藥山 吳光運의 시창작론 : <詩指>를 중심으로

김명환 翰林大學校 泰東古典硏究所 2007 泰東古典硏究 Vol.23 No.-

약산 오광운은 18세기 초반에 활동한 근기남인의 대표하는 문인으로, 위항시인(委巷詩人)의 시선집인 소대풍요(昭代風謠) 의 서문(序文)과 보발문(補跋文)을 통해서 위항문인에 대한 사대부의 인식을 보여주었고, <문지(文指)>·<시지(詩指)>·<부지(賦指)> 등에서는 중국 역대 문인에 대한 단편적인 평과 함께 자신의 문학론을 기술하였으며, 사회 문제와 역사 문제를 제재로 작품화한 특징이 있다. 그는 근기 남인의 영수격인 미수 허목의 사상적 전통을 이어서, 육경(六經)에 연원을 둔 문학론을 전개하였다. 따라서 실생활에서 도를 찾고 이를 , 문학 활동을 통해 구현하려고 하는 재도론적 문학론을 피력하였다. 한편 약산은 문화적 주체 의식을 강조하였는데, 이는 시를 배우는데 있어서 개성을 강조하는 것으로 이어진다. 그중 약산의 시론에 대한 논의를 집성한 글이 <시지>이다. 그는 이글에서 각 시체의 시 풍격과 전범이 되는 시인들 그리고 시에 반드시 있어야 하는 6가지 요건과 경계해야할 6가지 사항을 제시하고 있다. 6가지 요건은 ‘격(格)·조(調)·정(情)·성(聲)·색(色)·취(趣)’인데 각각 시의 격식, 음률의 조화, 예술형상화의 내용, 음악적 여운, 심상, 심상적 여운 등으로 풀이 할 수 있다. 약산은 이중에서 ‘정’과 ‘취’를 특히 중요시 하였다. 한편 약산은 6가지 경계해야 할 사항으로는 "이속(俚俗)·초급(噍急)·유괴(幽怪)·섬세(纖細)‘다인사’(多引事)·희영물(喜咏物)” 등을 들고 있다. 이중에서 약산은 ‘다인사’와 ‘희영물’을 특히 경계할 대상으로 삼았다. 즉 ‘다인사’는 내용의 혼란을 가중함은 물론 작품의 생명력이라고 할 수 있는 개성이 없어지기 때문이고, ‘희영물’은 시대에 필요한 사안을 말하기 보다는 구전되어오는 화석화된 표현을 사용함으로써 진실성이 상실되고 생동감이 없어지기 때문이다. Yaksan(藥山) Oh Gwang-un(吳光連) was a literati of the early 18th century who represented the Geungi Namin(近畿南人). He disPlayed the consciousness of a man of high birth(士大夫) toward Wihang literati fhro ugh the preface andepilogue in Sodae pungyo.(昭代風證), a collection of selectedpoems by Wihang poets. He also distinguished himself by delineating his own literary theory and a short critique ofpast Chinese literati in munn(文指), siji(詩指), and buji(賦指) as well as Producing works with social and historical issuesas subjects. By continuing the ideological tradition of Misu Heo Mok, head of the Geungi Namin, Yaksan developed a literary theory that has its foundation on the Six Classics. Thus, he set forth a systematic literary theory that attempts to find the Way in everyday life and embodied this through literary activities. On the other hand, Yaksan emphasized the cultural sense of sovereignty, which led to emphasis on individuality in poetic learning. "siji" is a collection of writings which discusses Yaksan's theory on poetry. In this collection, he presented distinguished poets who represented each poetic style, six requisites which must be in cluded in a poem, and six items to be cautious of. The six requisites are "gak(格), jo(調), jeong(情), seong(聲), saek(色), and chwi(趣)" which can be interpreted as each poem's formalities, harmony of musical essence, contents of artistic formation, musical suggestiveness, images of the mind, and suggestiveness of images of the mind. Yaksan considered especially jeong and chwi among the six requisites. In addition, Yaksan chose “isok(俚俗)·chogeup(噍急)·yugoe(幽怪)·seomse(纖細), dainsa(多引事), and huiyeongmul(喜咏物)”as the six items to be cautious of. Yaksan especially admonished against dainsa and huiyeongmul among these six items in that the content of dainsa not only aggravates chaos but also does not contain individuality which is the life of literature and huiyeongmul is divested of truth and loses vividness through the usage of orally transmitted expressions rather than discuss matters necessary to the times.

BaFBr:Eu^(2+) 형광체의 열형광매개변수 결정

김성환,박명환,이준일 대구보건대학 2000 대구보건대학 論文集 Vol.20 No.-

BaFBr:Eu^(2+) phosphors were fabricated and trap parameters of thermoluminescence were determined by heating rate method. The glow curve of BaFBr:Eu^(2+) consists of three peaks when the heating rate is 4 ℃/s. The temperatures of peaks are 79 ℃, 175 ℃ and 292 ℃. To determine the trap parameters, the heating rate changed from 2 ℃/s to 10 ℃/s when we measured the glow curve. As a result of heating rate method, the activation energy are 0.98, 1.38 and 1.91 eV, the kinetic order are 1.20, 2.54 and 1.46, the frequency factor are 6.7×10¹³, 2.4×10^(15) and 7.9×10^(16) s^(-1), for each peaks.

Sparganum 에서 생성된 성장호르몬 유사물질에 관한 면역조직화학적 연구

김명옥,김창환,곽기훈 慶尙大學校 1990 論文集 Vol.29 No.2

Spirometra erinacei의 전이숙주인 흰쥐가 제 3기유충 Plerocercoid (Sparganum)에 감염되었을때 숙주의 성정에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 흰쥐에 Sparganum을 감염시켜 숙주의 성장을 조절하는 뇌하수체 조직중 성장호르몬(GH) 분비세포와 Sparganum에서 성장호르몬 유사물질 분비조직과의 관련성이 있는가를 면역조직화학적으로 추구하였으며 또한 Sparganum의 감염에 따라 숙주의 혈중 성장호르몬의 농동변화등을 관찰하여 다음과 같은 실험결과를 얻었다. 1. 뇌하수체에서 성장호르몬 양성분비 세포는 정상대조군보다 감염 45일, 60일, 75일째 가장 감소하였으며, 감염 90일째는 정상대조군과 같은 수준으로 회복되었다. 2. Sparganum에서 전체적으로 tegument와 epidermal musculature에 성장호르몬 유사물질을 분비하는 세포들이 많이 분포하였고, 감염일이 경과될수록 tegement와 epidermal musculature층이 두껍게 염색반응이 나타났으며, parenchymal musculature내에서도 일부 염색되었다. 특히, epidermal musculature 층에서 성장호르몬 양성세포들이 많이 나타났다. 3. SPARGANUM에 감염된 쥐의 혈중 성장호르몬 농도는 정상대조군과 유의차가 없었다. In the studies, we carried out to localize the growth hormone(GH) analogue in Sparganum and to investigate the influence of GH like substance on the rats during infection period, by immunohistochemistry and dot-ELISA. For immunohistochemistry, pituitaries of adult male rats infected with Sparganum and Sparganum itself were disseced out after perfusion with 4% neutral buffered paraformaldehyde. Tissues were embedded and sectioned at a thickness of 5 ㎛. Rabbit anti-rat GH was used as a first antibody avidin-biotin peroxidase complex(ABC) method was applied. The concentration of GH in rat blood was estimated by dot-ELISA with anti-rat GH and ABC complex. The results obtained were as follows: 1. In the pituitary glands of the infected rats, the GH secreting cells decreased in number at 45, 60, 75 days after first infection. But at 90 days after infection, the number of GH secreting cells retain the control level. 2. The Sparganum had many GH like substance secreting cells in its tegument and epidermal musculature. As the infections are longer, the tegument and epidermal musculature were stained more intensely. And also parenchymal musculature was stained pratially. 3. The concentration of GH in the blood of infected rats had no significant difference between infected groups and normal groups.

이동 X-선 촬영시 산란 X-선의 공간분포 측정

김도성,박명환 대구대학교 기초과학연구소 1998 基礎科學硏究 Vol.14 No.2

The spatial distribution of the scattered X-ray exposure for mobile X-ray radiography is measured. The scattered X-ray exposures at the radius of 50 cm, 100 cm and 150 cm from the irradiation center are 880, 180 and 50 μ R, respectively. This scattered X-rays can be reduced to 60 % by inserting the portable shield made by 0.04 mm copper sheet sandwiched in two plywoods.

大邱附近의 土壤調査와 그 主要成分의 分析

金命煥 대구교육대학교 1965 論文集 Vol.1 No.-

In this country, the farming population makes up two thirds of the whole nation. We can realize the intensive farming through studying soil and applying its results to the practical use. In this discourse the writer tried to study the changes between the two experimentations and to fidn any proper measures to improve the soil conditions. (1) The first experiment was made on soil which was taken at 120 places of Taegu area (1957), and the second one was made at 101 places at the same area (1964). (2) The experiment was made over soil, P.H., exchange acidity, hydrolytical acidity, carbon of humus, nitrogen etc. (3) P.h. was diminished at the rate of 0.43 compared with the average of kyungpook Province before 1945, and at the rate of 0.21 compared with the first experiment. Acidity was increased and the present P.H. is 5.47. (4) The average of the present hydrolytical acidity is 23.8 and that of exchange acidity is 1.67, and the former was increasing at the rate of 5.7 and the latter at the rate of 0.47. It shows increasing tendency and P.H. is likely to increase, too. (5) Carbon of human is 1.2% and it will not be enough for the growth of plants. This is diminished 0.2% and it shows diminishing tendency from now on. (6) Nitrogen is 0.22% and it will be enough. It was increasing 0.04% Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are required for fertilization.

Zr-1.5Nb-xSn 합금의 미세조직 및 부식에 미치는 열처리 온도와 Sn 함량의 영향

김영화,위명용,백종혁,정용환 대한금속재료학회 2004 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.42 No.2

The corrosion behaviors of Zr-based alloys were investigated with a series of Zr-1.5Nb-xSn ternary alloys which had the variations of β_(Nb) content and final annealing condition. As a result of microstructural study, the _(enriched) was observed in the samples annealed at 640℃, regardless of Sn content. The volume fraction of the precipitates and the Nb concentration in the precipitates did tend to be increased with increasing the Sn content. The samples annealed at 470℃ and 570℃, where β_(Nb) precipitated, exhibited better corrosion resistance than those annealed at 640℃ where β_(Zr) precipitated. The corrosion resistance of the Zr-1.5Nb-xSn alloy system did tend to increase with increasing Sn content. This would be resulted from the reduction of Nb solubility in matrix with increasing Sn content. Thus it eventually facilitate the formation of β_(Nb) phase from the solid solution state of Nb in Zr matrix. The Nb concentration in β_(Nb) phase increased with increasing the Sn content. This would contribute to the formation of β_(Nb) from soluble Nb that existed in the solid solution of Zr matrix.

Hepatic lipase 유전자 promoter의 G-250A 다형성과 대사증후군간의 관련성

김명철,이명숙,유병철,이용환 고신대학교의과대학 2007 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.22 No.2

Background and Objectives: The -250G to A polymorphism of the hepatic lipase gene (LIPC) has been associated with lowered hepatic lipase activity, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. The aims of this study were to elucidate the relationship of the G-250A polymorphism of LIPC with metabolic syndrome in Koreans. Methods: A total of 943 health screen examinees were enrolled in this study who were examined in Kosin University Gospel Hospital from December 2004 to February 2006. The height, weight, body mass index, body fat mass, visceral fat mass, waist circumference, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the subjects were examined and fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglyceride were measured by sampling in venous blood. The metabolic syndrome was defined as the presence of three or more of the following : waist circumference men≥90 cm, women≥80 cm, blood pressure≥130/85 mmHg, fasting glucose≥110 mg/dL, HDL cholesterol men<40 mg/dL, women<50 mg/dL, triglyceride≥150 mg/dL. The blood pressure, fasting glucose, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride were evaluated by using the criteria of NECP ATP Ⅲ and waist circumference was assessed by using the criteria of WHO Asia-Western Pacific. The genotype at position -250 of the hepatic lipase promoter was determined by single base extension and electrophoresis. Results: The observed frequencies of the -250G to A polymorphism of LIPC were 49.8% for the metabolic syndrome, 51.4% for the control group and 50.9% in total subjects. The frequency of the A allele was 36% in total subjects. Concentration of triglyceride was significantly higher in subjects with GA and AA genotypes in women.. Conclusion: The -250A allele frequency was 36% in Koreans and the -250G to A polymorphism of LIPC seems to significantly influence to plasma triglyceride levels in women.

진동대 모형 실험과 3차원 수치해석을 통한 농업용 저수지의 내진안정성 분석

송창섭, 김명환, 우제근 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2017 農業科學硏究 Vol.33 No.1

The object of this paper was to determine seismic safety of agricultural reservoir. This study was carried out to analysis for the displacement characteristic and seismic acceleration characteristic. This study compare and evaluated the results of shaking table tests and 3-D Numerical analysis. As a result of the shaking table test, acceleration increased 10% after the installation in the short period seismic wave toward the center of levee, The maximum displacement was 11.98 mm in long - term seismic wave, and the permissible shipment variation was corrected to be less than 1% and 220 mm in ‘Assessment and improvement of seismic performance of existing dam’. As a result of 3-D Numerical analysis by combined load of railway vibration load and ground acceleration, the acceleration increased by maximum 2.97 times from bedrock acceleration 0.154 g in short period and long period seismic wave, The displacement was found to be 79.6 mm above the bank in the long - term seismic wave after construction, and the permanent displacement was 11.5 mm in the railway. 3-D Numerical analysis results showed ‘Assessment and improvement of seismic performance of existing dam’ as well as shaking table model test. Further research is needed on the combined action of railway and seismic loads for the seismic stability of agricultural reservoirs.

Glow 곡선 Fitting에 의한 TLD의 포획매개변수 결정

박명환,김성환 대구보건대학 1998 대구보건대학 論文集 Vol.18 No.-

Highly sensitive CaSO₄:Tm TLD are fabricated and their trap parameters are determined. The glow curve of CaSO₄:Tm consists of three glow peaks and these peaks are isolated by the thermal bleaching method. The isolated glow peaks are fitted by a least squares method. The activation energies are 0.68, 0.82 and 1.03 eV. The frequency factors are 8.09×10^(6), 9.14×10^(8) and 1.03×10^(9)/s, and the kinetic orders are 1.37, 1.54 and 1.68, respectively. The optimun temperature range of the main peak for radiation dosimetry is 220~290℃.

TLD의 제작과 전자선의 흡수선량 분포 측정

박명환,김성환,이준일 대구보건대학 1999 대구보건대학 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

In this study, the highly sensitive CaSO₄:Tm-PTFE TLDs has been fabricated for the purpose of measurement of high energy electron. CaSO₄:Tm phosphor powder was mixed with polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) powder and moulded in a disk type(diameter 8.5㎜, thickness 90㎎/㎠) by cold pressing. The batch uniformities were average deviation 3.1%. The TLDs were determined to be R_(100)=14.5㎜, R_(50)=24.1㎜ and R_(p)=31.8㎜, respectively. The beam flatness were 4.5% as the variation of dose relative to the central axis over the central 80% of the field size at a maximum dose depth in a plane perpendicular to the central axis.