정상 한국인에서 연령증가에 따른 혈장 Dehydroepiandrosteronesulfate ( DHEA-S ) 농도 및 DHEA - S / cortisol 비의 변화

박성우,유형준,임성희,최문기,유재명,박민숙,이권엽,박철수,김철홍,김현규,김두만,박규용 대한내분비학회 1997 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.12 No.2

Backgroud: DHEA-S is the most abundant steroid hormone in circulation, and primarily secreted from the adrenal cortex, but its physiological role is little known. One of the characteristic features of DHEA-S is progressive decrement of plasma DHEA-S level with advancing age, in contrast, plasma levels of other adrenal hormones are not chaging or littie decreasing. To grasp the trends of plasma DHEA-S level and DHEA-S/cortisol ratio by age in healthy Korean, we measured the plasma DHEA-S levels and DHEA-S/cortisol ratios in healthy Korean. Methods: Healthy Korean(men: 99, women: 102, age range: 15-97 year old)were studied. Subjects were not taking drugs(such as glucocorticoid or androgenic medication) or cigarettes known to modify the plasma level of DHEA-S and cortisol, and had no evidence of hepatic, renal disease or hyperlipidemia as determined by serum lipid, bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT, BUN, creatinine. Data were analyzed by 10-year age group for men and women: i.e, 10-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40- 49, 50-59, 60-69, 70-79, 80-89 and 90 year or more. Plasma DHEA-S levels were measured by using a commercially available RIA kit with 125I labeled-DHEA-SO4(Coat-A Count DHEA-SO4), and for the measurement of plasma cortisol levels, commercial Gamma Coat TM[125I] Cortisol Radioimmunassay Kit was used. Results:. 1) In both men and women, plasma DHEA-S level showed high interindividual variation within the same age group. 2) There were individual sex differences in plasma levels of DHEA-S, in all age groups, plasma DHEA-S levels were significantly higher values for men than for women. 3) Maximum plasma DHEA-S levels(men; 237+-3.35 ug/dL, women; 108+-17.5 ug/dL) were at third decade in both men and women. 4) Both men and women showed the continuous decline in plasma DHEA-S level with age. These age-related decline was more prominent in men than in women(men; y= -3.152 * +292.6, r2= 0.8459, P$lt;0.05, women; y= -1.417 * +143.3, r2 = 0.7278, P$lt; 0.05). 5) As an index of aging, there was no stastical difference between DHEA-S and DHEA- S/cortisol ratio. Conclusion: In healthy Korean, there were high interindividual variation of plasrna DHEA-S levels. In both men and women plasma DHEA-S level was peak at third decade, and from when it declined progressively with age. These results suggest that although the reliability of single plasma DHEA-S measurement are limited, the decline of DHEA-S with advancing age might be a specific marker of endocrinologic hormonal milieu(aging index). Also, concerning to individual adrenal secreting capacity, we measured DHEA-S/cortisol ratio. But we did not found that plasma DHEA-S/cortisol ratio is superior to the plasma DHEA-S level as an aging index. (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 12:245-254, 1997)

제2형 당뇨병 외래 환자의 비만도에 따른 미세혈관합병증

이성규,조남한,김현만,이관우,정윤석,채봉남,김윤정,이미덕,노혜림,홍은경,조현경 대한당뇨병학회 2000 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.24 No.1

Background: Korean type 2 diabetic patients who are frequently non-obese, may be genetically different from Western type 2 diabetics who are frequently obese. Therefore, the diabetic complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Korea may be also different from those of Western countries. Until now, most studies reported in Korea did not analyse the microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus according to obesity, and also the criteria in the diagnosis of microvascular complications were different in each study. We investigated the microvascular complications and its relationship with obesity, in type 2 diabetic patients visiting an outpatient clinic. Methods: The study subjects were type 2 diabetic patients visiting an outpatient clinic of Ajou University Hospital. We selected patients participating in a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test, retrospectively. Type 2 diabetes was diagnosed according to the WHO/NDDG classification of diabetes. Biochemical studies including lipid profile, plasma insulin and C-peptide levels were done. Anthropometric measurements were performed. Based on BMI (㎏/㎡), the patients were divided into the following groups: the lean group, when the BMI was less than 20 ㎏/㎡ the ideal body weight (IBW) group, if the BMI was between 20 ㎏/㎡ and 25 ㎏/㎡ in women and 20 ㎏/㎡ and 27 ㎏/㎡ in men; and the obese group, when the BMI was $gt;25 ㎏/㎡ in women and $gt;27 ㎏/㎡ in men. Results: 1. Neuropathy (45.2%) was the most frequent among the microvascular complications, and the frequency of retinopathy was 15.1%, and that of nephropathy was 4.9%. Within 5 years of diabetes duration, the frequency of neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy was 43.2%, 11.8%, and 2.9%, respectively. 2. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA_(1c)) and fasting blood glucose levels were not different among the three groups. Beta cell function{Δ (insulin 30min - insulin Omin)/Δ(glucose 30min - glucose 0min)} was the highest in the obese group. However, beta cell function(ΔI/ΔG) divided by the basal insulin level, considered insulin resistance, was not different among the three groups. 3. Within 5 years of diabetes duration, retinopathy tended to be the most frequent in the lean group, whereas neuropathy tended to be the most frequent in the obese group, and body mass index influenced the retinopathy and neuropathy, statistically significantly. Conclusion: Diabetic neuropathy was the most frequent among microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in our study subjects. At the time of presentation within 5 years of diabetes duration, the lean group of type 2 diabetics had a tendency of the more frequent retinopathy, the obese group had a tendency of the more frequent neuropathy. These results suggest that type 2 diabetes mellitus in Korea is also not a single disease entity, as in Western countries and is a heterogenous group of disorders with a diversity of microvascular complications. However, the more studies about this will be required.

전자부품 제조업 근로자들의 시력변화에 대한 연구

이용만,안규동,이성수,함정오,김화성,리갑수,이병국 순천향의학연구소 1996 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.2 No.2

근접작업이 시력약화의 원인이 될 수 있는가를 알아보기 위하여 전자부품을 제조하는 2개 사업장에서 1991년에서 1993년까지 입사한 근로자들 중에서 근접작업으로 인정되는 마이크로칩을 조립하는 근접작업자 306명을 조사군으로, 대조군은 세탁기 타이머 및 일반 기계기구를 조립하는 작업자 154명, 계 460명을 선정하였다. 이들 대상자는 1991년 입사자는 1993, 1994, 1995년 시력을 조사하였으며, 1992년 입사자는 1993, 1994, 1995년 3년동안 조사를 하였으며, 1993년 입사자는 1994, 1995년 2년간 시력을 조사하였다. 대상자 중에서 입사시 안경을 착용한 근로자는 82명(17.8%)이었다. 따라서 남자 근로자와 안경착용자를 제외한 여성 근로자들 335명만을 추적 조사하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 조사군에서 입사시 시력 1.0 이상이었던 근로자의 분포는 취업 1년 후 약 25-35% 정도 감소하였으며, 2년후에는 약 40-60% 정도의 감소를 나타내었고, 3년 후 약 50-65% 정도로 감소하였고 4년후에는 약 65% 이상 감소하였다. 그러나 대조군에서는 1.0 이상의 시력을 보였던 근로자들의 비율이 취업 1년 또는 2년 후 15-30%의 감소를 보이고 있으나 그 이후에는 큰 변동이 없었다. 이들의 시력변화를 근무년수에 따라 알아보기 위하여 조사된 시력을 순위변수로 하여 Kruskall-Wallis 검정을 시행한 결과 조사군, 대조군 모두에서 근속년수에 따른 순위의 합의 평균이 년차적으로 유의하게 감소하였으나, 입사시부터 근속년수에 따른 조사군과 대조군과의 순위합의 평균에 의한 시력차 비교에서 입사시 조사군의 순위합의 평균이 유의하게 높았던 것이 근무기간에 따라 대조군의 평균이 높아지면서 통계적 유의성이 없고 대체적으로 1년 이후부터 변화가 적은 것으로 나타나 근접작업으로 인한 시력약화를 추정할 수 있었다. This study was carried out to investigate that the close distance works were associated with decreased visual acuity. 306 workers were subjects who had been recruited from 1991 to 1993 in two electronic parts manufacturing factories, and 154 workers were controls who had been employed from 1991 to 1993 in launder machine timer and general machine assembly factories. Subjects who had been employed in 1991 and 1992 were follow up from 1993 to 1995, and subjects who had been employed in 1993 were from 1994 to 1995. The male workers as well as glasses wearing workers were excluded. Only 335 female workers were followed up to study the change of visual acuity. The results were as follows; The rate of workers with visual acuity over 1.0 at recruit year in subjects group was decreased about 25-35% after 1 year, 40-60% after 2 years, 50-65% after 3 years, and 65% after 4 years. While, the rate of workers with visual acuity over 1.0 at recruit year in control group was decreased about 15-30% after 1 or 2 years, and there was no more additional visual acuity reduction after then. Kruskall-Wallis test was performed to investigate the change of visual acuity in subject and control group by work duration. The means scores of ranks in both group were significantly decreased by work duration. The mean scores of ranks in subject group at recruit year were significantly higher than those in control group at recruit year, but these differences were disappeared after 1 year work. Therefore, this suggest that close distance workers may be affected their visual acuity.

인터넷 광고효과에 관한 조사연구

이태로,최만규,임국환 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 2003 保健科學論集 Vol.29 No.1

As internet becomes very important communication means for numerous people, a variety of advertisement are beginning to appear on the internet. People can get information about various things and do shopping via internet. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of internet advertisement on various groups. For this study, 200 people were surveyed. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Among the various advertisement types, since most people use e-mail and check e-mail very often, the advertisement through e-mail turned out the most effective advertisement means. 2. The type of advertisement using animation and moving pictures were preferred for most consumers. 3. As for the age groups, young people had the preference for the banner style and old age groups were interested in advertisements including free gift or discount events. 4. As for the favorite hours, the people in the twenties and the thirties preferred evening time(18:00 to 24:00) and people in the forties and fifties afternoon(12:00-18:00). 5. Male consumers showed preference (or the advertisement including free service programs and female consumers preferred the advertisement including discount programs or gifts.

한국산 노루발풀의 유전적 변이와 집단구조

이인섭,문성기,허만규 慶星大學校 1997 論文集 Vol.18 No.2

Pyrola japonica (Pyrolaceae) is a perennial herbaceous species to Asia. This species reproduces both asexually by underground rhizomes and sexually by seeds. The level of genetic diversity of this species was surveyed using starch gel electrophoresis at putative six enzyme loci from 11 natural populations in Korea. Results from six loci indicated that genetic diversity was high and population divergence was found between genetic identity statistics and geographic distance between populations. Although the range of genetic diversity statistics among populations was unsually large, genetic drift and asexual reproduction did not appear to play major roles in structuring genetic variation. We concluded that the level of genetic diversity maintained within P. japonica populations and the level of population divergence was influenced by its status as forest and mode of gene flow.

유리 광배근피판을 이용한 하지의 재건

이규윤,김용배,이영만,양순재,박종섭 大韓成形外科學會 1991 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.18 No.1

Significant soft-tissue defects in the lower extremity including the tibia and the foot are best managed with free skin-muscle of skin-grafted free muscle transfers. While free flap donor sites useful for lower exremity reconstruction include the latissimus dorsi, the rectus abdominis, the gracilis, and the scapular flaps, the latissimus dorsi seems ideal. This muscle has a reliably long vascular pedicle of wide diameter, making microsurgical anastomosis of the thoracodorsal vessels straightforward. Because it is so large, it can cover virtually and size defect. Furthermore, its flat configuration makes it especially easy to fold on itself to that it can be used to closure wounds with complex three-dimensional geometry and dead space. Although the gracilis and rectus abdominis muscles have their roles, in most cases the latissimus dorsi should serve well. We described technical considerations in each case and the advantages of free latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap on the reconstruction of the soft tissue defect in the lower extremity.

통합심리치료의 인지분화훈련이 정신분열병 환자의 기초 인지기능에 미치는 영향

이희상,현명호,조현상,이연희,김태용,장순아,노규식,정기립,이만홍,유계준 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.5

연구목적 : 정신분열별 환자들을 대상으로 통합심리치료의 소프로그램인 인지분화훈련을 실시하여 실행기능, 개념형성능력, 언어능력 및 추론력에 대한 훈련이 보다 더 하위단계의 인지기능인 주의력, 기억력, 반응시간 등을 호전시킬 수 있는 지를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : DSM-IV상 정신분열병으로 진단된 24명의 입원환자를 무작위로 양분하여 한 군은 인지분화훈련군으로 다른 한 군은 대조군으로 나누었다. 훈련군은 4주동안 1주일에 3회(매회 60분간)로 총 12회의 통합심리치료의 인지분화훈련을 받았으며 대조군은 동일한 시간동안 정신건강교육을 받았다. 훈련전후에 훈련군과 대조군을 대상으로 개정판 Wechsler 기억검사로 주의집중력, 장·단기 기억력을 측정하였고 Vienna test system중 결정반응시간검사로 반응시간, 반응결정시간, 반응운동시간을 평가하였다. 연구결과 : 1) 주의집중력에서는 훈련군과 대조군사이에 집단간 효과, 집단내 효과 및 상호작용 효과가 없었다. 2) 단기기억력에서는 훈련군과 대조군사이에 집단내 효과는 있었으나(F(1,24)=10.46. p〈.05). 집단간 효과, 상호작용 효과는 없었다. 3) 장기기억력에서는 훈련군과 대조군사이에 집단내 효과는 있었으나(F(1,24)=15.09. p〈.05). 집단간 효과, 상호작용 효과는 없었다. 4) 반응시간에서는 상호작용 효과(F(1,24)=5.18, p〈.05)가 있었다. 5) 반응운동시간에서는 집단간 효과, 집단내 효과 및 상호작용 효과가 없었다. 6) 반응결정시간에서는 상호작용 효과(F(1.24)=6.00, p〈.05)가 있었다. 결 론 : 통합심리치료의 인지분화훈련은 정신분열병 환자에서 하위단계의 인지기능 중 반응시간(특히 반응결정시간)을 단축시키는 효과가 있었다. Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of cognitive differentiation training of Integrated Psychological Therapy(a training program of executive function, concept formation, language, and abstraction) on micro-level cognitive function such as attention, memory and reaction time in patients time in patients with schizophrenia. Methods : Twenty-four inpatients diagnosed as schizophrenia using DSM-IV were randomly assigned to 2 groups. The training group went through a total of 12 sessions of cognitive differentiation training for 4 weeks. The control group received psychoeducation program during the same period. Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised and Decision-Reaction Timer of Vienna Test System were administered to all patients, both before and after the training program. Results : 1) In the attention and concentration scores of Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised, between group, within group and interaction effects of training were not significant. 2) In the short-term memory scores of Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised, within group effect of training was significant(F(1,24)=10.46, p〈0.05), but the between group and interaction effects did not reach significance. 3) In the long-term memory scores of Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised, within group effect of training was significant(F(1,24)=15.09, p〈0.05), but the between group and interaction effects did not reach significance. 4) In the reaction time scores of Decision-Reaction Timer, interaction effect of training was significant(F(1,24)=5.18, p〈0.05). 5) In the motor time scores of Decision-Reaction Timer, between group, within group and interaction effects of training were not significant. 6) In the decision time scores of Decision-Reaction Timer, interaction effect of training was significant(F(1,24)=6.00, p〈0.05). Conclusion : Our findings suggest that cognitive differentiation training of Integrated Psycho-logical Therapy is partly effective on improving micro-level cognitive functions such as reaction time(especially, decision time) in patents with schizophrenia.

지방척수수막류 14례의 임상 분석 : Clinical Analysis of 14 Cases

이정호,신규만,김명현,송준혁,박향권,김성학,박동빈 대한신경외과학회 1996 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.25 No.6

Lipomyelomeningocele is the most common malformation leading to spinal cord tethering. Nonetheless, these lesion continues to pose a challenge in patient management. The purpose of this study was to identify the clinical feature, candidate for surgical repair, and outcome of lipomyelomeningocele in young children and adults. We studied the magnetic resonance images and/or lumbar myelo-CT of lipomyelomeningocele performed between January 1987 and September 1995 at our institutions and reviewed the pertinent medical records and radiologic studies to determine clinical feature, surgical candidate, and outcomes of these patients. Of the 14 cases(11 female and 3 males) studied, the most common factor that caused these patients to seek help was the cosmetic effect of the mass on their back, followed by urinary incontinence, and weakness of lower extremities. The patients' age ranged from 2 months to 21 years(mean, 5.0 years). All the patients underwent immediate surgical management that consisted of removal of lipoma, untethering of the cord, and complete dural sac repair. Follow up for these patients ranged from 6 to 82 months(median, 54 mo). None of the patients that underwent surgical correction before the emergence of neurological deficit had ever developed neurological deficits at the end of the follow up. However a few of the patients, despite presented with neurological deficits or urinary incontinence at the time of surgery, improved significantly. In conclusion, early detection and prophylactic surgery is imperative to prevent permanent neurological deficits and urinary dysfunction.

칼라 영상 데이터 소유권 보호를 위한 Hybrid 워터마킹 기법

이규대,박만규 공주대학교 생산기술연구소 2000 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

Nowadays, Data hiding technique is developing for ownership protecting of Multimedia data. The Digital Watermarking is a kind of data hiding method. Digital Watermarking with image data classified a spatial domain and a frequency domain according to position of a information inserting. In this paper, Proposed a Hybrid Watermarking which mixed each advantage of a spatial domain Watermarking and frequency domain Watermarking is so robust Watermarking.

Nifedipine 투여로 증상 호전을 보인 일측성 다발성 피부 모평활근종 1예

이은주,김윤동,이증훈,서기범,박장규,김진만 대한피부과학회 2002 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.40 No.10

We report a case multiple piloleiomyoma in a 50-year-old man. About 30 years ago, multiple red colored firm papules with pain developed on the left lower leg. The skin lesions gradually increased in number and in and size arranging in a group. Some, lesion became more painful after cold exposure. About a few years ago, new lesions developed on the left back and flank abdomen, The histologic findings showed poorly demarcated and were composed of interlacing bundles of smooth muscle fibers with varying amounts of collagen bundles being intermingled. Masson's trichrome and smooth muscle actin stain showed typical leiomyoma, and s-100 stains revealed an increased amount of nerve fibers interlacing within muscle fibers and the surrounding tissue. We diagnosed our case as unilateral multiple piloleiomyoma arising from arrector pilorum muscle. Pain was ameliorated with oral nifedipine alone.