항 혈소판 요법을 이용한 관동맥내 Stent 삽입술의 조기 결과

손지원,김영준,손민수,오세진,안태훈,최인석,신익균 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.6

韓國 敎育 理念의 探究

孫仁銖 연세대학교 교육대학원 1976 연세교육과학 Vol.10 No.-

No one travels without his destination as no ship sails without her harbour to arrive in. Education itself must likewise have its purpose to be realized. Education is called a purposeful activity and its purpose must be manifest for a desirable result. The established goal of Korean education has so far been too fantastic and abstract for us to reach. It is only consisted of all sorts of rhetorical nourishes. We have created "an odd phenomenon in Which Koreans live but to which they don't belong" because of the civilizational conception which gives the first consideration to universality. No matter how much importance we attach to universality each people has its own tradition and characteristics which must not be ignored. And the modern education in every nation ought to be different in its nature even though we do not underestimate universality in education. By taking into consideration of these problems and by laying stress on modern industrial community, restoration of human reason and basic rights, present and future problems of education and basic direction of value system, the present writer aims to investigate the educational ideology of developing Korea on the four following aspects; firstly, humanization of education, secondly, utilization and realization of education, thirdly, Koreanization of education, and lastly the education for future. This preposition of educational ideology and theme is to find out 'I' in the modern society and educational view for future. In other word, this study is attempted for self-investigation, self-discovery, and self-realization. This attempt will also help to find out our educational direction which will contribute to the construction of our creative education. The writer's view is that the establishing process of educational ideology cannot he made only by any specific reseacher or research institution but by co-operative invention and effort of men in every walk of life. The compromising attitude and many-sided approach must also be taken in various scholarships for this co-operative effort.

栗谷 敎育思想의 '立志'와 '誠'論

孫仁銖 연세대학교 인문과학연구소 1974 人文科學 Vol.32 No.-

The article investigates into Yulkok's(栗谷)(Yi I 〈李珥〉) life long pursuit on “Determination of aims in life” and “Faithfulness” to seek an educational significance. First of all, Yulkok's educational thoughts are predominent with the idea, “Determination of aims in life”, which is the beginning of learning and the true identity grown from the self-consciousness. It is the force to keep oneself balanced and to maintain oneself toward learning. Yulkok regarded the Determination as self-directed determination for maintenance and review, and an purpose-directed determination. Therefore, educational ideas and academic ideas are included here. Yulkok's Determination goes even further in recognizing it as a basis for the making of a saint. If according to him, the characteristics of saints may be attained through learning, Yulkok's idea on Determination was consistent through his life long writing, from the “Self Warning” written at the early age of 20 to the “Norm of School” completed just two years before his death. Thus, his Determination can be regarded as the force of life long learning to refine oneself and as an orientation for the realization of self. His Determination was the establishment of consciousness in learning. He explained that “the Determination is where one's mind is” It is also associated with the “motivation” which is an essential factor of achievement. Next, Yulkok claimed that the method of realizing one's Determination is through “Faithfulness”. He said, “If one is faithful, Determination will come naturally.” Thus, the only way to possess Determination is to be faithful. According to him, Faithfulness is an essential power for reasoning, manners and execution as well as for aims, reasons and characters which are the fundamentals of learning to become a saint. In short, Faithfulness is essential to everything. One cannot be faithful by oneself. One should try to be faithful. Therefore, to understand truth, we should be faithful ourselves. Yulkok declared that Faithfulness is to be truthful, not to deceive oneself. In other words, Faithfulness is always directed to oneself, which is essential and prerequisite to existence. Without Faithfulness, human being, existence and learning will have no meanings. According to him, truth, goodness and beauty are also derived from Faithfulness. Humanistic attitude is nothing but an attitude based on faithfulness. Yulkok was a great educator in that he taught us “The Way to be Human” and the methodology of human education. Yulkok also mentioned Faithfulness as a basis for learning. He says that learning starts and ends in Faithfulness, and that “learning begins where one does not decieve oneself even in the dark room”. He warns that knowledge without Faithfulness may be misused in distorting the truths. As Yulkok says, “Faithfulness is the eye to see the truths”. Therefore, it is impossible to separate Faithfulness and the truths. That is why he endeavored to see the truths through Determination and Faithfulness by keeping himself alert and refreshed. Education in a real sense will only be possible through Faithfulness. If a teacher teaches his students faithfully he will naturally win the respects of his students. Yulkok personally never scolded his students when teaching, rather he repeatedly persuaded them to allow them to come to understanding. Lifelong learning and the realization of self are also possible through Determination, Faithfulness and ceaseless endeavor. Therefore, Faithfulness is a cause for continued human progress. Consequently, “To be Faithful in his Determination” bears an important educational significance. We now see that the Determination and Faithfulness are not separated ones, but the same one in the end. Eventually, Yulkok's Determination and Faithfulness are the cores in understanding human behaviors and educational thoughts concerning especially the whole character of man. His thoughts were both theoretical and practical. His Determination and Faithfulness were not abstract, but were realized through practice. From this point of view we have to reappreciate Yulkok's Determination of Aims in Life and Faithfulness to help establish our Korean educational thoughts.

진주지역 유치원의 변천과정에 대한 연구

강인언,임성혜,손영수 진주여자전문대학 1992 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the history of early childhood education in Chinju city. And the second purpose is to find out various problems in the field of early childhood education in Chinju, and seek improved suggestions. To carry out this study, the researchers gathered many kinds of data from forty kindergarten located in Chinju city. The opening date, the present situations, and the number of teachers, children and classes of each kindergarten were included in the data. The findings and suggestions of this study are as follows : 1. The kindergarten openting in Chinju for the first time in 「Chinju Chiristian Kindergarten」opened in 1916, which is two years later than the first kintergarten for the Korean childern, 「Ewha Kindergarten」opened in 1914 in Seoul. 2. Most of the private kindergartens in Chinju are very poor in financial aspect. 3. The salary level of the teachers of private kindergarten is lower than that of public kindergarten. 4. The concept of the parents on early childhood education is distorted much more than that of the specialists. 5. Educational programs according to ages (3-5 years old children)is required. 6. To elevate the efficiency of early childhood education, the financial support of provincial government as well as central government is required. 7. To recommendate the encouragement of learning in kindergaten, many of the school inspector are necessary in the special field of the early childhood education.

Sow Transfer of Cultured Embryos : Embryo Recovery, Oocyte Collection, IVM-IVF-IVC Treatment, Vitrification/Thaw, and Surgical and Nonsurgical Transfer

Kim In-Doc,Ahn Mi-Hyun,Hur Tae-Young,Son Dong-Soo,Hong Moon-Pyo,Seok Ho-Bong 한국발생생물학회 2003 한국발생생물학회 학술발표대회 Vol.2003 No.1

The aims of this study are 1) to test oocytes and embryos collected from in-vivo and in-vitro to achieving the valuable protocol by culturing, vitrifying and thawing of oocytes/embryos, and 2) to transfer them to recipient, and finally have resulted in pregnancies from recipient females after surgical or nonsurgical transfer. In vitro maturation and fertilization were performed according to the procedures of Funahashi et al. Fertilized oocytes were cultured in glucose-free NCSU 23 supplemented with 5 mM sodium pyruvate, 0.5 mM sodium lactate and 4 mg/ml bovine serum albumin for 2 days at 39, and 10% fetal bovine serum was added to the culture medium thereafter. Embryos were treated with 7.5g/ml cytochalasin-B for 30 min, centrifuged at 13,000 g for 13 min and then exposed sequentially to an ethylene glycol (EG) vitrification solution, aspirated into OPSs, and plunged/thawed into/from liquid nitrogen. In vivo embryos were surgically collected from three donors after Al. Forty-six embryos (18, 9 and 19 embryos, respectively) were washed 3 times in mPBS+10%FBS, followed treatments : cultured, centrifuged, vitrified, recovered and transferred to recipients as in vitro prepared embryos. Three recipients received surgically 34(control), 188 and 184 embryos (derived from abattoir), respectively. Another three recipients were received nonsurgically 150, 100 and 150 embryos, respectively. All recipient sows exhibited delayed returns to estrus. To our knowledge, these results suggest that required an improved techniques, more vigorous embryos preparation and cleaner uterous condition(use gilt).

Photoreflectance 측정에 의한 InxGa₁-xAs(0.03≤X≤0.11) 에피층의 특성 연구

김인수(In-Soo Kim),손정식(Jeoog-Sik Son),이철욱(Cheul-Wook Lee),배인호(In-Ho Bae),임재영(Jae-Youog Leem),한병국(Byung-Kuk Han),신영남(Young-Nam Shin) 한국진공학회(ASCT) 1998 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.7 No.4

Molecular Beam Epitaxy(MBE)법으로 성장된 In_xGa_(1-x)As/GaAs 에피층에 대해 photoreflectance (PR)실험을 통해 특성을 조사하였다. PR 측정결과 성장된 In_xGa_(1-x)As 에피층의 띠간격 에너지(E。) 신호가 시료의 변형(strain)에 의해 heavy-hole(E。(HH))과 light-hole(E。(LH))로 분리되어 관측되었다. 에피층의 조성과 변형은 각각 시료에서의 E。(HH) 및 Eo(HH)와 Eo(LH)신호의 에너지 차이를 이용하여 구하였다. 또 160 K이하의 온도에서는 Eo(LH)의 신호가 사라짐을 볼 수 있었다. Franz-Keldysh oscillation(FKO) 피크로부터 계산되어진 InGaAs/GaAs 계면전장 (E)은 In 조성의 증가에 따라 0.75×10^5 V/㎝에서 2.66×10^5 V/㎝로 증가하였다. In 조성이 x=0.09인 시료에 대한 PR신호의 온도의존성 실험에서 Varshni 계수와 Bose-Einstein 계수들을 각각 구하였다. Photoreflectance (PR) measurents have been performed on In_xGa_(1-x)As/GaAs grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Bandgap (E。) of In_xGa_(1-x)As epilayer measured from PR was separated as heavy-hole (E。(HH)) and light-hole (E。(LH)) by strain effect. The compositions and the strains of epilayer were obtained from the energy value of E。(HH) and from enegy difference of E。(HH) and E。(LH), respectively. In addition, the PR signal of E。(LH) was diminished below 160 K. The interface electric field (E) of InGaAs/GaAs was increased from 0.75×10^5 V/㎝ to 2.66×10^5 V/㎝ as In composition increased, which was calculated from Franz-Keldysh oscillation (FKO) peaks. As the temperature dependence of the PR signal at x=0.09 sample, we obtained Varshni and Bose-Einstein coefficients.

하계 실내 및 실외환경의 공기 중 휘발성 유기화합물 농도 및 개인노출

양원호,손부순,박종안,장봉기,박완모,김윤신,어수미,윤중섭,류인철 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.9

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are present in essentially all natural and synthetic materials from petrol to flowers. In this study, indoor and outdoor VOCs concentrations of houses, offices and internet-cafes were measured and compared simultaneously with personal exposures of each 50 participants in Asan and Seoul, respectively. Also, factors that influence personal VOCs exposure were statistically analyzed using questionnaires in relation to house characteristics, time activities, and health effects. All VOCs concentrations were measured by OVM passive samplers (3M) and analyzed with GC/MS. Target pollutants among VOCs were Toluene, o-Xylene, m/p-Xylene, Ethylbenzene, MIBK, n-Octane, Styrene, Trichloroethylene, and 1,2-Dichlorobenzene. Indoor and outdoor VOCs concentrations measured in Seoul were significantly higher than those in Asan except Ethylbenzene. Residential indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratios for all target compounds ranged from 0.94 to 1.51 and I/O ratios of Asan were a little higher than those of Seoul. Relationship between personal VOCs exposure, and indoor and outdoor VOCs concentrations suggested that time-activity pattern could affect the high exposure to air pollutant. Factors that influence indoor VOCs level and personal exposure with regard to house characteristics in houses were building age, inside smoking and house type. In addition insecticide and cosmetics interestingly affected the VOCs personal exposure. Higher exposure to VOCs might be caused to be exciting increase and memory reduction, considering the relationship between measured VOCs concentrations and questionnaire (p<0.05).

작은 관동맥 질환의 스텐트 시술 초기 및 추적 결과

당군,손민수,진동규,오세진,손지원,고광곤,최인석,신익균 대한순환기학회 1999 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.29 No.11

부산지역 수돗물과 지하수의 중금속 농도

김준연,손지언,김형수,김두희,원미숙,김인식,이혜령 동아대학교 산업의학연구소 2000 산업의학연구소 논총 Vol.- No.5

This study investigated mean airborne CO concention of 15 workplaces, suspected of CO exposure and conducted self-reported questionnaire completion and indirect COHb concentration measure using Micro II Smokerlyzer to healthy 702 adult subjects from 1999 May to 1999 September in order to find a relation of CO exposure and occupational factors, socioeconomic factors, and health related behaviors and confirm the related conditions in the screening test for CO exposure. The results of this study were summarized as follows : 1. In the CO exposed and non exposed group, COHb concentrations of the smokers were 2.55±0.96% and 2.21±0.97% and that got a statistically significant difference, There were not statistically significant differences in the age and total smoking index. Passed times after the last smoking, Working time/day, and working duration were statistically significant difference (p〈0.05). 2. In the CO exposed and non exposed group, COHb concentrations of non-smoking group were 0.94±0.35% and 0.68±0.47% and that got a statistically significant difference. There were not statistically significant differences in the age and working duration but Working time/day was a statistically significant difference(p〈0.05). 3. In the CO exposed group, r-square of multiple regression of the smokers was 38.5 % and passed time after the last smoking, working time/day, and job category were statistically significant differences (p〈0.05). And r-square in the CO non-exposed group was 38.3 % and age, passed time after the last smoking, and total smoking index were statistically significant difference. 4. In the CO exposed group, r-square of multiple repression of the non-smokers was 66.3% and job category and airborne CO concentration were statistically significant differences(p〈0.05). But r-square of non-smokers in the CO non-exposed group was 1.0% and there was not a statistically significant difference(p〈0.05). 5. In the smokers of CO exposed and non exposed groups, relation of COHb concentration and passed time after the last smoking was expressed as exponential function, Y = 2.9182e-0.0083x and r-square of this function was 37.4%. Therefore it was more than 150 minutes that passed time after the last smoking was when COHb concentrations were measured as less than 1%. In conclusion, variable, that was statistically significant to COHb concentraion in the both CO exposed and non-exposed smokers, was a passed time after the last smoking. We suggest that you have to restrict the smoking of smokers at least 150 minutes in the exposed and non exposed group before COHb concentration measure in order to exclude smoking effects

통합 STEM 교육에 대한 중등 교사의 인식과 요구

이효녕 ( Hyo Nyong Lee ),손동일 ( Dong Il Son ),권혁수 ( Hyuk Soo Kwon ),박경숙 ( Kyung Suk Park ),한인기 ( In Ki Han ),정현일 ( Hyun Il Jung ),이성수 ( Seong Soo Lee ),오희진 ( Hee Jin Oh ),남정철 ( Jung Chul Nam ),오영재 ( Young 한국과학교육학회 2012 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.32 No.1

Educational communities around the world have concentrated on integrative efforts among science, technology, engineering and mathematics (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics: STEM) subjects. Korea has focused on integrative education among STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics) school subjects to raise talented human resources in the fields of science and technology. The purpose of this study was to analyze secondary school science, technology, and mathematics teacher`s perceptions and needs toward integrated education and integrative STEM education. A total of 251 secondary school teachers from all areas of the country who have taught science, mathematics, and technology were surveyed by using a self-reported instrument. The findings were as follows: First, teachers have used little integrated education in their classes due to insufficient time in the actual preparation of the integrated education and the lack of expertise, teaching experience, and teaching learning materials for the integrated education, while they have positive thoughts about the need of integrated education. Second, they presented several needs to facilitate the integrated education: development of a variety of integrated programs, school administrative and financial support, and in-service teachers` training. Third, overall perception toward integrated STEM education was not sufficient, but most teachers perceived the need toward integrated STEM education due to students` development in their creativity, thinking skills, and adaptability. Fourth, they perceived that it was imperative to develop the various integrated STEM education programs, distribute the materials, and help STEM teachers` understanding toward integrated STEM education. Fifth, they perceived that the most relevant method to integrate STEM subjects was the problem solving approach. In addition, they appreciate that the integrated STEM education is highly efficient in not only developing integrated problem solving skills and STEM related literacy, but also in positively impacting the rise of talented human resources in the fields of science and technology. In order to increase the awareness of STEM-related secondary school teachers and vitalize the integrated STEM education, it is necessary to develop and spread a variety of programs, effective teaching and learning materials, and teachers` training programs.