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조수환 한국교육철학회 1997 교육철학 Vol.15 No.-
The purpose of this study is to analyse the justification and meaning of worth while activities as the normative aspect of education. To persue this purpose, I investigate 1) the normative aspect of education 2) the justification of worth while activities 3) the case for curricrlum activities. R.S. Peters said education involves the intentional transmission of what is worth while. To raise questions about its aims is to invite clarification of and concentration on what is worth while in the enterprise. But there are many different ways of initiating others into what is worth while. Few democrats nowadays would dispute the moral desirability of the principle of liberty and respect for persons presupposed by this movement. Adherence to them, however, cannot serve as a substitute for valuations about content, which determine the direction of growth and what interests are worth developing. What is the general chatacter of the worth while and how to justify about curriculum activities (or worth while activities) are serious in that they illuminate other areas of life and contribution much to the quality of living. they thus insensibly change a man's view of the world.
외래 기반 임상 현장에서의 약물 치료 중심의 비만 진료
조수환,김경곤 대한가정의학회 2020 Korean Journal of Family Practice Vol.10 No.2
Obesity is a chronic relapsing disease associated with cardiovascular disease and cancer with a growing incidence. Since obesity is a complex disease that is affected by a variety of factors, including social, cultural, and environmental factors, it should be approached by establishing an integrated and comprehensive treatment strategy. It is difficult to achieve a sufficient amount of weight loss in most obese patients through lifestyle interventions alone, so pharmacotherapy in primary care should be actively considered as an additional treatment. Currently, there are four drugs that can be used for long-term weight management in Korea: orlistat, naltrexone/bupropion, phentermine/topiramate, and liraglutide. Sympathomimetics, such as phentermine, diethylpropion, phendimetrazine, and mazindol, can only be used for short-term treatment. These drugs can induce weight loss by suppressing appetite or inhibiting fat absorption in the gut. The prescription of such drug treatments should be based on evidence-based clinical care and tailored to the patient. Patient-tailored obesity drug treatments should be performed taking into consideration the advantages, side effects, and safety issues of each drug. Considering that obesity is a chronic disease that must be controlled for a lifetime, obese patients should be guided by clinicians to maintain their weight sustainably by setting common and realistic goals. 비만은 심뇌혈관질환과 암의 발생과 연관되어 있으며, 우리나라에서도 지속적으로 유병률과 합병증의 발생이 증가하고 있는 만성질환이다. 비만은 행동적, 사회문화적, 환경적 요인 등 다양한 원인들에 의해 복합적으로 영향을 받아 진행하는 특성을 갖고 있기 때문에 적절한 체중 감량을 유도하기 위해서는 식사 요법, 운동 요법, 행동 요법을 기반으로 적절한 약물 처방과 수술적 치료까지 고려하는 통합적이고 포괄적인 접근이 필요하다. 실제 일차의료 현장에서 대부분의 비만 환자는 생활습관 관리만으로 적절한 체중 감량을 달성하기 어렵기 때문에, 약물 치료가 적극적으로 고려되어야 한다. 현재 국내에서 사용할 수 있는 비만 약제로는 장기간 사용할 수 있는 4가지 약제(오를리스타트, 날트렉손/부프로피온, 펜터민/토피라메이트, 리라글루타이드)와 단기간에만 사용이 가능한 교감신경 효현제(펜터민, 디에틸프로피온, 펜디메트라진, 마진돌)가 있다. 이 약제들 중에서 오를리스타트만 유일하게 장에서의 지방 흡수를 억제하는 작용을 통해 체중 감량을 유도하며, 오를리스타트를 제외한 나머지 약제들은 모두 식욕을 억제하는 역할을 한다. 이러한 약물 치료는 근거에 기반한 올바른 임상 진료에 의해 이루어져야 하며, 환자 맞춤형으로 제공되어야 한다. 비만 약제를 선택할 때 환자들의 다양한 기저질환이나 합병증을 고려하여 선택하는 것이 바람직하며, 약물의 권장 투여 방법, 발생할 수 있는 부작용, 금기증에 대해 잘 알고 있는 것이 중요하다. 비만은 만성질환에 해당하므로 비만 환자와 치료자 모두 비만이 평생 관리해야 하는 질환임을 이해하고 달성할 수 있는 현실적인 목표를 세워서 지속 가능한 방법으로 체중을 유지해 나가야 할 것이다.
조수환,신훈철,이재범,정호성,신승권 대한전기학회 2019 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.14 No.2
Nowadays, it is a very essential issue to detect and recognize power quality (PQ) disturbances as soon as possible, because it can give very important information by which various kinds of power quality mitigation devices can respond for each phenomenon quickly and to capture the interested waveform parts instantaneously, and so on. Also, it can be widely used as a trigger or reference signal for data mining to determine the existence of anomalies in the power system. We have studied some applications of Teager Energy Operator (TEO) and its adjunctive techniques known as Discrete Energy Operation Algorithm (DESA) to classify and detect the waveform distortions such as harmonics, inter-harmonics and frequency variation and the voltage synchronization. This paper is written to propose an eff ective detection method of voltage and frequency fl uctuation based on TEO/DESA combined with Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT), which is designed to overcome the drawback of the former study, a combined TEO and STFT method.