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김춘수 문학의 여성 인식에 나타난 이상화/대상화의 기제 연구
최희진 한국여성문학학회 2023 여성문학연구 Vol.58 No.-
본고는 김춘수의 자술·자평으로부터 벗어나 김춘수의 문학을 재독해보는 시도의 일환으로, 김춘수의 문학에 나타나는 여성 인식에 대한 분석을 시도한다. 김춘수의 문학 작품에서 여성의 존재는 추상화되거나 이상화되는 경향을 보인다. 이것은 대상화의 기제와 상통한다는 점에서 문제적이다. 여성을 이상의 상징으로활용하거나 지극히 이상적인 존재로 그려내는 시인의 사유 속에서 대상화의 기제는 작동한다. 존재의 구원에 대한 탐구라는 주제의식의 강렬성이 대상화의 기제를 은폐한다. 그러나 ‘성녀로서의 창녀’ 모티프는 그와 같은 문제적인 지점을결정적으로 탈은폐하는 역할을 수행한다. 존재의 구원에 대한 갈망이라는 주제를 형상화하는 과정에서, 김춘수는 성녀로서의 창녀라는 남성 중심적 판타지를 재생산한다. 이것은 김춘수라는 시인이 활동하던 1970년대 호스티스 영화의 문법 구조와도 일정 부분 맞닿아 있다. 그러나 성녀가 아닌/이상적이지 않은/현실의 여성을 외면한 채, 성녀적인/이상적인/고통을 승화시킨 존재가 될 것을 요구한다는 점에서 ‘성녀로서의 창녀’ 판타지는 문제적이다. 존재적 구원에의 갈급을 주제화하는 작품의 배면에 자리한시인의 여성 인식은, 남성 중심적 이데올로기의 한계점을 경유하여, 타자에 대한윤리적 숙고의 지점까지를 생성시킨다. 이상의 논의를 통해 김춘수의 문학 작품에 나타나는 여성 인식을 현재적 관점에서 재검토하는 동시에, 시인의 언술에 의존하는 경향을 벗어나 김춘수 연구의 자장을 확장해보고자 하였다. This study analyzes the representations of women in the literary works of Kim Chunsoo in order to reread his writings in a way that breaks away from his own explanations of his works. In Kim Chun-soo’s literary works, there is a tendency to idealize women or treat them in the abstract. This approach is problematic, as it is similar to objectification. The objectification of women appears when Kim Chun-soo uses female figures to symbolize utopia or when Kim describes women as idealized beings. It is difficult to identify these moments of objectification, as the theme of “the salvation of being” is quite dominant in these works. However, the motif of the “prostitute as a saint” plays a crucial role in concealing such problematic representations. When representing the salvation of the individual in his literary works, Kim Chunsoo summons and reproduces the fantasy of the prostitute as a saint. This fantasy is related to the hostess film boom in 1970s Korea. The problem, however, is that the fantasy of “the prostitute as a saint” requires women to become sacred-idealized-sublimated beings who are not sacred nor holy while ignoring the actual realities of women. Kim Chun-soo’s understanding of women, which operates as a premise for the theme of the salvation of the individual, creates space for the ethical contemplation of others via the problem of masculinity ideology. Through the discussion above, this paper attempts to reexamine the representation of women in Kim Chun-soo’s literary works from a contemporary perspective.
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趙柱喜 단국대학교 일본연구소 2009 일본학연구 Vol.28 No.-
Women's image in Murakami Haruki's works could be classified as a woman saint and a prostitute. While Haruki did not demand openly virginity or feminine virtue through the women represented in his works from the initial work consistently, he conceals his admiration for virginity with tactful tricks. In the base of his concept, there is a male-dominated way of thinking for him that women only exist as the others supporting for men. It cannot be denied that Haruki's novel lies lethally in the outer edge with the prospective of feminism in that women are not assessed to women themselves, but described as the others for men. Of course, although every author does not have to develop their works on the ground of equality, in case of Haruki's works, that is tactfully concealed and well packed with the subject of 'a hurt' and 'a cure'. If the theme of Haruki's future works will focus on 'a relief' and represent the direction, it is necessary that Haruki indicates more lucid and direct commitment to the theme.
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성서 속 상징의 현대적 적용을 위한 제언 : 요한계시록에 나타난 ‘성녀’와 ‘창녀’ 이미지를 중심으로
한규현,권혁남 부산대학교 여성연구소 2023 여성학연구 Vol.33 No.2
The language of the Bible reflects the violent and patriarchal times of thousands of years ago, so modern readers are required to reinterpret it according to the changing times. At this time, it is difficult to grasp the meaning of the book of Revelation written in the symbolic language of fantasy. This thesis aims to guide readers to interpret and experience symbols in various ways through the horizon of the hermeneutic diversity of symbolic language in the Bible. To this end, it presents a horizon for symbolic language to be interpreted and experienced in various ways by presenting an aesthetic appreciation attitude as a biblical interpretation methodology. This requires a minimally moderate hermeneutic framework that does not undermine the theological message the Bible originally intended to convey. As an example of the biblical author's use of anachronistic language, this paper pays attention to the use of dichotomous images of 'saint' and 'prostitute' through the symbols of "the woman clothed with the sun" and "the harlot of Babylon" in the Book of Revelation. This dichotomous language does not reflect the violence of the author of the Bible against weak women but rather reflects the situation of historical violence that the author himself was experiencing. In other words, it means that the place of the author's life is revealed as a suffering weak man, not a strong man. Therefore, it is suggested that the reader can expand the horizon of experience in the language of the weak and the life of the weak as suggested by the Bible.
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김문정 고려대학교세종캠퍼스 한국학연구소 2024 한국학연구 Vol.88 No.-
This article aims to examine the socialization process and gender consciousness of the main character, Lee Kyung, focusing on Park Wan-seo's debut work, Namok. The PX, which appears in the background of the work, is a place that makes Lee Kyung feel proud as an economic subject, and is also a problematic space in that misogyny and the commodification of women are rampant. Lee Kyung meets several people at her PX. First, the inevitable failure of her meeting with the American soldier, Jo, can be interpreted as resistance to his dichotomous view of women as a ‘maid from a foster home’ and a ‘prostitute.’ However, this misogynistic view is also revealed in Lee Kyung herself. Lee Kyung discovers that Diana Kim, whom he thought was a corrupt woman, is actually a kind mother. Diana Kim’s heterogeneous appearance clearly exposes the falsity of the dichotomy of ‘mother’ vs. ‘prostitute’ maintained by patriarchal society. In the work, the characters who have a special relationship with Lee Kyung are Ok Hee-do and Hwang Tae-soo. If Lee Kyung’s feelings for Ok Hee-do are close to agape love, her feelings for Hwang Tae-su can be seen as eros love. However, the possibility of two seemingly contradictory aspects of love can also be said to be an effect of the PX space. The ending, in which Lee Kyung chooses Hwang Tae-soo as her spouse, could be read as a continuation of an old plot and a passive choice for a stable life. However, it is appropriate to interpret this as an embodiment of erotic love that emphasizes the rational aspect. Namok can be said to be a useful work that captures the topography of gender awareness in Korean society during the Korean War.
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