Association of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) 2518A/G Polymorphism with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy in Korean Type 2 Diabetes

전현정,최형진,박병희,이용희,오태근 연세대학교의과대학 2013 Yonsei medical journal Vol.54 No.3

Purpose: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a chemokine that can increase adhesion molecule expression on monocytes and produce superoxide anions. Hyperglycemia induces MCP-1 production in vascular endothelial cells and retinal pigmented epithelial cells, and has been implicated as a causal factor in the facilitation of vascular complications in diabetes. In the present study, we evaluated the association of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the MCP-1 gene with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in a Korean population with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: We conducted a case-control study, which enrolled 590 subjects with type 2 diabetes, and SNP genotyping of c.2518A/G in the MCP-1 gene was performed using polymerase chain reaction followed by digestion with PvuII restriction enzyme. Results: The prevalence of c.2518A/G polymorphism in diabetic patients was 13.2% (A/A), 47.1% (A/G) and 39.7% (G/G). In patients with diabetic retinopathy, the prevalence of PDR was significantly higher (p=0.009) in diabetic subjects with the c.2518A/A genotype (35.9%; n=78) compared to those with either the A/G or G/G genotype (22.3%, n=512). The prevalence of any other micro and macro-complications, including nephropathy and cerebrovascular events, were not different according to the c.2518A/G genotype. Conclusion: Our new genetic findings suggest that the c.2518A/A genotype in MCP-1 could be used as a susceptibility gene to predispose Koreans exhibiting type 2 diabetes for the development of PDR.

직업계고 학생의 진로결정 및 진로개발효능감의 분석 : 2006년과 2016년 비교를 중심으로

전현정,정혜원 한국교육학회 2019 敎育學硏究 Vol.57 No.1

The purpose of this study was to analyze the difference between career decision and career development efficacy of vacational high school students before and after the promotion of secondary vocational education policy considering various school and student variables of students. To do this, the propensity score matching was adapted to KEEPⅠ2006 data and KEEP Ⅱ2016 data that examined the same grade at 10 years gap. The findings of the current study were as follows. Comparing the patterns of change over the decade, the total number of schools and the number of students in academic and vocational high schools in 2006 and 2016 did not show any significant change. However, after 2016, the employment rate of students who graduated from vocational high schools exceeded the entrance rate. In addition, satisfaction with individuals, families, and schools was found to increased after implementation of secondary vocational education policy. As a result of analyzing career education achievement after controlling the difference between these two groups, the career decision and career development efficacy of specialized high school students in 2016 were higher than those of vocational high school students in 2006. In addition, the career capacity of meister high school students were higher than that of the specialized high school students in 2016. Finally, based on the results of the current study, policy implications for the implementation of effective secondary vocational education policies and the direction of subsequent research were discussed. 본 연구는 중등 직업교육 정책 추진 전과 후 시점을 중심으로 직업계 고등학교 학생들의 진로결정 및 진로개발효능감을 학생 개인 학교 가정 변인들을 고려하여 분석하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 10년간의 격차를 두고 동일 학년을 조사한 한국교육고용패널Ⅰ의 3차년도(2006년) 자료와 한국교육 고용패널Ⅱ의 1차년도(2016년) 자료를 활용하여 연구를 진행하였다. 특히 10년간의 격차를 두고 있는 중등 직업교육 정책 시행 전과 후를 비교 분석하기 위하여 두 집단 간 존재하는 선택 편의의 문제를 해결하며 집단 간 동등성을 확보해주는 경향점수 매칭(propensity score matching) 방법을 활용하여 분석하였다. 분석결과, 10년간의 변화양상을 비교하였을 때 2006년과 2016년의 일반계고와 직업계고의 총 학교 수와 학생 수는 큰 변동을 보이지 않았지만 2016년 직업계고 학생들의 졸업 후 취업률이 진학률을 넘 어서는 결과를 보였다. 또한 중등 직업교육 정책 시행 이전보다 이후의 개인 가정 학교에 대한 만족 도가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 집단 간 차이를 통제한 뒤 두 시점별 진로교육 성과를 분 석한 결과, 진로결정과 진로개발효능감 모두 2006년 전문계고 학생들 보다는 2016년 특성화고 학생이 높았으며, 2016년 특성화고 학생들보다는 마이스터고 학생들이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로는 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 효과적인 중등직업교육 정책 시행을 위한 정책적 시사점 및 후속연구의 방향을 논의하였다.

Synthesis of High Molecular Weight 3-Arm Star PMMA by ARGET ATRP

전현정,안성희,최진환,조광수,육지호 한국고분자학회 2009 Macromolecular Research Vol.17 No.4

High molecular weight (MW), 3-arm star poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with a narrow MW distribution (Mn=570,000 g/mol, PDI=1.36) was successfully synthesized by activators regenerated by electron transfer (ARGET) atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The polymerization was carried out with a trifunctional initiator/CuBr2/N,N,N',N'',N''-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) initiator/catalyst system in the presence of a tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate [Sn(EH)2] reducing agent at 90 ℃. The concentration of the copper catalyst was as low as 30 ppm, and a high initiation efficiency of the initiating sites was obtained. The chain-end functionality of the high MW, 3-arm star PMMA was confirmed by a chain extension experiment with styrene via ARGET ATRP, using the same catalyst system.

동의보감(東醫寶鑑)" 면문(面門) 중(中) 피부질환(皮膚疾患)에 사용된 한약제 연구(硏究)

전현정,장경은,문영옥,금경수,Cheon, Hyun-Jung,Chang, Kyung-Eun,Moon, Young-Ok,Keum, Kyung-Soo 대한한의정보학회 2010 大韓韓醫情報學會誌 Vol.16 No.1

Koreans has regarded a fair skin as the supreme beauty emphasizing the white beauty so long, and mugwort and garlic were used as whitening materials. Also, it was recorded that the people of Eub-Rue (?婁) applied some lard to protect their skin from cold and prevent frostbite, and this must be a great way of beauty care in the light of modern sense. The basic beauty care materials currently used as skin care materials, include natural minerals like loess or mud, and the ones composed of a highly polymerized compound. However, by reason that they are produced without consideration of an individual skin condition, and rather bring about a number of problems leading to skin diseases. To complement this issue, using natural resources would have priority to make up for the weak points. For this, we decided to select and study "Dongeuibogam".

중환자실 환자의 초기 영양상태 판정에 따른 임상 및 호르몬 결과 분석

전현정,김정태,이정옥,손윤진,조민자,임은아,이택구,이지혁,김지선,오태근,최재운 한국정맥경장영양학회 2011 한국정맥경장영양학회 학술대회집 Vol.2011 No.-

연구배경: 영양불량은 기저질환 회복에 영향을 미쳐 감염, 호흡부전, 상처치유 지연 등을 통해 환자의 재원기간 연장, 이환율 및 사망율을 증가시킨다. 중환자실 입원 환자의 경우 일반 병실 환자에 비해 영양불량 위험율이 높으며, 영양불량이 동반되어 있는 경우 사망률을 더욱 증가시킬 수 있다. 영양불량은 내분비 기관에 영향을 미쳐 호르몬 불균형을 가져올 수 있으며 이러한 호르몬 불균형은 주로 초기에 일어나는 것으로 알려져 있다. 따라서 호르몬 불균형은 초기영양불량을 잘 반영할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 연구목적: 본 연구는 중환자실 입원 환자를 대상으로 호르몬불균형이 초기 영양상태 판정 지표로서의 타당성 여부를 알아보기 위해 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2009년 1월부터 2009년 6월까지 충북대학교병원 중환자실에 입원한 환자를 대상으로 체질량지수, 혈청 알부민, 총 콜레스테롤, 총림프구수를 기준으로 초기 영양상태판정 프로그램을 사용하여 초기 영양상태 판정을 시행하였다. 대상환자는 입원 시 혈액검사, 체중, 신장, APACHE score 측정과 함께 유리갑상선호르몬, 갑상선자극호르몬, 트리요오드 타이로닌(T3), 혈중 코르티솔, 부신피질자극호르몬을 측정하였다. 연구결과: 대상환자는 총 83명으로 구성되었고, 충북대학교 병원 초기 영양상태판정 프로그램을 이용하여 영양 양호군(n=38명), 영양불량군(n=45)으로 분류하였다. 양군 사이에 연령(영양양호군 60.4±17.5 vs 영양불량군 65.5±16.7) 및 성별은 차이가 없었다(영양불량군 F:M=40%:60% vs 영양양호군 F:M=26.3%:73.7%). APACHE score 역시 양군 사이에 차이는 없었다(영양양호군 vs 영양불량군, 19.4±7.8 vs 21.5±8.6). 혈액검사에서 혈청 알부민, 단백질, 총림프구수, 중성지방 수치는 영양불량군에서 영양양호군에 비해 통계학적으로 의미있게 감소하였다. 호르몬 결과에서 혈중 코르티솔, 부신피질자극호르몬, 소마토메딘-C는 양군 사이에서 차이를 보이지 않았다. 트리요오드 타이로닌(T3), 갑상선자극호르몬은 영양불량군에서 영양양호군에 비하여 의미있게 감소하였다(Table 1). 결론: 중환자실 입원환자를 대상으로 시행한 초기영양상태 판정에 따른 호르몬결과에서 영양양호환자와 비교하여 영양불량환자에서 호르몬 불균형 차이점이 관찰되었다. 호르몬 불균형은 영양상태판정에서 효과적인 지표로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

Cobalt-mediated Radical Polymerization of Vinyl Acetate and Acrylonitrile with Poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) Macroinitiator End-capped by Cobalt(II) Acetylacetonate

전현정,육지호,Jeon, Hyun-Jeong,Youk, Ji-Ho The Korean Fiber Society 2010 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.47 No.6

Cobalt-mediated radical polymerization (CMRP) of vinyl acetate (VAc) and acrylonitrile (AN) with poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) macroinitiator end-capped by cobalt(II) acetylacetonate [PVP-$Co(acac)_2$] was conducted, and the effects of the polymerization temperature and the presence of electron-donating compounds on the block copolymer synthesis were investigated. PVP-$Co(acac)_2$ is sensitive to oxygen and should be stored in an inert atmosphere. The CMRP of VAc with the PVP-$Co(acac)_2$ macroinitiator did not proceed in a controlled manner probably due to the inefficient deactivation reaction between the growing PVP-b-PVAc radicals and $Co(acac)_2$. However, well-defined PVP-b-PAN could be synthesized in dimethyl sulfoxide at $15^{\circ}C$. The well-controlled process was evidenced by the linear relationship between ln($[M]_0$/[M]) vs. time.

Yeast two-hybrid 시스템을 통한 K11 phage lysozyme과 K11 phage RNA 중합효소와의 결합에 대한 연구

전현정,이상수,Junn, Hyun-Jung,Lee, Sang-Soo 배재대학교 자연과학연구소 2004 自然科學論文集 Vol.14 No.2

박테리오 파이지 K11 lysozyme은 최근에 우리 실험실에서 클로닝 되었으며, 숙주균주의 세포벽을 분해하는 고유의 lysozyme활성과 박테리오 파아지 K11 RNA 중합효소의 전사반응을 억제하는 활성을 가지고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 이미 잘 연구된 박테리오 파아지 T7 lysozyme의 경우 클로닝되고 분리 정제된 T7 lysozyme 단백질의 3차 구조 및 T7 RNA 중합효소와의 결합양상에 대하여 밝혀졌다. 따라서 우리 실험실에서는 K11 lysozyme과 K11 RNA 중합효소와의 결합 정도 및 그 특성을 파악할 목적으로 yeast two hybrid 시스템을 통하여 K11 RNA 중합효소와 K11 lysozyme의 단백질-단백질 상호작용을 알아보고자 하였다. LexA 시스템을 이용하여 LexA DNA 결합 부위를 갖고 있는 pLexA에 K11 lysozyme 유전자를 삽입하여 prey로 하였따. 활성 부위로는 B42 융합 단백질을 만드는 pJG4-5에 K11 RNA 중합효소의 결합은 생체 밖에서 reporter 유전자인 lacZ와 leu2의 발현으로 확인되었으며 이들의 결합정도와 결합부위에 대한 연구들은 진행중에 있다. Recently phage K11 lysozyme was cloned and characterized in our lab. The K11 lysozyme was identified to have dual functions. It not only cuts a peptidoglycan bond in bacterial cell wall but also acts as an inhibitor of K11 RNA polymerase. It has been known that the T7 lysozyme binds specifically to T7 RNA polymerase and inhibits transcription. The dual activities of K11 lysozyme are atreeable to the case of T7 phage lysozyme and RNA polymerare. In order to identify the binding magnitude of K11 lysozyme with K11 RNA polymerase, yeast two-hybrid system was used. K11 phage lysozyme gene was introduced into pLexA plasmid and used as a prey. Also, K11 phage RNA polymerase gene was introduced into pJG4-5 and used as a bait. The binding between K11 lysozyme and K11 RNA polymerase was demonstrated by expression of reporter genes such as lacZ and leu2.

SARS-CoV-2 Delta (B.1.617.2) Variant: A Unique T478K Mutation in Receptor Binding Motif (RBM) of Spike Gene

전현정,박호영,Hisham Yasmin,송창선,김수현 대한면역학회 2021 Immune Network Vol.21 No.5

Over two hundred twenty-eight million cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the world have been reported until the 21st of September 2021 after the first rise in December 2019. The virus caused the disease called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Over 4 million deaths blame COVID-19 during the last one year and 8 months in the world. Currently, four SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern are mainly focused by pandemic studies with limited experiments to translate the infectivity and pathogenicity of each variant. The SARS-CoV-2 α, β, γ, and δ variant of concern was originated from United Kingdom, South Africa, Brazil/Japan, and India, respectively. The classification of SARS-CoV-2 variant is based on the mutation in spike (S) gene on the envelop of SARS-CoV-2. This review describes four SARS-CoV-2 α, β, γ, and δ variants of concern including SARS-CoV-2 ε, ζ, η, ι, κ, and B.1.617.3 variants of interest and alert. Recently, SARS-CoV-2 δ variant prevails over different countries that have 3 unique mutation sites: E156del/R158G in the N-terminal domain and T478K in a crucial receptor binding domain. A particular mutation in the functional domain of the S gene is probably associated with the infectivity and pathogenesis of the SARS-CoV-2 variant.

Synthesis of Water-soluble Poly(vinyl alcohol)-grafted Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes

전현정,육지호,유웅렬 한국고분자학회 2010 Macromolecular Research Vol.18 No.5

A facile method for preparing waster-soluble poly(vinyl alcohol)-grafted multi-walled carbon nanotubes (PVA-grafted MWNTs) was developed. Well-defined poly(vinyl acetate) chains end-capped by a cobalt(II) acetylacetonate (Co(acac)2) complex [PVAc-Co(acac)2] were synthesized by the cobalt-mediated radical polymerization (CMRP) of vinyl acetate. PVAc macroradicals generated by the homolytic cleavage of the carbon-cobalt (C-Co)bonds of PVAc-Co(acac)2 chains were then grafted directly to the MWNTs via radical addition reactions in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at 50 oC. The amount of the PVAc grafted onto the surface of the MWNTs decreased with increasing molecular weight of PVAc-Co(acac)2. Hydrolysis of the grafted PVAc finally yielded PVA-grafted MWNTs,which showed good solubility in water. Surface functionalization of the MWNTs was confirmed by 1H NMR spectroscopy,FTIR spectroscopy and TEM.

논 재배 팥 품종별 수량구성요소 및 에탄올 추출물의 항산화 성분 비교

전현정,정기열,최영대,이상훈,송석보,고지연,최지명,장윤우,Chun, Hyen Chung,Jung, Ki Yuol,Choi, Young Dae,Lee, Sanghun,Song, Seok bo,Ko, Jee Yeon,Choi, Ji Myung,Jang, Yun Woo 한국작물학회 2017 한국작물학회지 Vol.62 No.3

This study investigated the changes in yields, antioxidant compounds, and antioxidant activities among 11 adzuki bean cultivars cultivated in a paddy field with somewhat poorly drained soil. The adzuki bean cultivars were cultivated in the paddy field from 2015 to 2016 in Milyang, Gyeongsangnam, Korea. Average soil moisture content was 16.5% in 2015 and 31.0% in 2016 at the experimental site during adzuki bean cultivation. As the soil moisture content increased, most of the adzuki bean cultivars showed deceases in stem height, first setting pod node, number of pods, 100 seed weight, and yield. Chungju-pat produced the greatest yields among the 11 cultivars in 2015 and 2016, whereas Hongeon had the smallest yields. Adzuki bean yields after paddy field cultivation was lower for all cultivars than for adzuki bean yields from the same cultivars after upland field cultivation. Chungju-pat and Chilbo-pat showed the smallest decreases in yields after paddy field cultivation, whereas Hongeon and Kumsil showed the greatest yield reductions. There were no significant differences in proximate composition. Some mineral components ($P_2O_5$, Ca, and Mg) were statistically different across cultivars. Chungju-pat had the highest Ca and Mg contents, but antioxidant components (polyphenol and flavonoids) and antioxidant activities (ABTS and DPPH) were highest in Saegil and lowest in Jungbu-pat. PCA and clustering analyses, based on the growth, yield, and antioxidant component measurements, performed to identify which variables contributed the most to separating adzuki bean cultivars or to grouping cultivars with similar characteristics. These analyses showed that the antioxidant components and antioxidant activities had the most influence on grouping cultivars together. Among the 11 cultivars, Saegil was statistically different from the other cultivars, but the other 10 cultivars were not significantly different under paddy field cultivation. Soil moisture content affected adzuki bean yield and antioxidant component contents. An increase in soil moisture led to a decrease in yield, but an increase in antioxidant components. These results provide information that will improve the selection of an appropriate adzuki bean cultivar for use in paddy fields.