EEG signal to Image Transformation for Emotion Recognition

Hung,Aran Oh(오아란),Soo-Hyung Kim(김수형) 한국정보과학회 2021 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2021 No.6

食道 및 氣道異物의 統計的 考察

柳恒熙,姜炳吉,秋淵秀,朴載勳,金春吉,朱良子 대한이비인후과학회 1976 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.19 No.4

근치적 위절제술을 시행한 위암 환자에서 보조요법으로서 5-Fluorouracil, Epirubicin과 5-Epirubicil,Cisplatin의 복합화학요법의 효과 비교

최정혜,안명주,한동수,손주현,전용철,박훤겸,백홍규,이홍기,남영수 한양대학교 의과대학 2000 한양의대 학술지 Vol.20 No.2

To compare 5-fluorouracil plus epirubicin (FE) to 5-fluorouracil plus cisplatin (FP) chemotherapy as adjuvant therapy for patients with resected gastric cancer. Between August 1995 and March 2000, 46 patients with completely resected gastric cancer received six courses of FE (5-fluorouracil 1000mg/m2/day, D2-D5, epirubicin 70mg/m2, D1) or FP (5-fluorouracil 1000mg/m2/day, D2-D5, cisplatin 70mg/m2, D1) chemotherapy. The 23 patients were assigned to each treatment group. A total of 127 courses of treatment were given both FE and FP group. The FP group tended to show more risk of overall death rate. But there were no differences between FE and FP groups in terms of overall survival or disease-free survival. Both treatment arms were generally well tolerated to chemotherapy. We concluded to be no significant differences between FE and FP groups in terms of overall survival or disease-free survival. To define the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy for gastric adenocarcinoma, further prospective randomized trials with large number of patients should be warranted.

하악관 위치 분석시 일반단층사진과 전산화단층사진의 비교연구

최항문,유동수 大韓口腔顎顔面 放射線學會 1995 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.25 No.2

The purpose of this study was comparision of conventional tomography with reformatted computed tomography for dental implant in locating the mandibular canal. Five dogs were used and after conventional tomographs and reformatted computed tomographs were taken, four dentist traced all films. Mandibles were sectioned with 2mm slice thickness and the sections were then radiographed(contact radiography). Each radiographic image was traced and linear measurements were made from mandibular canal to alveolar crest, buccal cortex, lingual cortex, and inferior border. Following results were acquired : 1. Reformatted computed tomographs were exacter than conventional tomography by alveolar crest to canal length of -0.6mm difference between real values and radiographs. 2. The average measurements of buccal cortex to mandibular canal width and lingual cortex to mandibular canal width of conventional tomographs were exacter than reformatted computed tomographs, but standard deviations were higher than reformatted computed tomographs. 3. Standard deviations of reformatted computed tomographs were lower than conventional tomographs at all comparing sites 4. At reformatted computed tomography 62.5% of the measurements performed were within ±1mm of the true value, and at conventional tomography 24.1% were. 5. Mandibular canal invisibility was 0.8% at reformatted computed tomography and 9.2% at conventional tomography. Reformatted computed tomography has been shown to be more useful radiographic technique for assessment of the mandibular canal than conventional tomography.

國樂音階의 史的인 硏究

朴興秀 成均館大學校 1966 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

世宗大王이 韓國 固有의 黃鐘尺을 만들어, 그것의 9寸의 길이와 9分의 空圍를 가지는 1個의 管을 만드려 1端을 막고 부렀을 때 내는 소리를 樂音의 基本으로 하고 이 音을 黃鐘音이라 했다. 이 音을 基本으로 하여 1 Octave 사이에다 完全五度를 反復해서 얻어지는 12音을 配置하여 12律로 하고, 그 中 5音을 擇하여 5音階로 定했다. 그런데 現在로선 標準이 된 黃鐘尺도 黃鐘律管도 없어저서 當時音階를 再生할수 없게 되였으므로, 當時의 黃鐘尺을 硏究再生 하여 黃鐘律管을 만드렀다. 또 當時에도 이미 管口補正이 되고 있기는 했지만 正確하질못해서 λ/D가 20∼126 사이까지의 管口補正値를 測定하여 實驗的으로 補正曲線을 만들어 完全히 管口補正된 12律管을 만들수있게 하였다. About 550 years ago Sejong the great king (1397-1450) adopted Whang-Chong scale as the Korean own standard of length. Then he designed one of pipe, of which the inner diameter and length were 15/1000 and 9/10 of a Whang-chong scale respectively, and the emitted sound using this pipe was adopted for the standard of musical tone by him and was called Whang-Chong tone. The eleven tones which was obtained by repeating the Fifth step between the Whang-Chong tone and it's one octave upper was arranged as the interval and he made a characteristic Korean musical scale by selecting the five tones among this intervas. With the passing of time, however, the standard of both kinds were disapeared altogether, so we cannot regenerate these musical scale correctly at this moment. In this paper we begin with recovering the Whang-Chong scale at first and try to regenerate the musical scale in the present usage and aim to renew the Whang-Chong pipe in accordance with the original one. It seems also that the end correction of pipe was made in some extent in those days already, but it is no wonder that the correction was not perfect. We measurd the end correction experimentaly from 20 to 126 on λ/D and using these data get sufficiently corrected twelve pipes which represent the original interval.

Bicycle Ergometer 運動前, 後 血液成分 變化에 關한 硏究

林恒鎭,金正洙,朴晶來 公州大學校 스포츠科學硏究所 1991 스포츠科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.4-5

This study is meant to calculate the change of circulational ability (Heart rate, Blood pressure) and blood components (RBC, WBC, Hb, Hct, Glucose, Total cholesterol, Total protein) at rest (30 minute of rest before exercise), after exercise and at recovery (30 minutes of rest after exercise) by using bicycle ergometer. The boys (5 athletes group, 5 non-athletes group) were chosen form "K" middle school in "K" city and were examined to raise the expectations about exercise. The method of exercise load was decided with a pre-test at 80% of maximum heart rate with bicycle ergometer (Monark : Sweden). 2 minutes of warming up at 50 in 0 kp was done, and soon without rest, main exercise was done for 5 minutes at 50 in 30 kp. Blood circulational ability and blood components were examined three times respectively at rest, after exercise and at recovery. Blood circulational test was taken at sitting position using finger for heart rate and a Sphygmemanometer (Tycos type, Auto) 5cc of blood was collected using one time injector through the antecubital vein and soon 1cc of blood (anticoagulated, EDTA-2k) was examined for blood components change with Auto Cell Counter (ABX : France). The rest of the blood was placed in a plane tube. Later a biochemistrical test was took with Hand Chemistry Analyzer (Gylford : U.S.A) and Auto chemistry Analyzer (Gylford : U.S.A). Experimental items were physique examination (Height, Weight, Chest), circulational ability test (Heart rate , Blood Pressure), hematological test(RBC, WBC, Hb, Hct) and biochemistrical test (Glucose, Total cholesterol, Total protein). The results were compared and analyzed according to experimental items, Standard deviation and mean were made by SAS package program at rest Exercise, and at recovery, The T-test about the difference in average between athletes and non-athletes was made at level of α=0.05, α=0.01 The results are as follows. 1. At rest , the heart rate of the athletes and non-athletes did not have statistical differences, but after exercise, both groups showed rapid increase with concerning difference (p<0.01). 2. At rest, the maximum blood pressure (at systolic) was lower for the athletes group with no statistical significance for both of the groups. After exercise, both groups showed high increase, and at recovery both groups showed quick recover rate. There were no concerning difference both at after exercise and at recovery. 3. At rest the blood components showed less RBC's and WBC's than the normal adults and an average rate of Hb's and Hct's. Only WBC's and Hb's showed statistical difference (p<0.05, p<0.01). 4. After exercise, both groups showed low increase of RBC's Hb's, and Hct's but WBC's showed high increase WBC's Hb's and Hct's showed concerning increase (p<0.05) 5. At recovery, both groups showed approximately 95% recovery rate of RBC's Hb's and Hct's of the blood components, but WBC's showed a high recovery rate of 106%. Only WBC's and Hb's showed statistical difference (p<0.05) 6. At rest, Glucose and Total cholesterol was lower in athletes group but there were no statistical difference in both groups. After exercise both groups showed low increase in them. Glucose showed concerning difference (p<0.01) At recovery, both groups showed rapid recovery rare, but no concerning difference. 7. At rest, Total protein was low in athletes group with no statistical significance. After exercise, both groups showed low increase with no concerning differences. At recovery, both groups recovered quickly, but were no concerning differences. Concluding the above, compared to the non-athletes group, the athlete group showed low numeric value in blood circulating ability and change in blood components at rest, after exercise and of recovery. The low numeric value in blood circulating ability and quick recovery seems to reason form everyday planed and regular exercise in which physical and biochemical changes occur which gives the ability to adjust to the moving parts. The future subject is to understand the effect to the students of early growth which happen by the influence of developing society and to do continuous research of age, sex distinction, and areas to judge the details and intensity of physical strength training, and need to research with long and planned physical strength examination.

分割法에 依한 電力潮流計算에 관한 硏究

鄭亨煥,周秀元,禹靖仁 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1979 硏究報告 Vol.4 No.1

The Newton-Raphson Method has now gained widespread popularity in Load-Flow calculation. In this paper programming is developed with aims to improve the covergence characteristic, speed and memory requirements in the above method.

DS/CDMA 시스템에서 핸드오프 방식에 따른 얼랑용량과 링크마진 계산에 의한 셀 커버리지

권영수,김항래,한태영,김남 충북대학교 컴퓨터정보통신 연구소 2002 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.10 No.2

PCS CDMA 시스템의 역방향 링크에서 핸드오프 기법에 따라 얼랑용량과 링크마진을 구하는 각각의 차단확률을 유도하였다. 동일한 시스템 파라메터로 그 값을 계산해서 COST-231 전파모델을 적용한 전파손실을 구할 때 적용하였으며, 현실적인 셀 최대용량으로 얼랑용량을 계산해 여러 지역에서 셀 커버리지와의 관계를 새로운 관점에서 분석하였다. 소프트핸드오프를 하는 상황에서 E_(b)/N_(o)=5 dB에서 차단확률을 5 %에서 2 %로 낮출 경우 링크마진은 0.88 dB 더 높여야하고 용량이 20 얼랑에서 2 얼랑 감소함에 따라 도시지역의 셀 커버리지도 0.1 km 줄어들지만 신뢰성과 서비스품질을 높일 수 있었다. 차단확률 5 % 이내에서 E_(b)/N_(o)=7 dB에서 5 dB로 낮게 적용할 경우 마진은 똑같이 2.8 dB로 적용해도 용량은 11 얼랑에서 9 얼랑 증가와 함께 커버리지도 1.5 km에서 0.2 km 증가하였다. 이때 하드핸드오프에 비하면 2.16 dB의 마진을 더 줄일 수 있어 10 얼랑 증가와 함께 0.22 km 늘어나는 소프트핸드오프 이득이 발생하였다. 또한 핸드오프를 하지 않는 단일 셀 경우에 비해서는 용량은 10 얼랑 이상 감소하지만 1.31 dB의 마진을 줄일 수 있어 셀 커버리지도 0.17 km 증가하였다. We derive the outage probability for the Erlang capacity and link margin according to handoffs in the reverse link of a PCS CDMA system, calculate them with the same parameters, and then analyze newly the cell coverage with the maximum realizable Erlang capacity in different areas by the COST-231 model. If it decreases from 5 % to 2 % in case of E_(b)/N_(o)=5 dB, the result shows a very reliable link on the additional increase of 0.88 dB in the margin and a high quality of service within coverage decrease of 0.1 km from 1.5 km in city area on the decrease of 2 Erlang from 20 Erlang in the capacity. When the E_(b)/N_(o) decreases from 7 dB to 5 dB within the outage probability of 5 % under a soft handoff, it shows the increase of 9 Erlang from 11 Erlang and of 0.2 km in it on the same margin of 2.8 dB. Then, comparing it with a hard handoff, it shows the soft handoff gain of the decrease of 2.16 dB in the margin, the increase of 10 Erlang, and of 0.22 km in it. Also, comparing it with a single cell, the decrease of more than 10 Erlang, but the enlargement of 0.17 km on the decrease of 1.31 dB.

연속철근 콘크리트 포장체의 피로수명에 대한 실험적 연구

김형수,윤기용 선문대학교 1999 공과대학논문집 Vol.1 No.2

시멘트 콘크리트 포장은 대형 차량 하중에 대한 지지력이 좋고 수명이 길며, 시공 후에 잦은 유지 보수가 필요치 않다는 측면에서 국내 고속도로에는 1980년대 도입된 이후부터 그 사용이 급격히 증가하였으며, 앞으로 건설되는 대규모 고속도로들도 콘크리트 포장으로 시공할 가능성은 증가하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 균열에 의한 Punch-Out 파괴에 따른 콘크리트 포장의 수명을 규명하기 위하여 이론적 연구와 정적하중재하실험을 바탕으로 1/4로 상사한 시험체를 제작하였다. 콘크리트포장의 수명을 지배하는 파괴모드를 Punch-Out으로 가정하고, 피로하중의 응력수준을 Punch-Out이 발생할 때의 하중인 정적파괴하중으로부터 산정하여 피로실험을 실시하였다. 피로실험결과로부터 기존의 콘크리트포장의 파괴기준식과 비교한 결과 Vesic에 의한 결과와 잘 일치하는 것을 보여 주었다. 본 실험은 온도변화에 의한 열응력이나 동결융해 등의 환경적 요인이 배제되었으므로 피로수명의 상한값을 제시한다. The use of cement concrete pavement in the roadway system has increased since its first application in 1980's in Korea by virtue of its good durability and excellent load-resisting capacity. in this study, six 1/4 reduce specimens were tested to investigate the fatigue life expectancy of continuously reinforced concrete pavements(CRCP). A series of fatigue tests were performed with varying fractions of the static failure load thus determined by several static tests and finite element analyses. The results were shown very close to those based on the field study performed by Vesic in 1970. Nothing that the present tests do not include the environmental factors such as temperature stress such as temperature changes, and freezing and thawing, the fatigue life expectance determined from the present tests should be interpreted as upper bound values.

우리나라 지역 직업성질환 감시체계의 현황과 전망

임종한,장성실,김성아,문재동,채창호,홍윤철,김수영,김진석,김영욱,한상환,이혜숙,원종욱,송동빈,하은희,강성규 대한산업의학회 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.2

기존의 특수건강진단과 작업환경측정을 통한 직업병 관리가 진폐증, 소음성난청 등의 소수 특정질환에 국한되고 실제 직업병 발생 규모 파악이나 신종 직업병의 발견에 한계를 보인다는 사실은 산업의학전문가들 사이에서도 공감을 이루고 있다. 미국과 영국 등에서의 직업성질환 감시체계에 대한 경험은 우리 나라의 직업성질환 감시체계 구축에도 새로운 자극제가 되면서, 1998년이후 인천, 대전, 여천, 구미, 부울경 지역에서 지역 직업성질환감시체계를 산업보건관리의 중요한 시스템으로 구축하려는 노력이 확산되고 있다. 새로이 구축되어지는 이들 지역 직업성질환 감시체계는 감시하고자 하는 대상질환, 활용 가능한 인적자원 및 자료원, 지역 의료체계의 특수성 등에 따라서 목적과 방법을 달리하면서 독특한 형태로 발전을 하고 있다. 각 지역단위 감시체계들이 그 상황에 맞게 독특한 목적과 전략들을 발전 시키면서도, 향후 발전할 국가적인 차원의 직업성질환 감시체계 구축을 위하여 직업성질환 감시의 기본 전략 등을 공유하는 등의 노력이 필요하다. 환례 정의 및 기본적인 등록 서식의 공유, 직업성질환 감시 자료원의 발굴, 공동의 정보 네트워크 및 직업성질환 감시 데이터베이스 구축 등 직업성질환 감시활동을 지원하기 위한 여러 기초 인프라 구축에 힘을 모아야 할 것이다. 우리 나라에서 직업성질환 감시체계를 성공적으로 구축하기 위해서는 수집된 자료의 질 관리를 위한 직업성질환 감시의 원칙 제정과 감시 전략의 공유 등이 필요하며, 전국적인 직업성질환 감시체계의 하부구조라고 할 수 있는 지역감시체계의 기초 토대 마련과 강화작업이 절실하게 필요하다.