate systematically different behaviors and this individual variance of verb classes can be captured by means of a random effect of a mixed-effects model. Building up on Choi`s (2012) research that identifies the syntactic, semantic, and morphological factors that influence the presence of instrument with-PPs as fixed effects, the current study classifies the instrument-taking verbs into verb classes, based on Levin`s (1993) study, and builds a mixed-effects model taking verb class as a random variable. The new statistical technique of hierarchical, multi-level, mixed-effects modeling (Baayen 2008; Bresnan et al. 2007; Gelman and Hill 2007; Johnson 2008; Kuperman 2009; Pinheiro and Bates 2000) can process across-word fixed effects and by-word random effects together. By taking into consideration the subtle syntactic and semantic characteristics of verbs, this new modeling analysis provides a way to incorporate native speakers` lexical knowledge into grammar. (Ewha Womans University)

Verb class and instrument PPs: A mixed model analysis

최혜원 경희대학교 언어정보연구소 2017 언어연구 Vol.34 No.2

This paper investigates whether a lexical variance caused by verbs influences the choice and frequency of instrument with-PPs. The corpus data shows that observations grouped by verb class demonstrate systematically different behaviors and this individual variance of verb classes can be captured by means of a random effect of a mixed-effects model. Building up on Choi's (2012) research that identifies the syntactic, semantic, and morphological factors that influence the presence of instrument with-PPs as fixed effects, the current study classifies the instrument-taking verbs into verb classes, based on Levin’s (1993) study, and builds a mixed-effects model taking verb class as a random variable. The new statistical technique of hierarchical, multi-level, mixed-effects modeling (Baayen 2008; Bresnan et al. 2007; Gelman and Hill 2007; Johnson 2008; Kuperman 2009; Pinheiro and Bates 2000) can process across-word fixed effects and by-word random effects together. By taking into consideration the subtle syntactic and semantic characteristics of verbs, this new modeling analysis provides a way to incorporate native speakers’ lexical knowledge into grammar.

강원도 의료기기 산업의 FTA 비즈니스 모델 연구

김태인(Tae-In Kim),이제홍(Je-Hong Lee) 한국관세학회 2013 관세학회지 Vol.14 No.1

This study wished to construct and propose correct FTA business model in Gangwon-do Medical instrument industry for FTA practical use maximization. First, it is importing country of parts transfer and partner customs tariff lowering model. Because exporting company can receive tariff cut benefit if exporting company imports raw material of Medical instrument product from FTA partner, that is, United States or Europe and ASEAN country, they can achieve cost reduction. Also, when export to FTA partner, I can get partner customs tariff lowering benefit if makes and is accordantly to Origin Criterion of FTA. Second, it is a model which utilize Roll-Up standard and intermediate goods article. Structure of Medical instrument industry including Gangwon-do is form that export finished goods after produce half-finished goods of module unit by domestic raw material and import raw material. Therefore, this model can utilize to Value added criteria that produce because convert the whole price of half-finished goods to Regional Value Content. Third, it is a model which utilize accumulation article. Medical instrument company, which import core parts from United States and European Union, can use at export in United States and European Union market and use only to Value added criteria. Fourth, there are model which utilize physical distribution point of the ASEAN country and model which utilize bond processing area that utilize East Sea FTZ (Free trade zone).

강원도의 산업별 FTA Business 모델 개발에 관한 연구

김태인(Tae-In Kim),이준건(Jun-Jian Li) 한국무역연구원 2013 무역연구 Vol.9 No.1

This study wished to construct and propose correct FTA business model in Comparative Advantage Industries(food, cosmetics, medical instrument) for FTA practical use maximization. First, it is importing country of parts transfer and partner customs tariff lowering model. Because exporting company can receive tariff cut benefit if exporting company imports raw material of exporting product from FTA partner, that is, United States or Europe and ASEAN country, they can achieve cost reduction. Also, when export to FTA partner, it can get partner customs tariff lowering benefit if makes and is accordantly to Origin Criterion of FTA. Second, it is a model which utilize Roll-Up standard, intermediate goods article and accumulation article. Third, there are model which utilize physical distribution point of the ASEAN country and model which utilize bond processing area that utilize East Sea FTZ (Free trade zone).

국내 기업개인정보보호 측정항목과 관리모형 개발에 관한 연구

이성중(SungJoong Lee),이영재(YoungJai Lee) 한국데이타베이스학회 2009 Journal of information technology applications & m Vol.16 No.4

With the rising reliance on market estimation through customer analysis in customer-centered marketing, there is a rapid increase in the amount of personal data owned by corporations. There has been a corresponding rise in the customers' interest in personal information protection, and the problem of personal information leakage has risen as a serious issue. The purpose of this research is to develop a diagnosis model for personal information protection that is suited to our country's corporate environment, and on this basis, to present diagnostic instruments that can be applied to domestic corporations. This diagnosis model is a structural equation model that schematizes the degree of synthetic effect that administration factors and estimation items have on the protection of personal information owned by corporations. We develop the model- consisting of the administration factors for personal information protection and the measurement items of each factor- using the development method of standardized structural equation model. We then present a tool through which the administration factors and estimation items verified through this model can be used in the diagnosis for personal information protection in corporations. This diagnostic tool can be utilized as a useful instrument to prevent in advance the leakage of personal information in corporations.